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Wine Consumption (wine + consumption)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences46%
Business, Economics, Finance and Accounting30%
Life Sciences15%

Kinds of Wine Consumption

  • red wine consumption
    		•

    Selected Abstracts

    Age, period and cohort influences on beer, wine and spirits consumption trends in the US National Alcohol Surveys

    ADDICTION, Issue 9 2004
    William C. Kerr
    ABSTRACT Aims To estimate the separate influences of age, period and cohort on the consumption of beer wine and spirits in the United States. Design Linear age,period,cohort models controlling for demographic change with extensive specification testing. Setting US general population 1979,2000. Measurements Monthly average of past-year consumption of beer, wine and spirits in five National Alcohol Surveys. Findings The strongest cohort effects are found for spirits; cohorts born before 1940 are found to have significantly higher consumption than those born after 1946, with especially high spirits consumption for men in the pre-1930s cohorts. Significant cohort effects are also found for beer with elevated consumption in the 1946,65 cohorts for men but in the pre-1940 cohorts for women. Significant negative effects of age are found for beer and spirits consumption, although not for wine. Significant period effects are found for men's beer and wine consumption and for women's spirits consumption. Increased educational attainment in the population over time is associated with reduced beer consumption and increased wine consumption. Conclusions Changing cohort demographics are found to have significant effects on beverage-specific consumption, indicating the importance of controlling for these effects in the evaluation of alcohol policy effectiveness and the potential for substantial improvement in the forecasting of future beverage-specific consumption trends, alcohol dependence treatment demand and morbidity and mortality outcomes. [source]

    Alcohol consumption and risk of prostate cancer in middle-aged men

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER, Issue 1 2005
    W. Marieke Schoonen
    Abstract Alcohol consumption is a modifiable lifestyle factor that may affect prostate cancer risk. Alcohol alters the hormonal milieu and contains chemical substances such as flavonoids (red wine), which may alter tumor cell growth. Data from a population-based case-control study in King County, WA, were utilized to evaluate the association of alcohol consumption with prostate cancer in middle-aged men. A total of 753 newly diagnosed prostate cancer cases, 40,64 years of age, participated in the study. Seven hundred three control subjects, frequency matched to cases by age, were selected through random digit dialing. All participants completed an in-person interview on lifetime alcohol consumption and other risk factors for prostate cancer. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and assess significance (95% confidence intervals [CI]). All tests of statistical significance were two-sided. No clear association with prostate cancer risk was seen for overall alcohol consumption. Each additional glass of red wine consumed per week showed a statistically significant 6% decrease in relative risk (OR = 0.94; 95% CI = 0.90,0.98), and there was evidence for a decline in risk estimates across increasing categories of red wine intake (trend p = 0.02). No clear associations were seen for consumption of beer or liquor. Our present study suggests that consumption of beer or liquor is not associated with prostate cancer. There may be, however, a reduced relative risk associated with increasing level of red wine consumption. Further research is needed to evaluate the potential negative association between red wine intake and prostate cancer risk. [source]

    Beyond drinking: the role of wine in the life of the UK consumer

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONSUMER STUDIES, Issue 5 2007
    Caroline Ritchie
    Abstract Since the development of wine sales via supermarkets in the UK in the 1970s wine consumption has more than doubled so now the UK is the largest wine import market (by value) in the world. Wine is now consumed by approximately 61% of the UK adult population on a regular basis. For many social wine consumption has become part of their lifestyle. Given the international importance of the UK wine market, plus the increasing incorporation of wine into regular consumption behaviour, it is remarkable how few academic studies have been undertaken into the consumption behaviour of moderate, social UK wine consumers. This paper aims to start developing that knowledge, thus adding to our understanding of consumer behaviour in general. The results show that consumers use wine in very sophisticated ways via purchasing, gifting and consumption. The findings also show that social interaction with wine varies significantly, dependant upon occasion and environment. Behaviour also varies if the purchase, as gift and/or for consumption, is perceived as a private or public activity. This paper places UK wine consumer behaviour within a social context, and is able to show that all consumers display a range of behaviours in relation to wine which are situation and occasion dependant. [source]

    Spanish wine consumer behavior: A choice experiment approach

    AGRIBUSINESS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL, Issue 3 2006
    Nadhem Mtimet
    Overall wine consumption in Spain is decreasing, while at the same time, designation of origin (DO) wine consumption is increasing gradually. This study examines Spanish DO wine consumer behavior by the use of a choice experiment technique. A main-effects model as well as an interaction-effects model is estimated based on four attributes: designation of origin, price, wine aging, and grape variety. Willingness-to-pay estimates, depending on the price segment, is derived for switching from one attribute level to another. Consumer segmentation is undertaken based on purchase frequencies. Market simulations are presented for consumer segments. Empirical results indicate the importance of the DO and the wine aging attributes on wine selection. The interaction-effects model shows the importance of attribute interactions on consumers' choice process. Differences as well as similarities are detected among consumer segments. [EconLit citations: D120, Q120, Q130]. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Agribusiness 22: 343,362, 2006. [source]

    Potent anti-amyloidogenic and fibril-destabilizing effects of polyphenols in vitro: implications for the prevention and therapeutics of Alzheimer's disease

    JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY, Issue 1 2003
    Kenjiro Ono
    Abstract Cerebral deposition of amyloid ,-peptide (A,) in the brain is an invariant feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). A consistent protective effect of wine consumption on AD has been documented by epidemiological studies. In the present study, we used fluorescence spectroscopy with thioflavin T and electron microscopy to examine the effects of wine-related polyphenols (myricetin, morin, quercetin, kaempferol (+)-catechin and (,)-epicatechin) on the formation, extension, and destabilization of ,-amyloid fibrils (fA,) at pH 7.5 at 37°C in vitro. All examined polyphenols dose-dependently inhibited formation of fA, from fresh A,(1,40) and A,(1,42), as well as their extension. Moreover, these polyphenols dose-dependently destabilized preformed fA,s. The overall activity of the molecules examined was in the order of: myricetin = morin = quercetin > kaempferol > (+)-catechin = (,)-epicatechin. The effective concentrations (EC50) of myricetin, morin and quercetin for the formation, extension and destabilization of fA,s were in the order of 0.1,1 µm. In cell culture experiments, myricetin-treated fA, were suggested to be less toxic than intact fA,, as demonstrated by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Although the mechanisms by which these polyphenols inhibit fA, formation from A,, and destabilize pre-formed fA,in vitro are still unclear, polyphenols could be a key molecule for the development of preventives and therapeutics for AD. [source]

    Trends and Determinants of Alcohol Consumption in Portugal: Results From the National Health Surveys 1995 to 1996 and 1998 to 1999

    ALCOHOLISM, Issue 1 2005
    Pedro Marques-Vidal
    Background: There is very little information on trends and determinants of alcohol consumption in the Portuguese population, which is usually characterized by high wine consumption. Methods: A cross-sectional studies was conducted in 1995/1996 and 1998/1999 in a representative sample of 0.5% of the mainland Portuguese population (49,768 participants in 1995/1996 and 48,606 in 1998/1999), aged 15 years or more. Alcohol consumption was assessed by asking whether the participants had consumed alcohol in the previous week and how many drinks of wine/beer/whiskey/Port wine they consumed on average during that week. Results: Prevalence of reported alcohol consumption decreased slightly between 1995/1996 and 1998/1999 (men: 65.7 vs. 64.0%, p < 0.001; women: 26.9 vs. 26.0%, p < 0.001). Among drinkers, the most frequently consumed alcoholic beverage was wine, followed by beer, whiskey, and Port wine. The amount of alcohol and wine consumed decreased in both sexes, whereas the amount of beer, whiskey, and Port wine consumed increased in men and the increase in beer consumption was borderline significant in women (p= 0.056). In both sexes, participants <50 years of age tended to consume less wine and more beer, whiskey, and Port wine than their older counterparts. Also, higher education was related to a higher frequency of alcohol consumption, whereas smoking was related to a lower consumption of wine odds ratio (OR): 0.69 (95% confidence interval CI: 0.62,0.77) for men and OR: 0.76 (95% CI: 0.61,0.95) for women and a higher consumption of beer OR: 1.43 (95% CI: 1.33,1.54) for men and OR: 2.13 (95% CI: 1.84,2.42) for women and whiskey OR: 1.28 (95% CI: 1.21,1.35) for men and OR: 2.61 (95% CI: 2.25,3.02) for women. Conclusions: The pattern of alcohol consumption is changing in Portugal: the prevalence of drinkers is decreasing, and younger generations are shifting from wine to beer and spirits. Educational level seems to be a powerful mediator in the choice of alcoholic beverage. [source]

    Polyphenolics Increase t-PA and u-PA Gene Transcription in Cultured Human Endothelial Cells

    ALCOHOLISM, Issue 2 2001
    Laila H. Abou-Agag
    Background: Moderate red wine consumption has been associated with a reduced risk for coronary heart disease, and this cardioprotection may be mediated, in part, by promoting fibrinolysis. This protection may be attributed to the combined or perhaps synergistic effects of alcohol and other red wine components (i.e., polyphenolics). These studies were carried out to determine whether individual phenolics (i.e., catechin, epicatechin, quercetin, and resveratrol) affect fibrinolytic protein (tissue-type plasminogen activator [t-PA] and urokinase-type PA [u-PA]) e-pression and surface-localized fibrinolytic activity in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Methods: Cultured HUVECs were preincubated (1 hr, 37°C) in the absence or presence of varying concentrations of catechin, epicatechin, quercetin, and resveratrol (0.001,10 ,M) and then were washed and incubated for various times in the absence of phenolics. Secreted t-PA/u-PA antigen (24 hr, enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay) and mRNA [0,16 hr, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)] levels and fibrinolytic activity (direct activation of HUVEC-bound 125I-labeled glutamyl-plasminogen, quantitation of 125I-labeled M r 20 kDa plasmin light-chain) were measured. Transient transfections of cultured HUVECs were carried out with the pt-PA222/luc and pu-PA236/luc promoter constructs, by using lipofectamine. Results: Each of the phenolics similarly increased t-PA and u-PA antigen (2- to 3-fold) and mRNA (3- to 4-fold) levels, concomitant with an increase (2- to 3-fold) in sustained (24 hr), surface-localized fibrinolytic activity. Transcription inhibitor actinomycin D abolished the induction of t-PA and u-PA mRNA e-pression by these phenolics. Transfections with the pt-PA222/luc and pu-PA236/luc promoter constructs showed 2- to 3-fold and 2- to 4-fold increases in luciferase activity for t-PA and u-PA, respectively. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that each of these phenolics up-regulates both t-PA and u-PA gene transcription, which results in the sustained increased e-pression of surface-localized fibrinolytic activity in cultured HUVECs. Wine phenolics increase fibrinolytic activity, independent of ethanol, and it is likely that the overall cardioprotective benefits associated with moderate red wine consumption are attributable to the combined, additive, or perhaps synergistic effects of alcohol and other wine components. [source]

    Ethanol and red wine polyphenols induce the short-term downregulation of PAI-1 gene expression in vivo in rat aortic endothelium

    JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE, Issue 9 2007
    Hernan E Grenett
    Abstract Moderate alcohol or red wine consumption reduces the risk of cardiovascular mortality. This cardiovascular protection is likely due to the additive, combined and/or synergistic effects of alcohol itself or other components of wine, in particular polyphenols. Experiments were carried out to determine whether ethanol/polyphenols also decrease plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) mRNA expression in vivo, using the rat as an animal model. Male Sprague,Dawley rats were gavaged with ethanol, the individual polyphenols catechin and quercetin or saline vehicle. The in vivo effect of ethanol or individual polyphenols on PAI-1 mRNA was then assessed by in situ hybridisation and quantitative reverse transcriptase (RT) polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). PAI-1 mRNA expression was significantly reduced in the endothelial and smooth muscle cells of the thoracic aorta of all experimental rats. RT-PCR analysis of PAI-1 mRNA levels in vascular tissue showed a ,55% reduction in PAI-1 mRNA consistent with the decrease in aortic endothelium PAI-1 mRNA observed with in situ hybridisation. This decrease may enhance endothelial cell (EC)-mediated fibrinolytic activity in vivo. The cardioprotection afforded by moderate red wine consumption can therefore be attributed in part to the combined effects of ethanol and individual polyphenols on EC fibrinolysis. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry [source]

    Impact of the GST and Wine Tax Reform on Australia's Wine Industry: A CGE Analysis

    AUSTRALIAN ECONOMIC PAPERS, Issue 1 2002
    Glyn Wittwer
    This study analyses the impacts of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) introduced on 1 July 2000, and the associated wine tax reform, on both the premium and non-premium segments of the grape and wine industry using a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model of the Australian economy. Through input cost reductions, the grape and wine industry is projected to gain from the GST tax package. Thus the industry can still gain even though wine consumption is taxed a little more heavily after than before the introduction of the GST. This is particularly so for the export-oriented premium wine segment. A switch from the current ad valorem to a revenue-neutral volumetric tax on wine under the GST is shown also to favour the premium segment of the industry, but at the expense of the non-premium segment. [source]

    Moderate wine consumption is associated with better cognitive test results: a 7 year follow up of 5033 subjects in the Tromsų Study

    ACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 2010
    K. A. Arntzen
    Arntzen KA, Schirmer H, Wilsgaard T, Mathiesen EB. Moderate wine consumption is associated with better cognitive test results: a 7 year follow up of 5033 subjects in the Tromsų Study. Acta Neurol Scand: 2010: 122 (Suppl. 190): 23,29. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Background,,, The impact of moderate alcohol consumption on cognitive function and dementia is unclear. We examined the relationship between consumption of different alcoholic beverages and cognitive function in a large population-based study. Methods,,, Subjects were 5033 stroke-free men and women who participated in a longitudinal population-based study in Tromsų, Norway. Alcohol consumption and other cardiovascular risk factors were measured at baseline and cognitive function was assessed after 7 years follow up with verbal memory test, digit,symbol coding test and tapping test. Results,,, Moderate wine consumption was independently associated with better performance on all cognitive tests in both men and women. There was no consistent association between consumption of beer and spirits and cognitive test results. Alcohol abstention was associated with lower cognitive performance in women. Conclusions,,, Light-to-moderate wine consumption was associated with better performance on cognitive tests after 7 years follow up. [source]

    A central role of eNOS in the protective effect of wine against metabolic syndrome

    CELL BIOCHEMISTRY AND FUNCTION, Issue 4 2006
    Federico Leighton
    Abstract The positive health effects derived from moderate wine consumption are pleiotropic. They appear as improvements in cardiovascular risk factors such as plasma lipids, haemostatic mechanisms, endothelial function and antioxidant defences. The active principles would be ethanol and mainly polyphenols. Results from our and other laboratories support the unifying hypothesis that the improvements in risk factors after red wine consumption are mediated by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Many genes are involved, but the participation of eNOS would be a constant feature. The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic risk factors associated with high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The National Cholesterol Education Programmmes Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEPATP III) clinical definition of the metabolic syndrome requires the presence of at least three risk factors, from among abdominal obesity, high plasma triacylglycerols, low plasma HDL, high blood pressure and high fasting plasma glucose. The molecular mechanisms responsible for the metabolic syndrome are not known. Since metabolic syndrome apparently affects 10,30% of the population in the world, research on its pathogenesis and control is needed. The recent finding that eNOS knockout mice present a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors comparable to those of the metabolic syndrome suggests that defects in eNOS function may cause human metabolic syndrome. These mice are hypertensive, insulin resistant and dyslipidemic. Further support for a pathogenic role of eNOS comes from the finding in humans that eNOS polymorphisms associate with insulin resistance and diabetes, with hypertension, with inflammatory and oxidative stress markers and with albuminuria. So, the data sustain the hypothesis that eNOS enhancement should reduce metabolic syndrome incidence and its consequences. Therefore red wine, since it enhances eNOS function, should be considered as a potential tool for the control of metabolic syndrome. This hypothesis is supported by epidemiological observations and needs experimental validation in human intervention studies. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]