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Blood Eosinophilia (blood + eosinophilia)
Kinds of Blood Eosinophilia Selected AbstractsEotaxin-1-regulated eosinophils have a critical role in innate immunity against experimental Brugia malayi infectionEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 1 2005Jonathan Abstract Using two models of filarial infection in which Brugia malayi microfilariae (Mf) are contained in distinct anatomical compartments, in blood or tissue sites, we have demonstrated a critical role for eotaxin-1 in parasite clearance. In the first model, implantation of adult B.,malayi into the peritoneal cavity of eotaxin-1,/, mice resulted in increased Mf survival associated with a dramatic reduction in peritoneal cavity eosinophilic infiltration. In the second model Mf were injected intravenously into eotaxin-1,/, mice; Mf clearance from the blood was more rapid than in wild-type mice and was associated with a pronounced blood eosinophilia, resulting from the inability of eosinophils to migrate to tissue sites in the absence of eotaxin-1. (Eotaxin-1 + IL-5),/, mice had extended Mf survival in the blood and significantly reduced blood eosinophil levels. Interestingly, rapid clearance of a secondary Mf infection following immunization was unaltered in either eotaxin-1,/, mice or (eotaxin-1 + IL-5),/, mice. Eosinophil peroxidase levels were high during primary, but not secondary infection, suggesting that eosinophil degranulation is important during primary Mf clearance. Thus, our data show that the presence of eosinophils is critical for innate clearance of B.,malayi Mf infection, whereas rapid clearance of secondary infections is independent of both eotaxin-1 and IL-5. [source] Gnathostomiasis: Import from LaosJOURNAL DER DEUTSCHEN DERMATOLOGISCHEN GESELLSCHAFT, Issue 5 2006Felix Hennies Creeping eruption; Gnathostomiasis; Wangenschwellung Summary Gnathostomiasis is a nematode infestation endemic in Southeast Asia, which can involve multiple organs including the liver, eyes, gastrointestinal tract and CNS. The most common manifestation is recurrent migratory subcutaneous swellings which can appear anywhere on the body and are accompanied by pruritus and systemic symptoms such as low-grade fever, loss of appetite and nausea. The diagnosis is based on the clinical picture, history of travel, peripheral blood eosinophilia and the determination of agent-specific antibody levels. The standard treatment is albendazole. We present a 37-year-old Laotian woman, who had lived in Germany for 17 years, but developed recurrent swelling of the cheek following a visit to Laos. Because of the typical clinical findings, the history of a visit to Laos, and the presence of specific anti- Gnathostoma antibodies on Western blot, the diagnosis of cutaneous gnathostomiasis was made. Zusammenfassung Die Gnathostomiasis ist eine hauptsächlich in Südost-Asien endemisch vorkommende Nematodenerkrankung, die zu einem Befall multipler Organe wie Leber, Auge, Gastrointestinaltrakt und zentralem Nervensystem führen kann. Am häufigsten kommt es jedoch zu rezidivierenden, wandernden, subkutanen Schwellungen, die am gesamten Körper auftreten können und häufig von Juckreiz und Allgemeinsymptomen wie leichtem Fieber, Appetitlosigkeit und Übelkeit begleitet werden. Die Diagnose wird anhand des klinischen Bildes, der Reiseanamnese, einer Bluteosinophilie sowie der Bestimmung Erreger-spezifischer Antikörper gestellt. Als medikamentöse Therapie hat sich das Anthelminthikum Albendazol bewährt. Vorgestellt wird eine 37-jährige, seit 17 Jahren in Deutschland lebende Patientin aus Laos, die seit einem Jahr nach Rückkehr von einem Besuch in ihrer alten Heimat unter rezidivierenden Wangenschwellungen litt. Anhand der typischen Klinik, der positiven Reiseanamnese sowie des Nachweises spezifischer Anti- Gnathostoma -Antikörper im Western-Blot wurde die Diagnose einer kutanen Gnathostomiasis gestellt. [source] Chromosome 8p11.2 translocations: Prevalence, FISH analysis for FGFR1 and MYST3, and clinicopathologic correlates in a consecutive cohort of 13 cases from a single institution,AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2010Mrinal M. Patnaik Chromosome 8p11.2 translocations result in diverse oncogenic fusion genes involving FGFR1 or MYST3. Among 24,262 unique patient cytogenetic studies performed at the Mayo Clinic, 8p11.2 translocations were identified in 14 cases (,0.06%). FISH analysis was performed in 13 patients (12 had myeloid neoplasms) and revealed abnormalities of MYST3 (n = 4) or FGFR1 (n = 4) in eight patients. MYST3 abnormalities were associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), M4 in three and M6 in one. Three of the four FGFR1 -rearranged cases were associated with myeloproliferative neoplasms but none, including the two with sole 8p11.2, displayed the typical phenotype for stem cell leukemia/lymphoma (SCLL) and only one had eosinophilia; the fourth case had AML-M4. FISH did not reveal FGFR1 involvement in the one patient with SCLL. We conclude that neither the SCLL phenotype nor blood eosinophilia is a consistent feature of FGFR1 -associated 8p11.2 translocations; conversely, FISH might not always reveal FGFR1 involvement in typical SCLL. Am. J. Hematol. 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Selective priming of peripheral blood eosinophils in patients with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome,APMIS, Issue 11 2006MARIA LAMPINEN The idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is characterised by blood eosinophilia associated with organ involvement. Elevated numbers of blood neutrophils have been observed during episodes of active HES. However, an increased responsiveness of eosinophils to chemotactic and chemokinetic stimuli may explain the selective eosinophil infiltration of the tissue. We have studied the migratory responses of blood eosinophils and neutrophils from 9 patients with HES and from 13 healthy control subjects. Chemokinetic and chemotactic responses to factors acting on both cell types were analysed by means of a modification of the Boyden chamber technique. We found increased migratory responses of the eosinophils, but not of the neutrophils, from the patients with HES. Increased blood neutrophil counts in three of the patients did not coincide with alterations of the neutrophil migratory responses. Our finding of increased migratory responses of eosinophils from patients with HES towards non-specific chemoattractants suggests selective priming of eosinophils in this disease. Interleukin (IL)-5 has previously been shown to prime eosinophils for migratory responses, and successful anti-IL-5 therapy of patients with HES indicates an important role for this cytokine in the development of hypereosinophilia. [source] Infection of mice with the helminth Strongyloides stercoralis suppresses pulmonary allergic responses to ovalbuminCLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGY, Issue 3 2001Chun-Chi Wang Asthma and helminth infections induce similar immune responses characterized by the presence of peripheral blood eosinophilia and elevated serum IgE levels. Epidemiological surveys have reported either increases or decreases in the development of atopic diseases and asthma based on the prevalence of helminth infections in the population. The aim of this study was to determine if a pre-existing helminth infection would increase or decrease subsequent allergic responses to an unrelated allergen in the lungs. BALB/cByJ mice were infected with the nematode parasite Strongyloides stercoralis prior to ovalbumin (OVA) immunization and intratracheal challenge. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and fluid (BALF) were collected 3 days post-challenge and cellular and humoral immune responses were measured. Intracellular cytokine staining revealed increased IL-4 and IL-5 producing cells in BAL from mice infected with S. stercoralis before OVA sensitization. Increased IL-5 protein levels and decreased IFN-, protein levels were also observed in the BALF. There was, however, no increase in airway eosinophil accumulation in mice infectd with parasites before sensitization with OVA as compared to mice exposed to OVA alone. Furthermore, eotaxin levels in the lungs induced by OVA was suppressed in mice infected with the parasite before OVA sensitization. The development of OVA specific IgE responses in BALF was also impaired in mice infected with the parasite before sensitization with OVA. These results suggest that a pre-existing helminth infection may potentiate a systemic Type 2-type response yet simultaneously suppress in the lungs allergen-specific IgE responses and eotaxin levels in response to subsequent exposure to allergens. [source] Persistent urticaria characterized by recurrent lasting urticarial erythema with histological features of prominent perivascular eosinophilic infiltrationCLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, Issue 5 2009H. Amano Summary We report a 29-year-old woman with a 15-year history of recurrent pruritic urticarial erythemas. The individual lesions lasted for > 24 h, and antihistaminic agents were not effective. Histological examination of a skin biopsy revealed interstitial oedema of the dermis and perivascular infiltration of numerous eosinophils without vasculitis. No internal organ involvement or peripheral blood eosinophilia was present. A diagnosis of persistent urticaria was made and the patient was successfully treated with oral corticosteroid therapy. Persistent urticaria has been described as an unusual reaction that lasts longer than typical urticaria. It is effectively treated with corticosteroids, but not with antihistaminic agents. In order to choose the most effective treatment, persistent urticaria should be recognized as a different clinical condition from typical urticaria. [source] Hypereosinophilic syndrome with various skin lesions and juvenile temporal arteritisCLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, Issue 5 2009K. Ito Summary Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a multisystem disease with a high mortality rate. It is characterized by peripheral blood eosinophilia and eosinophilic infiltration of the skin and many other organs. The commonest cutaneous features include erythematous pruritic maculopapules and nodules, angio-oedema or urticarial plaques. However, some case reports have indicated that eosinophilic cellulitis, cutaneous necrotizing eosinophilic vasculitis, Raynaud's phenomenon and digital gangrene may also occur as cutaneous features of HES. Juvenile temporal arteritis (JTA) of unknown cause is characterized by an asymptomatic nodule in the temporal artery area in young adults. Histologically, the lesion is characterized by a significant intimal thickening with moderate eosinophilic infiltrates, constriction or occlusion of the vascular lumen and absence of giant cells. We report a patient with HES presenting with eosinophilic cellulitis, Raynaud's phenomenon, digital gangrene and JTA. JTA may also be one of the features of HES. [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||