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Binary Logistic Regression Analysis (binary + logistic_regression_analysis)
Selected AbstractsEffect of betel chewing, tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption on oral submucous fibrosis: a case,control study in Sri LankaJOURNAL OF ORAL PATHOLOGY & MEDICINE, Issue 4 2006A. Ariyawardana Background:, Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic, insidious, disabling potentially malignant condition of the oral mucosa seen predominantly in south and Southeast Asia. No reports are hitherto available on the aetiological factors of OSMF based on Sri Lankan patients. Methods:, A total of 74 patients with OSMF and 74 controls who consecutively attended the Oral Medicine clinic at the Dental Hospital (Teaching) Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka were included in the study. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to model the influence of betel chewing, smoking and alcohol use and to determine the effects of different combinations of chewing habits on OSMF. Results:, Betel chewing was the only significantly associated factor in the aetiology of OSMF (OR = 171.83, 95% CI: 36.35,812.25). There were no interaction effects of chewing, smoking and alcohol consumption in the causation of OSMF. Conclusion:, The present study has shown a strong association of betel quid chewing (including tobacco as an ingredient) with the causation of OSMF. [source] Lateralising Value of Neuropsychological Protocols for Presurgical Assessment of Temporal Lobe EpilepsyEPILEPSIA, Issue 3 2003Nozomi Akanuma Summary: ,Purpose: To estimate the value of neuropsychological measurements in determining the side of seizure onset for presurgical assessment in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. The lateralising value of neuropsychological protocols was evaluated for all patients and in subpopulations depending on surgical outcome with regard to seizure control, speech dominance, neuropathology, and need for intracranial EEG recordings. Methods: A battery of neuropsychological procedures was carried out preoperatively in 125 patients who underwent left (n = 66) or right (n = 59) temporal lobectomies. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to find sets of variables that allowed the best prediction of the side of seizure onset (assumed to be the operated-on side). Results: Combinations of noninvasive neuropsychological tests and Wada subscores showed the highest lateralising values: 80.8% for all patients, 79.4% in seizure-free patients, 86.0% in patients not rendered seizure free, 85.7% in left speech patients, 77.8% in non,left speech patients, 89.3% in patients with mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS), 78.1% in non-MTS patients, 80.3% in patients who underwent intracranial EEG recordings, and 77.3% in those who did not. Conclusions: The lateralising value (80-90%) of neuropsychological protocols appears similar to that of other tests widely accepted for lateralisation (ictal and interictal scalp EEG and neuroimaging). Attention should be paid to neuropsychological results, particularly from the Wada test, during presurgical assessment of temporal lobe epilepsy, as they can provide strong support for findings from other lateralising tests, particularly in patients with presumed MTS or in left-speech patients. [source] Apolipoprotein B-associated cholesterol is a determinant of treatment outcome in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection receiving anti-viral agents interferon-alpha and ribavirinALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, Issue 12 2009D. A. SHERIDAN Summary Background, Hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-opts very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) pathways for replication, secretion and entry into hepatocytes and associates with apolipoprotein B (apoB) in plasma. Each VLDL contains apoB-100 and variable amounts of apolipoproteins E and C, cholesterol and triglycerides. Aim, To determine whether baseline lipid levels predicted treatment outcome. Methods, Retrospective analysis was performed of 250 chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients who had received anti-viral agents interferon-alpha and ribavirin; 165 had a sustained virological response (SVR). Pre- and post-treatment nonfasting lipid profiles were measured and non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol (i.e. apoB-associated) was calculated. Binary logistic regression analysis assessed factors independently associated with treatment outcome. Results, There was an independent association between higher apoB-associated cholesterol (non-HDL-C) and increased odds of SVR (odds ratio 2.09, P = 0.042). In multivariate analysis, non-HDL-C was significantly lower in HCV genotype 3 (g3) than genotype 1 (P = 0.007); this was reversible upon eradication of HCVg3 (pre-treatment non-HDL-C = 2.8 mmol/L, SVR = 3.6 mmol/L, P < 0.001). Conclusions, Higher apoB-associated cholesterol is positively associated with treatment outcome in CHC patients receiving anti-viral therapy, possibly due to competition between apoB-containing lipoproteins and infectious low-density HCV lipo-viral particles for hepatocyte entry via shared lipoprotein receptors. [source] Prediction of cure and risk of hypothyroidism in patients receiving 131I for hyperthyroidismCLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY, Issue 1 2009K. Boelaert Summary Context, There is little consensus regarding the most appropriate dose of radioiodine (131I) to be administered to patients with hyperthyroidism. Objective, To compare the efficacy of fixed dose regimens of 131I in curing hyperthyroidism and to define simple clinical and biochemical factors that predict outcome in individual patients. Design, Consecutive series of hyperthyroid subjects treated with 131I. Setting, Single Secondary/Tertiary Care Hospital Clinic. Participants, A total of 1278 patients (1013 females and 262 males, mean age 49·7 years) presenting with hyperthyroidism between 1984 and 2006. Intervention, Treatment with 131I using a fixed dose regimen. Main outcome measures, Probability of cure and risk of development of hypothyroidism following a single dose of 131I. Results, Patients given a single dose of 131I of 600 MBq (n = 485) had a higher cure rate (84·1%) compared with those receiving either 370 MBq (74·9%, P < 0·001) or those given 185 Bq (63%, P < 0·001). An increased incidence of hypothyroidism by 1 year was evident with higher doses (600 MBq: 60·4%; 370 MBq: 49·2%, P = 0·001; 185 Bq: 38·1%, P < 0·001). Binary logistic regression analysis identified a 600 Bq dose of 131I [adjusted odds ratio, AOR 3·33 (2·28,4·85), P < 0·001], female gender [AOR 1·75 (1·23,2·47), P = 0·002], lower presenting serum free T4 concentration [AOR 1·01 (1·01,1·02), P < 0·001] and absence of a palpable goitre [AOR 3·33 (2·00,5·56), P < 0·001] to be independent predictors of cure. Similarly, a 600 MBq dose [AOR 3·79 (2·66,5·38), P < 0·001], female gender [AOR 1·46 (1·05,2·02), P = 0·02], younger age [AOR 1·03 (1·02,1·04), P < 0·001], absence of a palpable goitre [AOR 3·85 (2·38,5·88), P < 0·001] and presence of ophthalmopathy [AOR 1·57 (1·06,2·31), P = 0·02] were identified as independent factors predicting the probability of development of hypothyroidism at one year. Based on these findings, formulae to indicate probability of cure and risk of hypothyroidism for application to individual patients were derived. Conclusions, Simple clinical/biochemical criteria can be used to predict outcome after 131I treatment. These factors determine that males, those with severe biochemical hyperthyroidism, and those with a palpable goitre require larger doses (600 MBq) in order to achieve cure. [source] Factors affecting the distribution patterns of zebra and wildebeest in a resource-stressed environmentAFRICAN JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY, Issue 1 2010Rosemary Groom Abstract Understanding the spatial dynamics of landscape use by free-ranging herbivores is integral for successful ecosystem management. We used binary logistic regression analyses to determine the relative importance of biotic, abiotic and human factors in influencing the distribution (presence/absence) of wild grazers on two Maasai ranches in Kenya's Amboseli-Tsavo ecosystem. Both ranches had low grass biomass and suffered from regular droughts. We found that grazers consistently located themselves where grass biomass was highest, usually irrespective of grass quality, suggesting that forage quantity may be the limiting factor where grass biomass is generally low. The availability of surface water had no significant effect on the likelihood of grazers being present, even in the dry season. Résumé La bonne compréhension de la dynamique spatiale de l'utilisation du paysage par les herbivores qui paissent en liberté fait partie intégrante de la gestion réussie d'un écosystème. Nous avons employé des analyses de régression logistique binaire pour déterminer l'importance relative des facteurs biotiques, abiotiques et humains dans l'influence sur la distribution (présence/absence) d'herbivores sauvages sur deux ranches masaï de l'écosystème Amboseli-Tsavo, au Kenya. Les deux ranches avaient une faible biomasse herbeuse et souffraient de sécheresses régulières. Nous avons découvert que les herbivores brouteurs se trouvaient de façon constante là où la biomasse herbeuse était la plus grande, sans tenir compte, d'habitude, de la qualité de l'herbe; ceci suggère que la quantité de fourrage pourrait être le facteur imitant là où la biomasse herbeuse est généralement faible. La disponibilité de l'eau de surface n'avait pas d'effet significatif sur la probabilité de la présence des herbivores, même en saison sèche. [source] The incidence of intra-operative awareness during general anesthesia in China: a multi-center observational studyACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 7 2009L. XU Background: The incidence of awareness in patients undergoing general anesthesia is 0.1,0.2% in Western countries. The medical literatures about awareness during general anesthesia are still rare in China, but some previous studies have reported a higher incidence (1.4,6%) of intra-operative awareness. To find out the reason why the incidence reported in China is much higher than that in Western countries, we performed a prospective, multicenter, non-randomized observational study to determine the true incidence of intra-operative awareness in China. Methods: This is a prospective, non-randomized descriptive cohort study that was conducted at 25 academic medical centers in China. Eleven thousand one hundred and eighty-five patients were interviewed by research staff for evaluation of awareness at the first and fourth day after general anesthesia with muscle relaxation. An independent blinded committee evaluated the responses and determined whether awareness occurred. Necessary data were collected for a binary logistic regression analysis. Results: Data from 11,101 patients were presented. Forty-six cases (0.41%) were reported as definite awareness and 47 additional cases (0.41%) as possible awareness. Three hundred and fifty-five patients (3.19%) had dreams during general anesthesia. Awareness was associated with increased American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status, a previous anesthesia, and anesthesia methods of total intravenous anesthesia. Conclusion: The incidence of intra-operative awareness in China is approximately 0.41%, two to three times higher than that widely cited in Western countries. Inappropriately light anesthesia, and the population proportion of surgery and general anesthesia in China may account for the difference. (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier, NCT00693875.) [source] Metabolic risk factors associated with erosive esophagitisJOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY, Issue 8 2009Chian-Sem Chua Abstract Background and Aim:, Our aim was to determine associations between metabolic risk factors and erosive esophagitis. Methods:, In this retrospective case-control study, diagnosis of erosive esophagitis was based on the Los Angeles classification. Endoscopic findings in subjects with erosive esophagitis were reviewed by two experienced endoscopists and those with agreement of diagnosis were enrolled for study. Body mass index (BMI), abdominal girdle, blood pressure, and serum triglyceride, glucose, and ,-lipoprotein levels were compared between individuals with and without erosive esophagitis. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent metabolic risk factors associated with erosive esophagitis. Results:, Between October 2004 and April 2006, 518 of 4206 subjects who underwent endoscopic examination were diagnosed as having erosive esophagitis. After expert review, 427 (male : female = 365:62) individuals met the study criteria of having erosive esophagitis (10.5%). Compared with age- and gender-matched controls, patients with erosive esophagitis had significantly higher BMI, abdominal girdle, blood pressure, and triglyceride levels, and lower levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (P < 0.05). More subjects with metabolic syndrome had erosive esophagitis than without metabolic syndrome (OR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.27,2.44, P = 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that central obesity (OR: 1.41, 95% CI: 05-1.89, P = 0.023) and hypertriglyceridemia (OR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.19,2.13, P = 0.004) were significantly associated with erosive esophagitis. Conclusions:, Obesity and hypertriglyceridemia, which are key components of metabolic syndrome, are moderate independent risk factors for erosive esophagitis. [source] Association of tightly locked occlusion with temporomandibular disordersJOURNAL OF ORAL REHABILITATION, Issue 3 2007M.-Q. WANG summary, The association between teeth loss and temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is still inconclusive. A kind of secondary changes of the occlusion after teeth lose called the tightly locked occlusion (TLO), defined as the occluding contact that delivers angled occlusal force on the drifted neighbour and/or the tipped antagonists of the lost posterior teeth, was hypothesized to be association with TMD. The study aimed at investigating the association between the TLO and TMD. A total of 113 posterior-teeth losing patients, 64 with TMD symptoms (group of TMD) and 49 without (group of TMD-Free) were included. Study casts and joint radiographs were made to diagnose the TLO and joint morphological changes. The simultaneous contribution of the potential variables of gender, age, tooth losing number, the TLO, joint symmetry and signs of osteoarthrosis shown on radiographs were tested through binary logistic regression analysis. In women, the TLO entered into logistic model, and had an effect on the incidence of TMD (P = 0·008). The odds ratio of with-TLO versus without-TLO is 2·6 (95% CI: 1·2, 5·8) after controlling for the effect of gender. Age, tooth lose number, joint asymmetry or osseous changes had no effect on the incidence of TMD. The tightly locked occlusion is associated with some signs and symptoms of TMD. Randomized controlled trials will be needed in further studies to test the hypothesis that treatment of a TLO, as defined in the present study, will have a beneficial effect on the signs and symptoms of TMD. [source] Parkinson's disease, stroke, and related epidemiologyMOVEMENT DISORDERS, Issue 11 2005Andrew Nataraj MD Abstract We investigated the prevalence of cerebrovascular disease and other comorbidities in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients compared to the general population. Five hundred PD patients were chosen randomly from one author's (A.H.R.) database. Age- and sex-matched controls were derived from 270 patients with essential tremor from the same database and from 490 patients in a general practitioner's database. Age, hypertensive status, smoking status, coronary artery disease, orthostatic hypotension, diabetes mellitus, and symptomatic cerebrovascular disease (stroke or transient ischemic attack) were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson ,2 testing and binary logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of coronary artery disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and orthostatic hypotension was similar among groups. The PD group had more patients who never smoked and less current smokers than the other groups. While there were similar frequencies of symptomatic cerebrovascular disease among groups, the prevalence of stroke was lower in PD patients. This difference disappeared upon stratification into groups based on smoking status and in the addition of smoking as a covariate in the multivariate analysis. Diminished smoking in PD patients likely plays a role in our finding of decreased stroke in patients with PD. Increased access to appropriate neurological care and subsequent prevention of stroke after a warning transient ischemic attack may also play a role, as may diminished levels of excitotoxic neurotransmitters in PD patients. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society [source] Religious transnationalism among Ghanaian immigrants in Toronto: a binary logistic regression analysisTHE CANADIAN GEOGRAPHER/LE GEOGRAPHE CANADIEN, Issue 3 2008JOSEPH MENSAH immigration; analyse logistique; transnationalisme religieux; Toronto Thanks to pioneering work within anthropology, students of international migration acknowledge that most immigrants do not sever their ties with the homeland, but rather maintain them through a variety of cross-border relationships. While scholarly work has proliferated, since the early 1990s, over the transnational economic and political activities of immigrants, to date, only few analysts have examined the religious practices with which immigrants sustain memberships in multiple locations. In addition, most available studies on transnational migration has dwelled on qualitative methods, such as participant observation, focus groups discussions and in-depth interviews with a handful of informants, with little or no inclination towards the quantitative measurement of key variables implicated in the process. The prevalence of ethnographic methods in this area of research has, quite understandably, engendered charges of exaggeration, given the tendency of such techniques ,to sample on the dependent variable', to borrow the phrase of Alejandro Portes. Using data collected from a survey among Ghanaian immigrant congregations in Toronto, this study seeks to statistically predict the propensity to engage in transnational religious practices by way of a binary logistic regression analysis. In addition, the study examines how the transnational religious activities of the sampled immigrants relate to, overlap with, and differ from other kinds of transnational practices they pursue. Le transnationalisme religieux chez les immigrants ghanéens de Toronto: une analyse de régression logistique binaire Grâce à des travaux pionniers en anthropologie, les étudiants qui s'intéressent à la migration internationale reconnaissent aujourd'hui que la plupart des immigrants ne vont pas rompre les liens avec leur terre d'origine mais, au contraire, les renforcer par un éventail de relations transfrontalières. Si les travaux universitaires portant sur les activités économiques et politiques transfrontalières des immigrants sont en plein essor depuis le début des années 1990, peu d'études ont abordé les pratiques religieuses par lesquelles les immigrants conservent leur adhésion à une multitude d'endroits. De plus, l'essentiel des études disponibles sur la migration transnationale insistent sur les méthodes qualitatives telles que l'observation participante, la tenue de groupes de discussion et les entrevues en profondeur auprès de quelques informateurs. Les variables principales comprises dans ce processus n'ont pas vraiment fait l'objet d'une évaluation quantitative. Les méthodes ethnographiques prédominent dans ce domaine de recherche, à qui on reproche d'être tombé dans l'exagération. Dans cette étude, les données recueillies à partir d'entrevues réalisées auprès d'immigrants ghanéens dans les congrégations de Toronto sont utilisées dans une analyse de régression logistiques binaire pour faire des prédictions statistiques sur la propension à s'engager dans des pratiques religieuses transnationales. De plus, cette étude examine comment les activités religieuses transnationales des immigrants compris dans l'échantillon s'apparentent, se superposent et se différencient par rapport aux autres types de pratiques transnationales auxquelles ils se livrent. [source] Pharmacogenetic interactions of three candidate gene polymorphisms with ACE-inhibitors or ,-blockers and the risk of atherosclerosisBRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Issue 1 2007H. Schelleman What is already known about this subject ,,To our knowledge, there are no prior studies which investigate whether there is a drug,gene interaction between the three genes involved in the renin,angiotensin system and ACE-inhibitor therapy or ,-blocker therapy with these subclinical measurements of atherosclerosis. ,,Some studies have found an effect on blood pressure or stroke/myocardial infarction, although the results are not conclusive. What this study adds ,,The results do not indicate the presence of a strong drug,gene interaction between the use of ACE-inhibitors or ,-blockers and the ACE insertion/deletion, AGT M235T or AGTR1573C/T polymorphism on the overall risk of atherosclerosis. Aims To investigate whether the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D), angiotensinogen M235T or angiotensin II receptor type 1 573C/T polymorphism modify the risk of atherosclerosis associated with ,-blocker or ACE-inhibitor therapy. Methods Data were used from the Rotterdam Study, a population-based prospective cohort study in the Netherlands, which started in 1990 and included 7983 subjects of , 55 years. In this study, 2216 subjects with hypertension were included. Three subclinical measurements were used for atherosclerosis, i.e. peripheral arterial disease, carotid atherosclerosis and aortic atherosclerosis. The interaction between antihypertensive drugs and genetic polymorphisms on the risk of atherosclerosis was determined with binary logistic regression analysis. Results The risk of aortic atherosclerosis associated with long-term (,4 years) ,-blocker treatment compared with no use of ,-blockers was higher in subjects with the TT genotype than in subjects with the MM genotype of the AGT gene [synergy index (SI) = 3.36; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14, 9.97]. The risk of carotid atherosclerosis associated with long-term ACE-inhibitor treatment compared with no use of ACE-inhibitors was lower in subjects with the TT genotype than in subjects with the MM genotype of the AGT gene (SI = 0.20; 95% CI 0.04, 0.95). Conclusion Overall, the risk of atherosclerosis in hypertensives taking a ,-blocker or ACE-inhibitor-based regimen was not strongly modified by any of the three candidate gene polymorphisms. [source] Blood interleukin 12 as preoperative predictor of fatal postoperative sepsis after neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy,BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY (NOW INCLUDES EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY), Issue 10 2006A. R. Novotny Introduction: The value of preoperative whole-blood interleukin (IL) 12 levels in predicting death from postoperative sepsis was evaluated, in patients stratified by underlying malignancy, neoadjuvant tumour treatment and surgical procedure. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 1444 patients before major surgery. Whole blood was incubated with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and IL-12 production in supernatants was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The prognostic impact of ability to synthesize IL-12 before surgery was investigated in patient subgroups with respect to sepsis-related mortality using multivariate binary logistic regression analysis. Results: IL-12 synthesizing capability in patients who survived sepsis was significantly higher than that in patients who developed fatal sepsis (P = 0·006). In multivariate analysis only IL-12 was associated with a lethal outcome from postoperative sepsis (P = 0·006). The prognostic impact of IL-12 was evident in patients with underlying malignancy (P = 0·011) and in those who had undergone neoadjuvant tumour treatment (P = 0·008). When patients were analysed according to the type of neoadjuvant therapy, preoperative ability to synthesize IL-12 had a significant prognostic impact in patients who had neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (P = 0·026), but not in those who had neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusion: IL-12 production after stimulation of whole blood with LPS appears to be useful for the preoperative assessment of risk of sepsis-related death after operation in patients who have undergone neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy. Copyright © 2006 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||