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Blood Bank (blood + bank)
Selected AbstractsSustained and stable hematopoietic donor-recipient mixed chimerism after unrelated cord blood transplantation for adult patients with severe aplastic anemiaEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, Issue 5 2005P. Mao Abstract:, We evaluated the engraftment of donor cells from unrelated cord blood into adult patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) and the outcome of allo-CBSCT (cord blood stem cell transplantation). Nine patients were conditioned with decreased dosage of immunosuppressive agents of CTX (60 mg/kg) and ALG (120 mg/kg). The prophylaxis of GVHD consisted of standard CsA and MTX. Patients have a media age of 25.3 yr (range: 15,37), and a median weight of 57.2 kg (range: 52.5,60) at the time of transplantation. Cord blood searches were all conducted at Guangzhou Cord Blood Bank. The engraftment state of the donor cells into recipients was confirmed by microsatellite DNA fingerprinting and fluorescent quantitative PCR analysis. Engrafted evidence has been found in seven patients involved by biomolecular analyses showing donor-recipient mixed chimerism post-transplant which was stable and persistent. After a median follow up of 32.2 months (range: 4,69), seven patients were alive and disease free. This study shows that durable donor-recipient stable mixed chimerism can be achieved by unrelated CBSCT in patients with SAA. Umbilical cord blood could be employed as a source of hematopoietic stem cell for adult transplantation. [source] Review of positive direct antiglobulin tests found on cord blood samplingJOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH, Issue 9-10 2005Dorothy Dinesh Until recently, all babies born in Wellington had umbilical cord blood sampling for direct antiglobulin test (DAT). It is considered to be an important test in identifying babies who are at risk of haemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN). Objective: The aim of this review was to examine the utility of positive DAT results and ascertain: , How many cases required phototherapy? , Were any babies readmitted for phototherapy? , Did the positive DAT influence the detection and treatment of HDN? Methods: The clinical records of all newborn babies found to have positive DATs by Wellington Hospital Blood Bank, over a 6-month period (January 2001,June 2001) were reviewed. Blood group serological results of all babies that received phototherapy during this period were also reviewed. Results: Ninety-four babies had a positive DAT, of which 22 (23%) received phototherapy. The incidence of a positive cord blood DAT was found to be 5.5%. In total, 1724 cord blood samples were analysed by Blood Bank over the first 6 months in 2001. Overall 145 babies received phototherapy, 117 were DAT-negative and six were not tested. Six of the 22 (27%) DAT-positive babies that received phototherapy were alerted by a positive DAT, leading to measurement of serum bilirubin (SBR). Twelve of the 22 (55%) were initially alerted by clinical jaundice, leading to measurement of SBR. Two DAT-positive cases were diagnosed antenatally, both were due to anti-D. Overall 10 babies were readmitted for phototherapy, two had a positive DAT. One baby received an exchange transfusion in addition to phototherapy. Two babies that received phototherapy had SBRs in the exchange transfusion range. Eighty-six per cent of the DAT-positive cases treated with phototherapy were due to anti-A. There were four cases of DAT-negative ABO HDN. Conclusions: The positive predictive value of a positive DAT for HDN is 23%. The sensitivity was estimated to be 86%. Ten babies required readmission for phototherapy, two of these were DAT-positive. Jaundice, rather than the positive DAT, was the first alert in the majority of cases of HDN requiring phototherapy. Recommendations for testing are discussed but remain controversial in practice. Assessment for hyperbilirubinaemia in all infants early in life is fundamental. [source] Systems for accreditation in blood transfusion servicesISBT SCIENCE SERIES: THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTRACELLULAR TRANSPORT, Issue 1 2009S. Hindawi Accreditation is a non-governmental, voluntary process that evaluates institutions, agencies, and educational programs. It is defined as the process whereby an agency or association grants public recognition to Institutes or Blood Banks for having met certain established standards as determined through initial and periodic evaluations that usually involve submitting a self-evaluation report, site inspection by a team of experts, and evaluation by an independent board or commission. To be accredited Institution and or Blood Transfusion Services should establish and maintain quality systems involving all activities that determine the quality policy objectives & responsibilities taking into account the principles of good manufacturing practice (GMP). There are many Established systems for accreditation which can help any institution to know its strengths, weaknesses and opportunities through an informed review process. Any assessment and subsequent accreditation is made with reference to a set of standards so that the standing of an institution can be compared with that of other similar institutions. In summery the accreditation is a continuous process for improvement of quality and safety of participating institutes or facilities and we should encourage all health institutes to be involved in one or another system for accreditation. There is a need for a local or regional accreditation system for health institutes especially for blood transfusion services to help in the development and improvement of the quality of their services. [source] A support group for patients who have recovered from thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-hemolytic uremic syndrome (TTP-HUS): The six-year experience of the Oklahoma TTP-HUS Study GroupJOURNAL OF CLINICAL APHERESIS, Issue 1 2003Mark A. Howard Abstract A support group for patients who have recovered from thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-hemolytic uremic syndrome (TTP-HUS), named The Oklahoma TTP-HUS Study Group, has been a successful program for 6 years. This group has met 3 times each year with an average attendance of 16 former patients; in addition, an average of 14 family members and friends have attended each meeting. Eighty-four percent of patients who attended a meeting were women as compared to 68% women among those who did not attend (P = 0.016). Twenty-three percent of patients who attended a meeting have relapsed as compared to 8% among those who did not attend (P = 0.006). There was also a difference in the rates of attendance among the different clinical categories of patients (P < 0.001). A survey of former patients, as well as their families and friends, documented that interest in learning more about TTP-HUS and talking with other people who have had TTP-HUS were principal motivations for attending the meetings. The meetings of The Oklahoma TTP-HUS Study Group have been successful not only for support of former patients but also for research. Long-term patient follow-up has been facilitated and the group discussions have revealed previously unreported persistent problems with cognitive ability and endurance. A survey of member centers of the American Association of Blood Banks and America's Blood Centers revealed no similar programs for patients who have recovered from TTP-HUS. The absence of a support group for TTP-HUS in the national survey contrasts to the 274 patient support groups and related wellness/education classes, including some for rare disorders, currently active in the Oklahoma City metropolitan area. The experience of The Oklahoma TTP-HUS Study Group suggests that it serves a previously unmet need. J. Clin. Apheresis 18:16,20, 2003. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Detection of Leishmania infantum by real-time PCR in a canine blood bankJOURNAL OF SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE, Issue 7 2008M. D. Tabar Objectives: Risk for transmission of Leishmania infantum from blood products has been largely demonstrated in human and veterinary literature. Appropriate screening of canine blood donors is important especially in an endemic area such as Barcelona (Spain). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of L infantum DNA parasites by real-time quantitative PCR in our canine blood bank. Methods: Samples from blood products obtained from 92 canine blood donors were assayed for L infantum by means of real-time PCR amplification and quantification. Results: The prevalence of quantitative PCR-positive blood samples among healthy seronegative blood donors was 19·6 per cent. Clinical Significance: The results of this study show that L infantum infection is common in canine blood donors and their blood products in an endemic area, despite a negative commercial serological screening for infectious diseases. Therefore, screening by PCR should be included in an integrated approach to evaluate L infantum infection among potential blood donors. [source] Anti-HCV and HCV-RNA prevalence and clinical correlations in cases with non-Hodgkin's lymphomaAMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY, Issue 2 2003Semra Paydas Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an RNA virus in the Flaviviridae family. It displays lymphotropism in addition to hepatotropism and extrahepatic manifestations are very well known. There are many studies showing an association between HCV infection and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL). In this study the evidence for HCV infection was studied in cases with NHL. To this end, anti-HCV antibody and HCV-RNA were screened in serum samples of cases with NHL using third-generation ELISA and RT-PCR. Anti-HCV antibody was studied in 223 patients and was found to be positive in 18 cases (8.1%). Anti-HCV antibody positivity was compared with our blood bank / blood donor population. There was an important increased risk of HCV infection,the common odds ratio was 34.56 and corrected odds ratio was 19.07. HCV-RNA was studied in 67 of 223 serum samples. HCV-RNA was found to be positive in 21 of 67 samples (31.3%). When compared with clinico-demographic parameters for anti-HCV and HCV-RNA, including age, nodal status, and grade (in evaluable cases), except age in cases with or without HCV-RNA, we did not find an important correlation with HCV status and clinical findings (P = 0.155; 0.442; 0.288 for anti-HCV and 0.027; 0,558; 0.126, respectively). These results suggest that HCV infection may be an important risk factor for lymphomagenesis and HCV-RNA is more useful for the detection of HCV infection in these immunosuppressed cases. Simultaneous detection of anti-HCV and HCV-RNA will be more informative in this population. Am. J. Hematol. 74:89,93, 2003. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Association of Unexplained Infertility with Gonadotropin and Ovarian AntibodiesAMERICAN JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 5-6 2006Seerin V. Shatavi Problem, To determine the prevalence and characteristics of gonadotropin autoantibodies (GAB) associated with unexplained infertility, and to assess the relationship between ovarian autoantibodies (OVAB) and GAB. Method of study, Ovarian antibodies and GABs in sera of patients with unexplained infertility (n = 53) and a comparison (population) group from a blood bank (n = 40) were detected by immunoassay. Patients with unexplained infertility had either no prior gonadotropin treatment (n = 15) or two or more gonadotropin cycles to induce ovulation (n = 38). Results, The GABs were detected in 67% of women with treatment, 27% of women without treatment and 8% of women in the population. The GABs recognized follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) and their alpha and beta subunits and to a lesser extent thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin. There was no significant difference in OVAB prevalence between gonadotropin treated or untreated women while GABs were significantly more frequent in gonadotropin treated women (P , 0.01). Conclusion, Gonadotropin antibodies may represent a separate marker of ovarian autoimmunity in unexplained infertility as they are correlated with OVAB and are present in patients not treated with gonadotropin. However, as a higher frequency of GAB is associated with gonadotropin treatment, patients with ovarian autoimmunity may tend to have an immune response to gonadotropins in addition to an endocrine response. [source] Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in the Asia,Pacific regionJOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY, Issue 2000Chien-Jen Chen There is a wide variation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in the Asia,Pacific region. The prevalence of chronic HBV infection is lowest (< 1%) in North America, Australia and New Zealand, 2,4% in Japan, 5,18% in China and highest (15,20%) in Taiwan as well as several other countries in South East Asia. Perinatal transmission is common in HBV-hyperendemic areas. Geographical clusters of horizontal HBV infection have been reported in both high- and low-risk countries. Common sources of infection, including iatrogenic and sexual transmission, have been implicated. Migrant studies indicate the importance of childhood environments in the determination of HBV infection. Rural,urban and ethnic differences in the prevalence of HBV infection have also been reported. There has been a decrease in the prevalence of HBV infection after mass HBV vaccination programmes in some Asia, Pacific countries, which may be due to the intervention of possible transmission routes through the use of disposable syringes and needles, screening of HBV infection markers in blood banks, and prevention of high-risk tattooing, acupuncture, ear-piercing and sexual contact. A striking decrease in the incidence of HBV infection and hepatocellular carcinoma has been observed among children in Taiwan and other areas where mass vaccination programmes have been implemented. [source] The Circulatory System: Blood Procurement, AIDS, and the Social Body in ChinaMEDICAL ANTHROPOLOGY QUARTERLY, Issue 2 2006Kathleen Erwin The market for blood thrived in China for more than a decade, preying on rural villagers desperate for cash. Profit motives and unhygienic collection created an AIDS epidemic, where now up to 80 percent of adults in some villages are HIV infected. Today, illegal blood banks continue to operate in some areas. Moreover, better screening and blood testing do little to address the underlying cultural reluctance to give blood. This article examines what is at stake for blood donors in the circulation of blood through both the physical and the social bodies in China today. I argue that public health and social policy solutions require consideration of the symbolic meanings of blood and the body, kin relations, and gift exchange. China's HIV-contaminated blood procurement crisis demands a critical reexamination of the hidden processes embedded in a "circulatory system" that has inseparably bound the "gift of life" and a "commodity of death." [source] Clinical impact of blood storage lesions,AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY, Issue 2 2010Abba C. Zubair Recent reports suggest that transfusion of old red blood cell (RBC) units (>2 weeks) was associated with increased risks of postoperative complications and higher mortality rate caught public attention (Yap et al., Ann Thorac Surg 2008; 86:554,559 and Koch et al., 2008; 358:1229,1239). This rekindled the decades old discussion regarding the impact of RBC aging and storage lesions in patient care. The objectives of this review are to provide readers with an overview of the process of banking RBC that may have an impact on its quality, the reported clinical impact of storage lesions, the consequences of transfusing new RBC units only to the nation's blood supply and potential solutions that may improve the feasibility of blood banks to issue new blood units only. Am. J. Hematol., 2010. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Transplantation of ABO Group A2 Kidneys from Living Donors into Group O and B Recipients,AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 3 2001John B. Sorensen Fifteen blood group O and B recipients have been transplanted with kidneys from subtype A2 living donors since April 1992. ABO red cell grouping was performed by local licensed blood banks with A2 subtype determined using an anti-A1 lectin and, retrospectively, by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based molecular method. All grafts functioned immediately and no patient has required dialysis. Three patients each experienced one reversible rejection episode. With the exception of one cardiac death at 9 months and one patient with profound toxicity to calcineurin inhibitors, all allografts continue to function normally. One donor, mistyped as a group A2 using lectin, was by PCR typing an A1O1 nonsecretor; the graft continues to function normally at 30 months. Transplantation of living donor A2 renal allografts into non-A recipients produces excellent long-term allograft survival and expands the potential living donor pool for nonblood group A recipients. [source] | ||||||||||