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Blood Films (blood + film)
Selected AbstractsAlbumin enhanced morphometric image analysis in CLL,CYTOMETRY, Issue 1 2004Matthew A. Lunning Abstract BACKGROUND The heterogeneity of lymphocytes from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and blood film artifacts make morphologic subclassification of this disease difficult. METHODS We reviewed paired blood films prepared from ethylene-diamine-tetraacetic acid (ETDA) samples with and without bovine serum albumin (BSA) from 82 CLL patients. Group 1 adhered to NCCLS specifications for the preparations of EDTA blood films. Group 2 consisted of blood films containing EDTA and a 1:12 dilution of 22% BSA. Eight patients were selected for digital photomicroscopy and statistical analysis. Approximately 100 lymphocytes from each slide were digitally captured. RESULTS The mean cell area ± standard error was 127.8 ,m2 ± 1.42 for (n = 793) for group 1 versus 100.7 ,m2 ± 1.39 (n = 831) for group 2. The nuclear area was 88.9 ,m2 ± 0.85 for group 1 versus 76.4 ,m2 ± 0.83 for group 2. For the nuclear transmittance, the values were 97.6 ± 0.85 for group 1 and 104.1 ± 0.83 for group 2. The nuclear:cytoplasmic ratios were 0.71 ± 0.003 for group 1 and 0.78 ± 0.003 for group 2. All differences were statistically significant (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS BSA addition results in the reduction of atypical lymphocytes and a decrease in smudge cells. BSA also decreases the lymphocyte area and nuclear area, whereas nuclear transmittance and nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio are increased. A standardized method of slide preparation would allow accurate interlaboratory comparison. The use of BSA may permit better implementation of the blood film-based subclassification of CLL and lead to a better correlation of morphology with cytogenetics and immunophenotyping. Published 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Rule based processing of the CD4000, CD3200 and CD Sapphire analyser output using the Cerner Discern Expert ModuleINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LABORATORY HEMATOLOGY, Issue 6 2009P. BURGESS Summary The latest version of our Laboratory Information System haematology laboratory expert system that handles the output of Abbott Cell-Dyn Sapphires, CD4000s and a CD3200 full blood count analyser in three high-volume haematology laboratories is described. The three hospital laboratories use Cerner Millennium Version 2007.02 software and the expert system uses Cerner Millennium Discern Expert rules and some small Cerner Command Language in-house programs. The entire expert system is totally integrated with the area-wide database and has been built and maintained by haematology staff members, as has the haematology database. Using patient demographic data, analyser numeric results, analyser error and morphology flags and previous results for the patient, this expert system decides whether to validate the main full blood count indices and white cell differential, or if the analyser results warrant further operator intervention/investigation before verifying, whether a blood film is required for microscopic review and if abnormal results require phoning to the staff treating the patient. The principles of this expert system can be generalized to different haematology analysers and haematology laboratories that have different workflows and different software. [source] Report on Slide Session, British Society for Haematology, 44th Annual Scientific Meeting, Cardiff, 2004INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LABORATORY HEMATOLOGY, Issue 5 2004B. J. Bain Each year at the Annual Scientific Meeting of the British Society for Haematology Annual Scientific Meeting, there is a morphology session in which two experts discuss the diagnosis, on the basis of a blood film or bone marrow trephine biopsy section provided from six patients. The same slides are provided in advance to other participants in the meeting. The experts receive no information other than that provided to all participants. After a provisional or definitive diagnosis has been made, the case contributors present further details and discuss the final diagnosis. The slide session presented here is in the same order as at the meeting so that readers can arrive at their own conclusions about the diagnosis. [source] Candida albicans in a peripheral blood filmBRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2008Y. L. Naidoo No abstract is available for this article. [source] Four pedigrees of the cation-leaky hereditary stomatocytosis class presenting with pseudohyperkalaemia.BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2004K+ leak in a xerocytic form, Novel profile of temperature dependence of Na+ Summary We report four pedigrees of the group of Na+,K+ -leaky red cell disorders of the ,hereditary stomatocytosis' class. Each showed pseudohyperkalaemia because of temperature-dependent loss of K+ from red cells on storage of whole blood at room temperature. All pedigrees showed an abnormality in the temperature dependence of the ,passive leak' of the membrane to K+. Two pedigrees, both of which showed a compensated haemolytic state with dehydrated red cells and target cells on the blood film, showed a novel pattern, in which the profile was flat between 37°C and about 32°C then dropped as the temperature was reduced to zero. The third showed the ,shallow slope' profile, with stomatocytes on the blood film and very markedly abnormal intracellular Na+ and K+ levels. Minimal haemolysis was present. The fourth pedigree, of Asian origin, showed the shoulder pattern (minimum at 32°C, maximum at 12°C) with essentially normal haematology. Both of these latter two forms have previously been seen in other pedigrees. The first variant represents a novel kind of temperature dependence of the passive leak found in these pedigrees presenting with pseudohyperkalaemia. [source] Albumin enhanced morphometric image analysis in CLL,CYTOMETRY, Issue 1 2004Matthew A. Lunning Abstract BACKGROUND The heterogeneity of lymphocytes from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and blood film artifacts make morphologic subclassification of this disease difficult. METHODS We reviewed paired blood films prepared from ethylene-diamine-tetraacetic acid (ETDA) samples with and without bovine serum albumin (BSA) from 82 CLL patients. Group 1 adhered to NCCLS specifications for the preparations of EDTA blood films. Group 2 consisted of blood films containing EDTA and a 1:12 dilution of 22% BSA. Eight patients were selected for digital photomicroscopy and statistical analysis. Approximately 100 lymphocytes from each slide were digitally captured. RESULTS The mean cell area ± standard error was 127.8 ,m2 ± 1.42 for (n = 793) for group 1 versus 100.7 ,m2 ± 1.39 (n = 831) for group 2. The nuclear area was 88.9 ,m2 ± 0.85 for group 1 versus 76.4 ,m2 ± 0.83 for group 2. For the nuclear transmittance, the values were 97.6 ± 0.85 for group 1 and 104.1 ± 0.83 for group 2. The nuclear:cytoplasmic ratios were 0.71 ± 0.003 for group 1 and 0.78 ± 0.003 for group 2. All differences were statistically significant (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS BSA addition results in the reduction of atypical lymphocytes and a decrease in smudge cells. BSA also decreases the lymphocyte area and nuclear area, whereas nuclear transmittance and nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio are increased. A standardized method of slide preparation would allow accurate interlaboratory comparison. The use of BSA may permit better implementation of the blood film-based subclassification of CLL and lead to a better correlation of morphology with cytogenetics and immunophenotyping. Published 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] EQAS for peripheral blood morphology in Spain: a 6-year experienceINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LABORATORY HEMATOLOGY, Issue 6 2008G. GUTIÉRREZ Summary The Spanish haematology external quality assessment scheme (EQAS), established in 1984, is run by the Spanish Haematology and Haemotherapy Association (AEHH) [Quality Assurance in Health Care 3 (1991) 75] and functions to evaluate the quality and reproducibility of the assessment of diagnostic samples by clinical laboratories. The Hospital Clinic of the University of Barcelona (HCB) serves as the EQAS Coordination Centre and follows the guidelines established by the International Committee for Standardization in Haematology [Annali dell'Istituto superiore di Sanità 31 (1995) 95; International Journal of Hematology 68 (1998) 45]. During the period 2001,2006, replicates of 25 different blood films were sent to 604 EQAS participants for cell morphology evaluation. Some patient details corresponding to the samples were disclosed, such us age, sex, haemoglobin value and white blood cell count. The participants were asked to select up to four significant morphology features using a coding list, provided by the Coordination Centre, which included significant morphological alterations that appear in haematopoietic cells. For each survey, individual results were assessed against the morphological reference results (MRR) established by the Cytology Group of the AEHH (,true' answers). This paper describes the organization of the 6-year-long study and the evaluation of laboratory performance for blood smear interpretation by the Spanish haematology EQAS. Different performance levels were detected relative to the laboratory category. Laboratories providing services to hospitalized patients showed higher performances compared with laboratories providing services to nonhospitalized patients. Pathological lymphoid cells were the most difficult to identify by the participants. To improve the results in EQAS peripheral blood morphology, the development of specific cytology educational trainings is discussed. [source] Nitrite-Induced Methemoglobinaemia Affects Blood Ionized and Total Magnesium Level by Hydrolysis of Plasma Adenosine Triphosphate in RatBASIC AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY, Issue 5 2009Md. Mizanur Rahman This study was performed on male Sprague,Dawley rats to which NaNO2 was injected (10 mg/kg i.p.) to induce methemoglobinaemia. Methemoglobin (MetHb) in blood was measured before (0 min.) and after 10, 30, 60 and 120 min. of NaNO2 injection. At respective time points, the tMg2+, blood ions and gases were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry and ion selective electrode, respectively. Haematological parameters were checked by automatic blood cell count, and blood films were observed under light microscope. Plasma ATP was measured by bioluminescence assay using a luminometer, and plasma proteins were measured by an automatic analyser. Blood cell count (RBC, WBC and platelet), haematocrit, and haemoglobin were found to be decreased with the advancement of MetHb concentration. With the gradual increase of MetHb concentration, the plasma ATP decreased and blood iMg2+ and plasma tMg2+ increased significantly as time passed by in comparison with the pre-drug values. A significant decrease of the ratio of ionized calcium to iMg2+, Na+ and increase of K+ was observed. In conclusion, NaNO2 -induced methemoglobinaemia is a cause of hydrolysis of plasma ATP which is responsible for the increase of blood iMg2+ and plasma tMg2+ in rats. [source] Four new cases of stomatin-deficient hereditary stomatocytosis syndrome: association of the stomatin-deficient cryohydrocytosis variant with neurological dysfunctionBRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, Issue 6 2004Britta Fricke Summary This report concerns congenitally Na+,K+ leaky red cells of the ,hereditary stomatocytosis' class. Three new isolated cases and one new pedigree are described, and one previously reported case is expanded. In all cases, Western blotting of red cell membranes revealed a deficiency in the 32 kDa membrane protein, stomatin. All showed pronounced cation leaks at 37°C with markedly abnormal intracellular Na+ and K+ concentrations, like all other such stomatin-deficient cases. Consistent with recent findings in two previously described British pedigrees, immunocytochemistry demonstrated that the deficiency of stomatin was not complete. On typical blood films, some red cells showed positive stomatin immunoreactivity, while most were negative, although in one case only a minority were negative. All platelets and neutrophils were stomatin positive. The cases differed markedly between themselves with regard to the temperature dependence of the passive leak to K+. Three showed a simple monotonic temperature dependence, while two showed a minimum at around 20,25°C, such that the cells were extremely leaky at 0°C, giving the phenotype known as ,cryohydrocytosis'. These patients are the only two known cases of stomatin-deficient cryohydrocytosis. Both showed a congenital syndrome of mental retardation, seizures, cataracts and massive hepatosplenomegaly, probably defining a new haemato-neurological syndrome. [source] Congenital malaria in neonates: two case reports and review of the literatureACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 4 2008Gaelle Vottier Abstract, Congenital malaria is uncommon in nonendemic countries. We describe two cases involving neonates hospitalized with fever, anaemia and thrombocytopaenia. Thick and thin blood smears were positive for Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax) and P. ovale, respectively. These two cases were discussed regarding the literature and potential implications of HIV coinfection in the mother. Conclusion: Consistent data in the literature suggest that peripheral blood films should be performed in HIV-positive women who travelled to an endemic area or with a history of malaria prior to gestation. With today's travelling patterns, congenital malaria should be considered as an important differential diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. [source] Performance of the Now Malaria rapid diagnostic test with returned travellers: a 2-year retrospective study in a French teaching hospitalCLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION, Issue 11 2005F. Durand Abstract Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum remains the major life-threatening parasitic infection in the world. The number of cases in non-endemic countries continues to increase, and it is important that misdiagnosis of malaria should not occur, especially in non-immune travellers, because of the high risk of a fatal outcome. In a retrospective study of 399 sera, the Now Malaria rapid test was compared with the quantitative buffy coat (QBC) test and microbiological examination of thin blood films. Compared with the QBC test and thin blood films, the Now Malaria test had sensitivity and specificity values of 96.4% and 97%, respectively, for the detection of pure P. falciparum infection. A negative predictive value of 99.4% allows this test to be included in diagnostic strategies for patients presenting with clinical suspicion of malaria. Two false-negative results were associated with low levels of parasitaemia in the specimens. Thus, use of the Now Malaria test alone to detect P. falciparum infection in non-endemic countries could lead to misdiagnosis of malaria. This rapid diagnostic test should therefore be performed in association with another prompt traditional method such as examination of thin blood films. [source] | ||||||||||