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Wall Changes (wall + change)
Selected AbstractsRandomized Comparison Between Open Irrigation Technology and Intracardiac-Echo-Guided Energy Delivery for Pulmonary Vein Antrum Isolation: Procedural Parameters, Outcomes, and the Effect on Esophageal InjuryJOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY, Issue 6 2007NASSIR F. MARROUCHE M.D. Introduction: We performed a prospective study to compare efficacy and safety of both open irrigation tip (OIT) technology with intracardiac echo (ICE)-guided energy delivery in patients presenting for PVAI. Methods and Results: Fifty-three patients presenting for PVAI were randomized to ablation using an OIT catheter (Group 1, 26 patients; temperature and power were set at 50° and 50 W, respectively, with a saline pump flow rate of 30 mL/min) or radiofrequency (RF) energy delivery under ICE guidance (Group 2, 27 patients; energy was titrated based on microbubbles formation). The mean procedure time and fluoroscopy exposure were lower in Group 1 (164 ± 42 min and 7,560 ± 2,298 ,Graym2 vs 204 ± 47 min and 12,240 ± 4,356 ,Graym2; P = 0.005 and 0.008, respectively). Moreover, the durations of RF lesions applied per PV antrum was lower in Group 1 compared with Group 2 (5.1 ± 2.2 min vs 9.2 ± 3.2 min, P = 0.03, respectively). Within 24 hours after PVAI in 35.7% (all erythema) of Group 1 and 57.1% (21.4% erythema and 35.7% necrosis) of Group 2, patients' esophageal wall changes were documented. After 14 ± 2 months of follow up, recurrences were documented in 19.2% of Group 1 and 22.2% of Group 2 patients. Conclusion: Although both OIT and ICE-guided energy delivery possess a similar effect in treating AF, OIT seems to be superior in terms of achieving isolation and shortening fluoroscopy exposure. Moreover, a lower incidence of esophageal wall injury was observed utilizing OIT for PVAI. [source] Thoracic myelitis as a possible cause of myocardial infarctionJOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, Issue 6 2005K. T. LAPPEGÅRD Abstract. During the course of an inflammatory process in the thoracic part of the spinal cord, a previously healthy male suffered two myocardial infarctions in separate coronary territories. A coronary angiogram revealed only minor wall changes in one coronary artery. We hypothesize that the myocardial infarctions may have been caused by vasospastic reactions secondary to his spinal cord pathology, and present the case report and a review of the literature. [source] Inflammation and bone resorption as independent factors of accelerated arterial wall thickening in patients with rheumatoid arthritisARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM, Issue 11 2003Mayumi Nagata-Sakurai Objective We recently reported that rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients had increased intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery (CCA). The present longitudinal study was performed to determine whether the change in arterial thickness was accelerated in RA patients and to determine which factor was important in the progression of arterial wall changes. Methods We studied 62 female RA patients with stable disease activity and 63 healthy female controls. IMT of the CCA was measured twice by high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography. The second examination was performed 18,36 months after the first, and changes were expressed as millimeters of increase per year. Baseline examinations included blood markers of inflammation and urinary calcium excretion (expressed as the calcium-to-creatinine ratio). Results RA patients showed a significantly greater increase in IMT of the CCA compared with controls. In univariate analyses of the RA patient data, the C-reactive protein (CRP) level correlated with the increase in CCA IMT. Other markers of inflammation (the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and white blood cell and platelet counts) also showed significant positive associations with the annual increase in CCA IMT in multiple regression models when adjusted for age, smoking status, blood pressure, and serum cholesterol level. The urinary calcium-to-creatinine ratio was also significantly associated with an increase in CCA IMT. Moreover, both the CRP level and the urinary calcium-to-creatinine ratio were significantly and independently associated with the increase in IMT of the CCA. Conclusion Patients with RA have a higher rate of increase in thickening of the arterial wall. Inflammation and calcium mobilization are factors closely associated with the accelerated arterial wall changes. [source] Review: Condensed tannin and grape cell wall interactions and their impact on tannin extractability into wineAUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF GRAPE AND WINE RESEARCH, Issue 1 2010R.L. HANLIN Abstract It has been suggested that tannin extraction from grape berries into wine is limited by tannin binding to cell walls. Here we review the current state of knowledge and identify gaps in research that would enable characterisation of these interactions. Such characterisation could improve tannin extraction management in winemaking. The work identified in this review supports the hypothesis that tannin,cell wall interactions are formed by hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions with the binding capacity of the cell walls influenced by tannin and polysaccharide structure and composition. Cell wall changes during berry development may increase the tannin-binding capacity of cell walls, while tannin structure may also influence its affinity for cell wall material. This review also identifies the need to investigate cultural and environmental factors that affect tannin and polysaccharide composition, to characterise the tannin-binding capacity of cell walls and to develop methods for assessing tannin-binding capacity of fruit prior to harvest. It is envisaged that a detailed understanding of tannin interactions with other components in the grape would lead to a predictive model for extractability of condensed tannins into wine. [source] | ||||||||||