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Young Adolescents (young + adolescent)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	50%
Psychology	25%

Selected Abstracts

"But Others Do It!": Do Misperceptions of Schoolmate Alcohol and Marijuana Use Predict Subsequent Drug Use Among Young Adolescents?

JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 4 2007
Jaana Juvonen
We examined the effects of perceived prevalence of drug use among same-age peers on adolescents' subsequent drug use. In 7th grade, participants estimated prevalence of alcohol and marijuana use among 7th -grade students in their school, reported own use of these drugs, receipt of offers to use these drugs, and frequency of contact with peers who use these drugs. In 8th grade, participants reported their frequency of alcohol and marijuana use. Although perceived prevalence of drug use predicted subsequent alcohol and marijuana use when controlling for actual prevalence, these effects disappeared once participants' prior levels of drug use and proximal peer contacts were considered. Implications of findings for intervention programs aiming solely to increase accuracy of perceived prevalence estimates are discussed. [source]

Determinants of Online Privacy Concern and Its Influence on Privacy Protection Behaviors Among Young Adolescents

JOURNAL OF CONSUMER AFFAIRS, Issue 3 2009
SEOUNMI YOUN
With Rogers' protection motivation theory as the theoretical framework, this study identified determinants of young adolescents' level of privacy concerns, which, in turn, affects their resultant coping behaviors to protect privacy. Survey data from 144 middle school students revealed that perceived risks of information disclosure increased privacy concerns, whereas perceived benefits offered by information exchange decreased privacy concerns. Subsequently, privacy concerns had an impact on risk-coping behaviors such as seeking out interpersonal advice or additional information (e.g., privacy statement) or refraining from using Web sites that ask for personal information. Counter to our expectation, privacy self-efficacy did not appear to be related to privacy concerns. Implications of privacy education to protect online privacy among young adolescents were discussed. [source]

Young adolescents' use of medicine for headache: sources of supply, availability and accessibility at home,

PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY, Issue 4 2008
Bjørn E. Holstein Mag.
Abstract Objective Use of medicines for headache is common among young adolescents but little is known about their sources of supply and access to medicines. The purpose was to describe sources of supply, availability and accessibility at home and to examine if supply, availability and accessibility were associated with medicine use. Methods Cross-sectional study in eight schools where all fifth and seventh grade students (11- and 13-year-olds) answered a questionnaire about socio-demographic factors, health and medicine use. Response rate: 84.0%, n,=,595. Results The reported prevalence of headache at least monthly was 45.0%, and 42.5% had used medicines for headache during the past month. 68.2% reported that medicines for headache were always available at home, and 22.2% were allowed to use these without asking for permission. Most pupils received medicine from their parents (73.1%) and physicians (25.4%). Smaller proportions had received medicine from school nurses, teachers, friends and others; 11.6% mentioned at least three sources of supply. Pupils with frequent episodes of headache reported more sources of supply and higher availability and accessibility at home. OR for medicine use among children who mentioned three or more sources of supply was 4.53 (95% CI 2.63,7.83) in a multivariate model controlled for sex, age and prevalence of headache. Use of medicine was also associated with availability at home (OR,=,1.51, 1.01,2.27) and accessibility (OR,=,2.49, 1.57,3.93). Conclusion Medicine use for headache among children and young adolescents is common and control of access may be the key issue for safe medicine use. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Type 2 diabetes in adolescence , unearthed at the time of registration with the general practitioner (GP)

PRACTICAL DIABETES INTERNATIONAL (INCORPORATING CARDIABETES), Issue 8 2000
GYT Ng
Abstract Type 2 diabetes, or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), is often considered to be a diagnosis of adulthood. We present a 13 year old boy who was noted to have glycosuria on routine general practitioner (GP) urine testing. Clinical examination upon referral showed massive obesity, hypertension and prominent acanthosis nigricans, and investigations confirmed hyperinsulinaemia and hyperglycaemia. Metformin and a programme of weight reduction comprise the management of this young adolescent with type 2 diabetes. Such early diagnosis should permit the institution of appropriate management to avoid the early emergence of the complications of type 2 diabetes. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Longitudinal study of parental movie restriction on teen smoking and drinking in Germany

ADDICTION, Issue 10 2008
Reiner Hanewinkel
ABSTRACT Aims To determine if adolescents who report that their parents restrict viewing movies based on rating have a lower risk of trying smoking and drinking alcohol in the future. Design Prospective observational study. A cohort of 2110 German adolescents younger than 15 years who had never smoked or drunk alcohol at baseline were surveyed 12,13 months later to determine smoking and binge drinking initiation. Risk of substance use was assessed as a function of parental restriction on viewing FSK-16 movies (movies that only those aged 16 years and over would be allowed to see in theaters). Findings The percentage of students who tried smoking was 16.3%, 10.9% initiated binge drinking and 5.0% used both substances during the follow-up period. There was a significant effect of parental movie restriction on each substance use outcome measure after controlling for covariates. Compared with adolescents whose parents never allowed them to view FSK-16 movies, the adjusted relative risk [(RR) (95% confidence interval (CI)] for use of both substances were 1.64 (1.05,2.58) for adolescents allowed to view them once in a while, 2.30 (1.53,3.45) for sometimes and 2.92 (1.83,4.67) for all the time. FSK-16 restrictions were associated with lower viewership of all classes of movies, but especially FSK-16/18 movies; in addition, FSK-16 restrictions were associated with substantially lower exposure to movie depiction of tobacco and alcohol use, suggesting a mediational mechanism for the association. Conclusions Among young adolescents, parental restriction from viewing movies rated for older adolescents/adults decreases the risk of substance use in the future. [source]

Effects of home access and availability of alcohol on young adolescents' alcohol use

ADDICTION, Issue 10 2007
Kelli A. Komro
ABSTRACT Aims The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of parental provision of alcohol and home alcohol accessibility on the trajectories of young adolescent alcohol use and intentions. Design Data were part of a longitudinal study of alcohol use among multi-ethnic urban young adolescents who were assigned randomly to the control group of a prevention trial. Setting Data were collected from a cohort of youth, and their parents, who attended public schools in Chicago, Illinois (2002,2005). Participants The sample comprised the 1388 students, and their parents, who had been assigned randomly to the control group and were present and completed surveys at baseline, in the beginning of 6th grade (age 12). The sample was primarily low-income, and African American and Hispanic. Measurements Students completed self-report questionnaires when in the 6th, 7th and 8th grades (age 12,14 years; response rates 91,96%). Parents of the 6th grade students also completed questionnaires (70% response rate). Findings Student report, at age 12, of parental provision of alcohol and home alcohol availability, and parental report of providing alcohol to their child and the accessibility of alcohol in the home, were associated with significant increases in the trajectories of young adolescent alcohol use and intentions from ages 12,14 years. Student report of receiving alcohol from their parent or taking it from home during their last drinking occasion were the most robust predictors of increases in alcohol use and intentions over time. Conclusions Results indicate that it is risky for parents to allow children to drink during early adolescence. When these findings are considered together with the risks associated with early onset of alcohol use, it is clear that parents can play an important role in prevention. [source]

Hypothalamic,pituitary,adrenal axis activity and early onset of cannabis use

ADDICTION, Issue 11 2006
Anja C. Huizink
ABSTRACT Aims To identify early onset cannabis users by measuring basal hypothalamic,pituitary,adrenal (HPA) axis activity, which may be a risk factor for early onset substance use when showing low activity. Design In a prospective cohort study, adolescents who initiated cannabis use at an early age (9,12 years), those who initiated at a later age (13,14 years) and those who did not use cannabis by the age of 14 were compared with respect to HPA axis activity. Setting and participants Data were used from the first and second assessment wave of the TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS), that included 1768 Dutch young adolescents aged 10,12 years who were followed-up across a period of 2 years. Measurements Cortisol was measured in saliva samples at awakening, 30 minutes later and at 8 p.m. at age 10,12. Self-reported age at first cannabis use was used. Findings The early onset group had lower cortisol levels 30 minutes after awakening than the late onset group (OR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.86,0.99). Furthermore, compared to non-users, the early and late onset cannabis users had higher levels of cortisol at 8 p.m. (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.03,1.53 and OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.01,1.45, respectively). Conclusions Some evidence was found for HPA axis hypo-activity at awakening in adolescents with early onset of cannabis use compared to late onset users, which might indicate an increased risk for early onset users of seeking stimulation to restore arousal levels by using substances. [source]

Facing guilt: Role of negative affectivity, need for reparation, and fear of punishment in leading to prosocial behaviour and aggression

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY, Issue 3 2001
Gian Vittorio Caprara
The present study aims to further corroborate and to extend the scope of previous findings regarding the path of influence between negative affectivity, need for reparation and fear of punishment when examining the determinants and the motivational components of guilt. Data were collected from three different European countries (i.e. Italy, Hungary, and the Czech Republic). About 1100 young adolescents were involved in the research. The generalizability of a nomological network linking individual differences in Negative Affectivity to Need for Reparation, Fear of Punishment, Prosocial Behaviour, and Aggression has been investigated across countries and gender, by means of structural equation modelling. Need for Reparation turns out to be positively related to Prosocial Behaviour and negatively related to Aggression. Fear for Punishment turns out to be positively related to Aggression and negatively related to Prosocial Behaviour, with the exception of Hungary. Alternative paths of influence among considered variables have been examined. Practical implications for prevention and education are underlined. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Early Adolescence Talking Points: Questions that Middle School Students Want To Ask Their Parents,

FAMILY RELATIONS, Issue 1 2004
Rhonda A. Richardson
In early adolescence, young people need caring parents to guide them through numerous changes and decisions. Little is known about what particular issues middle school students want to discuss with their parents. This study provides a basis for promoting parent,child communication by identifying topics that young adolescents would like to talk about with parents, using responses from 1,124 students age 10 to 15. Findings were that the largest percentage of questions pertained to family issues, whereas only 1 in 4 dealt with sensitive subjects such as drugs and sex. Implications for practice are included. [source]

Effect of xylitol and xylitol,fluoride lozenges on approximal caries development in high-caries-risk children

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY, Issue 3 2008
CHRISTINA STECKSÉN-BLICKS
Aim., To evaluate the effect of xylitol- and xylitol/fluoride-containing lozenges on approximal caries development in young adolescents with high caries risk. Study design., A 2-year double-blind trial with two parallel arms and a nonrandomized reference group. Material and methods., One hundred and sixty healthy 10- to 12-year-old children with high caries risk were selected. After informed consent, they were randomly assigned into a xylitol and a xylitol/fluoride group. They were instructed to take two tablets three times a day (total xylitol and fluoride dose 2.5 g and 1.5 mg, respectively). The compliance was checked continuously and scored as good, fair, or poor. A reference no-tablet group was also selected (n = 70) for group comparison. The outcome measure was approximal caries incidence. Results., The dropout rate was 28%, and 41% exhibited a good compliance with the study protocol. No statistically significant differences in caries incidence could be found between the study groups (P > 0.05). Among a subgroup of children who demonstrated good compliance, the mean ,DMFSa value was significantly lower in the xylitol/fluoride group compared to the xylitol group, 1.0 ± 2.3 vs. 3.3 ± 4.6 (P < 0.05), while no difference could be displayed between any of the study groups and the reference group (P > 0.05). Conclusion., The results from this 2-year trial did not support a self-administered regimen of xylitol- or xylitol/fluoride-containing lozenges for the prevention of approximal caries in young adolescents with high caries risk. [source]

Determinants of Online Privacy Concern and Its Influence on Privacy Protection Behaviors Among Young Adolescents

Initiating Sexual Experiences: How Do Young Adolescents Make Decisions Regarding Early Sexual Activity?

JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE, Issue 4 2005
Tricia M. Michels
Understanding how young adolescents make decisions to engage in early sexual activities is vital for intervention efforts aimed at fostering positive youth development and reducing the negative outcomes of adolescent sexual behavior. In-depth interviews with 42 suburban, mostly White, ninth-grade adolescents (52% females, mean age=14.1, SD=.45) elicited accounts of their early sexual decisions. We adapted grounded theory methodology to build a model of sexual decision making from the adolescents' narratives. Six dominant categories emerged: contextual factors (relationship and personal characteristics), consideration of risks and benefits, boundary setting, boundary communication, the sexual experience, and evaluation. Our model of early sexual decision-making processes, developed from the perspectives of young adolescents, highlights active consideration of health and social risks and benefits, as well as the generation of options regarding sexual activity. The model also shows that young adolescents set clear boundaries of sexual limits and evaluate sexual experiences, suggesting a dynamic process of decision making. [source]

Mixed-Gender Groups, Dating, and Romantic Relationships in Early Adolescence

JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE, Issue 2 2004
Jennifer Connolly
This study examined dating-stage and developmental-contextual models of romantic relationships during early adolescence. Same-gender friendships, affiliation with mixed-gender groups, dating, and romantic relationships were investigated in a sample of 1,284 young adolescents of diverse ethnocultural backgrounds. Data were collected cross-sectionally in Grades 5 through 8, as well as longitudinally in the fall and spring of an academic year. Consistent with a stage model, affiliation with mixed-gender groups and dating were qualitatively distinct activities that were sequentially organized and facilitated the progression from same-gender friendships to dyadic romantic relationships. The results also provide insights on how the developmental context may alter stage pathways: Dating activities were incorporated with mixed-gender affiliations, group-based romantic stages showed more stability than other stages, and the ethnocultural context influenced romantic timing. Finally, results indicated that participation in romantic activities heightened adolescents' future interest in having a romantic relationship. [source]

Young adolescents' use of medicine for headache: sources of supply, availability and accessibility at home,

Parental safety concerns , a barrier to sport and physical activity in children?

AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, Issue 5 2004
Soufiane Boufous
Objective: To examine the extent to which parents and carers perceive injury and safety risks as serious enough to prevent or discourage their children, aged 5,12 years, from participating in sports/physical activity and to identify factors that influence these perceptions. Methods: An analysis of the 2001 New South Wales Child Health Survey. Results: More than one-quarter of parents/carers of active children aged 5,12 years reported discouraging or preventing children from playing a particular sport (34.7% for boys and 16.6% for girls) because of injury and safety concerns. In boys, the most frequently discouraged sport was rugby league (23.2%), followed by rugby union (7.5%) and Australian rules football (2.8%). Among girls, the most frequently discouraged activities were rollerblading (2.7%), rugby league (2.3%) and soccer (2.1%). Multivariate analysis shows that factors independently associated with parents' decision to prevent/discourage their child from engaging in sport/physical activity include their child's age and gender, language spoken at home, presence of disability, and the respondent's relation to the child. Conclusions and implications:Efforts need to be made to modify some sports/ activities, such as football codes, in order to minimise injury and to ensure that children continue enjoying their favourite activity well into adulthood. Guidelines designed to promote physical activity among children and young adolescents need to take into account parental concerns regarding the associated risk of injury. [source]