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Wall
Kinds of Wall Terms modified by Wall Selected AbstractsWE WERE DANCING IN THE CLUB, NOT ON THE BERLIN WALL: Black Bodies, Street Bureaucrats, and Exclusionary Incorporation into the New EuropeCULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY, Issue 4 2008DAMANI JAMES PARTRIDGE ABSTRACT In this essay, I explore the micropolitics of citizenship and sovereignty via the emerging street bureaucratic status of "white" German women in relationships with "black" men in Germany and Berlin. In the midst of the fallen Berlin Wall and increasing Europe-wide restrictions on immigration and asylum, it examines further the extent to which a consistent "black" male hypersexual performance is necessary for legal recognition via "white" German women who, taking on an informal bureaucratic status, ultimately decide which "black" subjects to marry. A history of desiring "black" bodies, the essay argues, coincides with several important moments of sexual liberation (incl. post,World War II African American military occupation, 1970s West German feminism, and the fall of the Berlin Wall), which make these relationships both possible and public; however, the hypersexualized conditions under which "black" subjects get incorporated into contemporary German life are also ultimately exclusionary. [source] TIME TO TEAR DOWN THE WALL: COMMENT ON DAWSON ET AL. (2005)ADDICTION, Issue 3 2005MARK B. SOBELL No abstract is available for this article. [source] TAXONOMIC REEXAMINATION OF 17 SPECIES OF NITELLA SUBGENUS TIEFFALLENIA (CHARALES, CHAROPHYCEAE) BASED ON INTERNAL MORPHOLOGY OF THE OOSPORE WALL AND MULTIPLE DNA MARKER SEQUENCES,JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY, Issue 1 2005Hidetoshi Sakayama In an attempt to reconstruct the natural taxonomic system for Nitella, 17 species of Nitella subgenus Tieffallenia were reexamined using SEM observations of the internal morphology of the oospore wall (IMOW) and phylogenetic analyses of 4553 base pairs from multiple DNA markers (atpB, rbcL, psaB, and ITS-5.8S rRNA genes). Our SEM observations identified three types of IMOW: homogeneous (HG), weakly spongy (W-SG), and strongly spongy (S-SG) types. Based on differences in the IMOW, species with reticulate or tuberculate oospore wall ornamentation in the external morphology of the oospore wall (EMOW) were subdivided into two distinct groups (characterized by the HG or S-SG types of IMOW, respectively), which were robustly separated from each other in our molecular phylogenetic analyses. In our molecular phylogeny, the subgenus Tieffallenia consisted of four robust monophyletic groups,three clades of the HG type and a spongy (S-SG and W-SG) type clade,that were characterized by differences in the IMOW and EMOW. In addition, our SEM observations and sequence data verified the distinct status of five species (N. japonica Allen, N. oligospira A. Braun, N. vieillardii stat. nov., N. imperialis stat. nov., and N. morongii Allen) that R. D. Wood had assigned as infraspecific taxa. Moreover, our SEM observations of the IMOW also suggested that N. megaspora (J. Groves) Sakayama originally identified by LM includes at least two distinct species, characterized by W-SG and S-SG types of IMOW, respectively. [source] RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRESENCE OF A MOTHER CELL WALL AND SPECIATION IN THE UNICELLULAR MICROALGA NANNOCHLORIS (CHLOROPHYTA),JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY, Issue 1 2003Maki Yamamoto The cell division mechanisms of seven strains from six species of Nannochloris Naumann were analyzed and compared with those of three species of Chlorella Beijerinck and Trebouxia erici Ahmadjian using differential interference microscopy and fluorescence microscopy. Nannochloris bacillaris Naumann divides by binary fission and N. coccoides Naumann divides by budding. Distinct triangular spaces or mother cell walls were found in the dividing autosporangia of the other five strains from four species of Nannochloris, three species of Chlorella, and T. erici. In an attempt to infer an evolutionary relationship between nonautosporic and autosporic species of Nannochloris, we constructed a phylogenetic tree of the actin genes using seven strains from six species of Nannochloris, three species of Chlorella, and T. erici. Nannochloris species were polyphyletic in the Trebouxiophyceae group. Two nonautosporic species of N. bacillaris and N. coccoides were monophyletic and positioned distally. Moreover, to determine their phylogenetic position within the Trebouxiophyceae, we constructed phylogenetic tree of 18S rRNA genes adding other species of Trebouxiophyceae. Nannochloris species were polyphyletic in the Trebouxiophyceae and appeared in two different lineages, a Chlorella,Nannochloris group and a Trebouxia,Choricystis group. The nonautosporic species, N. bacillaris and N. coccoides, and three autosporic species of Nannochloris belonged to the Chlorella,Nannochloris group. Nannochloris bacillaris and N. coccoides were also monophyletic and positioned distally in the phylogenetic tree of 18S rRNA genes. These results suggest that autosporulation is the ancestral mode of cell division in Nannochloris and that nonautosporulative mechanisms, such as binary fission and budding, evolved secondarily. [source] THOMAS DEMAND, JEFF WALL AND SHERRIE LEVINE: DEFORMING ,PICTURES'ART HISTORY, Issue 5 2009TAMARA TRODD What are we to make of the return of the ,picture' in photography after conceptual art? In this article I engage directly with the lineage provided by Jeff Wall for his own brand of ,pictorialist' photography, and his surprising appropriation of Sherrie Levine to this end. I suggest that Wall's gesture of appropriation and the structure of his own works reveal a more irrational sense of the ,picture' as a force of deformation which may usefully be extended to the work of Thomas Demand. I argue that Demand's work does not support the terms of modernist aesthetics, and in particular, cannot be credibly interpreted as founding photography as a ,medium', as Michael Fried has suggested. Instead I argue that Demand's work presents photography as parasitic and bound in an irrational relationship to sculpture. Neither medium is self-supporting and each is instead ,propped' on the other, forced to cohere by the deforming operations of the ,picture'. [source] MORNING CLEANING: JEFF WALL AND THE LARGE GLASSART HISTORY, Issue 5 2009CHRISTINE CONLEY Jeff Wall's Morning Cleaning, Mies van der Rohe Foundation, Barcelona, 1999, is a cinematographic digital transparency picturing the German Pavilion designed by Mies for the 1929 International Exposition in Barcelona and reconstructed in the 1980s. The tableau involves the arrested action of a male cleaner, oblivious to the gaze of the spectator, as he washes the windows separating the interior from an outdoor pool, where the morning sun illuminates Georg Kolbe's sculpture Dawn. Contrary to Michael Fried's reading of Morning Cleaning as a renewal of the antitheatrical aims of High Modernist painting, this essay looks to Duchamp's Large Glass as the model for its structuring tensions. Morning Cleaning is considered as a Duchampian delay in relation to the politics of modernist glass architecture in Wall's Kammerspiel essay, and as a ,countermonument' to the reconstructed pavilion as fetish, emptied of social meaning and the traumatic history of modernity. [source] GENETIC INFLUENCES ON THE ARTERIAL WALLCLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY, Issue 7 2007Bronwyn Kingwell SUMMARY 1Arterial stiffness, which has independent predictive value for cardiovascular events, seems to have a genetic component, largely independent of the influence of blood pressure and other cardiovascular risk factors. 2In animal models of essential hypertension (stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats), structural modifications of the arterial wall include an increase in the number of elastin,smooth muscle cell connections and smaller fenestrations of the internal elastic lamina, possibility leading to redistribution of the mechanical load towards elastic materials. These modifications may give rise to mechanisms explaining why changes in arterial wall material accompanying wall hypertrophy in these animals are not associated with an increase in arterial stiffness. 3In monogenic connective tissue diseases (Marfan, Williams and Ehlers,Danlos syndromes) and the corresponding animal models, precise characterization of the arterial phenotype makes it possible to determine the influence of abnormal, genetically determined, wall components on arterial stiffness. 4Such studies have highlighted the role of extracellular matrix signalling in the vascular wall and have shown that elastin and collagen not only display elasticity or rigidity, but are also involved in the control of smooth muscle cell function. 5These data provide strong evidence that arterial stiffness is affected by the amount and density of stiff wall material and the spatial organization of that material. [source] EARLY STRUCTURAL CHANGES OF AORTIC WALL IN SINOAORTIC-DENERVATED RATSCLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY, Issue 4 2006Fu-Ming Shen SUMMARY 1The present work was designed to observe the early structural changes in the aortic wall in Sprague-Dawley rats 1, 2 and 4 weeks after sinoaortic denervation (SAD). 2Rats were examined 1, 2 and 4 weeks after SAD. Blood pressure (BP) was recorded in the conscious state. The thoracic aortas were taken for investigations, including: light microscopy, electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL). 3Blood pressure variability (BPV) was significantly increased in the SAD groups 1, 2 and 4 after the operation when compared with the sham-operated ones. 4Two weeks after SAD the percentage proportion of smooth muscle cell density (SMC%) was obviously increased. 5Four weeks after SAD: the SMC%, percentage proportion of collagen density (CD%) and aortic wall thickness (WT) were obviously increased with vascular smooth muscle cells blebbing concomitantly. Endothelial cells showed degenerative changes and swelling with blebbing of the cell membrane and increased condensation of peripheral nuclear chromatin and cytoplasmic vacuolization. It was also found that the number of apoptotic endothelial cells was increased and expression of eNOS was reduced. 6This is the first study that shows the time-course of aortic wall and endothelial cell changes induced by SAD. Increased BPV might be the priming factor in the development of organ damage induced by SAD. [source] WE WERE DANCING IN THE CLUB, NOT ON THE BERLIN WALL: Black Bodies, Street Bureaucrats, and Exclusionary Incorporation into the New EuropeCULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY, Issue 4 2008DAMANI JAMES PARTRIDGE ABSTRACT In this essay, I explore the micropolitics of citizenship and sovereignty via the emerging street bureaucratic status of "white" German women in relationships with "black" men in Germany and Berlin. In the midst of the fallen Berlin Wall and increasing Europe-wide restrictions on immigration and asylum, it examines further the extent to which a consistent "black" male hypersexual performance is necessary for legal recognition via "white" German women who, taking on an informal bureaucratic status, ultimately decide which "black" subjects to marry. A history of desiring "black" bodies, the essay argues, coincides with several important moments of sexual liberation (incl. post,World War II African American military occupation, 1970s West German feminism, and the fall of the Berlin Wall), which make these relationships both possible and public; however, the hypersexualized conditions under which "black" subjects get incorporated into contemporary German life are also ultimately exclusionary. [source] Immediate Pathologic Effects on the Vein Wall of Foam SclerotherapyDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 10 2007CAMILLO ORSINI MD BACKGROUND During the past 10 years, sclerotherapy has radically changed, the foam sclerotherapy method being better than that of liquid sclerotherapy. OBJECTIVES We have analyzed the immediate pathologic effects on the saphenous vein wall in vivo after sclerotherapy with sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STD) foam. METHODS A group of six patients affected by chronic venous insufficiency, operated on by stripping of the saphenous vein, underwent an intraoperative procedure of sclerotherapy to an isolated but not yet removed tract of saphenous vein with 3% STD foam. RESULTS The pathologic damage of the foam was extremely rapid with complete damage of the endothelium within the first 2 minutes. In the successive 15 and 30 minutes there was edema of the intimal with its progressive separation from the tunica media and the initial formation and adhesion of the thrombus to the tunica media. CONCLUSIONS In this in vivo report we analyze the capacity of 3% STD foam sclerotherapy to damage the saphenous vein wall. The damage is extremely fast and shows the detachment of the intimal and the development of the microthrombus. [source] Closure of the Greater Saphenous Vein with Endoluminal Radiofrequency Thermal Heating of the Vein Wall in Combination with Ambulatory Phlebectomy: Preliminary 6-Month Follow-upDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 5 2000Mitchel P. Goldman MD Background. Incompetence of the saphenofemoral junction with reflux into the greater saphenous vein is one cause of chronic venous hypertension which may lead to the development of varicose and telangiectatic leg veins. Therefore treatment is necessary. Objective. To evaluate a novel method for closing the incompetent greater saphenous vein at its junction with the femoral vein through an endoluminal approach. Methods. Ten patients with reflux at the saphenofemoral junction into the greater saphenous vein were treated with radiofrequency heating of the vein wall through an endoluminal catheter. Patients were evaluated at 3 and 6 months to determine treatment efficacy as well as adverse sequelae. Results. All treated patients achieved complete closure of the saphenofemoral junction and greater saphenous vein. Complete treatment took an average of 20 minutes. Adverse sequelae were minimal, with 2 of 12 patients having mild erythema for 2,3 days. Conclusion. Endoluminal radiofrequency thermal heating of an incompetent greater saphenous vein has been shown to be easily accomplished and efficacious throughout the 6-month follow-up period. [source] Close Physical Contact of the Heart with Diaphragm Causes Pseudo-Asynergy of Left Ventricular Inferior Wall in Normal SubjectsECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, Issue 7 2004Susumu Sakurai Ph.D. Paradoxical outward movement of left ventricular (LV) inferior wall in systole is occasionally recognized in normal subjects and clinically important in terms of the differential diagnosis between physiological pseudo-asynergy and pathological asynergy. In this study, the potential mechanisms by which pseudo-asynergy of LV inferior wall (PLI) is observed in normal subjects were investigated. PLI was defined as the outward movement of LV inferior wall observed during more than 50% of systole. The incidence of PLI was evaluated in 7843 consecutive subjects in routine echocardiography. The effects of body position and artificial gravity on the manifestation of PLI were also examined. PLI was observed in 0.11% (9/7842) of subjects on left lateral position. Measurement of the angle formed by LV long-axis and the long-axis of the body on frontal plane revealed that hearts in subjects with PLI were in relatively horizontal position. PLI was observed on sitting position in 43% (40/92) of subjects without PLI on left lateral position. The subjects with sitting position-induced PLI exhibited significantly higher obesity index. PLI was also induced by artificial gravity in 67% (14/21) of healthy volunteers on supine position, and the degree of PLI correlated with the intensity of gravity. Although the incidence of PLI in routine echocardiography is relatively low, PLI can be induced in normal subjects by any condition that causes close contact of LV inferior wall to diaphragm. Thus, PLI should be taken into consideration in the differential diagnosis of abnormal LV inferior wall motion, especially when performing exercise echocardiography. [source] Is water temperature an adequate predictor of recruitment success in cyprinid fish populations in lowland rivers?FRESHWATER BIOLOGY, Issue 4 2003A. D. Nunn SUMMARY 1. Higher than average ambient water temperature in the first year of life may be responsible for strong cohorts of adult cyprinid fish. Whilst temperature explains much of the variation in year-class strength (YCS), however, it is not the only influential factor as high temperature does not inevitably yield strong year-classes. Furthermore, years in which a strong year-class is prevalent in one species do not necessarily result in strong year-classes in other coexisting species, suggesting other biotic and abiotic factors are important in regulating recruitment success. 2. The relationships between water temperature, river discharge, the position of the Gulf Stream, 0-group fish growth and recruitment success (YCS) were examined in three cyprinid fish species in an English lowland river, using a 15-year data set. 3. Mean length of 0-group fish at the end of the summer was positively correlated with water temperature (cumulative degree-days >12 °C) and negatively correlated with river discharge (cumulative discharge-days above basal discharge rate). Water temperature was negatively correlated with river discharge. 4. YCS was positively correlated with mean 0-group fish length at the end of the summer and with the position of the North Wall of the Gulf Stream. 5. 'Critical periods' (i.e. periods in the first summer of life when fish may be more susceptible to increases in river discharge) were difficult to discern because of interannual variations in river discharge relative to the timing of fish hatching. YCS of roach and chub was most strongly correlated with discharge in the period from June to September inclusive, while YCS of dace was most significantly correlated with discharge in August. 6. River discharge (rather than water temperature) may be the key factor in determining YCS, either directly (through discharge-induced mortality) or indirectly (via reduced growth at lower water temperatures, discharge-associated increases in energy expenditure or reduced food availability). It could be that, in effect, water temperature determines potential YCS while discharge determines realised YCS. [source] Fabrication of Microbeads with a Controllable Hollow Interior and Porous Wall Using a Capillary Fluidic DeviceADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 18 2009Sung-Wook Choi Abstract Poly(D,L -lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microbeads with a hollow interior and porous wall are prepared using a simple fluidic device fabricated with PVC tubes, glass capillaries, and a needle. Using the fluidic device with three flow channels, uniform water-in-oil-in-water (W-O-W) emulsions with a single inner water droplet can be achieved with controllable dimensions by varying the flow rate of each phase. The resultant W-O-W emulsions evolve into PLGA microbeads with a hollow interior and porous wall after the organic solvent in the middle oil phase evaporates. Two approaches are employed for developing a porous structure in the wall: emulsion templating and fast solvent evaporation. For emulsion templating, a homogenized, water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion is introduced as the middle phase instead of the pure oil phase. Low-molecular-weight fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and high-molecular-weight fluorescein isothiocyanate,dextran conjugate (FITC,DEX) is added to the inner water phase to elucidate both the pore size and their interconnectivity in the wall of the microbeads. From optical fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy images, it is confirmed that the emulsion-templated microbeads (W-W/O-W) have larger and better interconnected pores than the W-O-W microbeads. These microstructured microbeads can potentially be employed for cell encapsulation and tissue engineering, as well as protection of active agents. [source] August 1961: Christa Wolf and the Politics of DisavowalGERMAN LIFE AND LETTERS, Issue 1 2002Charity Scribner Throughout her career Christa Wolf has circumvented any explicit reference to the Berlin Wall. Although Der geteilte Himmel reaches its climax in the summer of 1961, the Wall does not figure in this novel. None the less it provides a framework for the narrative through its absence. Wolf's latest novel, Medea, also organises itself around the tropes of walls and borders. Today, forty years after Berlin's division, one could easily dismiss Wolf's writing because of her ,blind spot'vis-á-vis the Wall. But to do so would forfeit Wolf's subtle handling of literary representation, prohibition, and disavowal. This essay argues that Wolf's elaborations of disavowal play a critical (but as yet unexamined) role in the continuing debate over the politics of memory that has come to define German studies. Freudian theories of repression and fetishism are engaged to discern the structures of disavowal that give form not only to Der geteilte Himmel and Medea, but also to Wolf's most important writings on ethics, ,Selbstanzeige' and ,Nagelprobe'. The essay concludes that authentic memory does not reconstitute a homogeneous image of the past. Rather, as Wolf demonstrates, it reawakens the antagonisms that forever thwart the resolution of and in any narrative. [source] Karakorum,Hindukush,western Himalaya: assessing high-altitude water resourcesHYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES, Issue 12 2005M. Winiger Abstract The high mountains of Central and South Asia provide irrigation water for their adjacent lowlands. The Indus Irrigation Scheme depends on approximately 50% of its runoff originating from snowmelt and glacier melt from the eastern Hindukush, Karakorum and western Himalaya. The Atlas of Pakistan indicates that these mountains gain a total annual rainfall of between 200 and 500 mm, amounts that are generally derived from valley-based stations and not representative for elevated zones. High-altitude snowfall seems to be neglected and is obviously still rather unknown. Estimates derived from accumulation pits runoff above 4000 m range from 1000 mm to more than 3000 mm, depending on the site and time of investigation, as well as on the method applied. To assess the vertical spatio-temporal distribution of total annual precipitation, a combined approach is presented. This approach links in situ measurements of snow depth and water equivalent (10-year time series derived from automatic weather stations at elevations between 1500 and 4700 m a.s.l.), the spatial distribution and period of snow coverage (remotely sensed data and digital elevation models), and the runoff characteristics of streams originating from snow or snow/ice-covered watersheds (modified snowmelt runoff model, including intermediate snowfall and glacier runoff). Based on conservative assumptions, the vertically changing seasonal ratio between liquid and solid precipitation is calculated. Using a combined snow cover and ablation model, total annual amounts of precipitation are derived for different altitudinal zones. Amounts of modelled and measured runoff complement the investigation. Horizontal gradients along the Indus,Gilgit,Hunza transect indicate the varying dominance of seasonal precipitation regimes (monsoonal, Mediterranean and continental disturbances) south of Nanga Parbat, between Nanga Parbat and Batura Wall (=West Karakorum rainfall regime: 1500,1800 mm year,1 at 5000 m) and areas north of Batura (=Central Asian rainfall regime: ,600 mm year,1 at 5000 m). Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] The emotional quality of childcare centers in Israel: The Haifa study of early childcareINFANT MENTAL HEALTH JOURNAL, Issue 2 2005Nina Koren-Karie Data from an Israeli project shows higher proportion of insecurely attached infants in center care as compared with noncenter care (Sagi, Koren-Karie, Gini, Ziv, & Joels, 2002). The present study was designed to assess structural and emotional aspects characterizing infants' experiences in center care, aiming to explain, in part, the high incidence of attachment insecurity among center-care infants. In the present study, we focus on 151 center-care infants who were observed in the Ainsworth Strange Situation (Ainsworth, Blehar, Waters, & Wall, 1978) with their mothers. Sixty-one percent of them were coded as securely attached to their mothers while 39% were coded as insecurely attached. In addition, 56 directors and 120 caregivers in 56 centers were videotaped throughout a full-day observation. The Assessment Profile of Early Childhood Program (Abbott-Shim & Sibley, 1987) was also employed. Results indicated that the centers in Israel are of low standards: Large group size, high caregiver,infants ratio, inadequate professional training, and minimal attention to individual emotional needs. No associations were found between infants' attachment and various aspects of the settings. The low quality of the Israeli settings may explain the higher rate of attachment insecurity in center-care infants. ©2005 Michigan Association for Infant Mental Health. [source] Multi-linearity algorithm for wall slip in two-dimensional gap flowINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING, Issue 12 2007G. J. Ma Abstract Wall slip has been observed in a micro/nanometer gap during the past few years. It is difficult to make a mathematical analysis for the hydrodynamics of the fluid flowing in a gap with wall slip because the fluid velocity at the liquid,solid interface is not known a priori. This difficulty is met especially in a two-dimensional slip flow due to the non-linearity of the slip control equation. In the present paper we developed a multi-linearity method to approach the non-linear control equation of the two-dimensional slip gap flow. We used an amended polygon to approximate the circle yield (slip) boundary of surface shear stress. The numerical solution does not need an iterative process and can simultaneously give rise to fluid pressure distribution, wall slip velocity and surface shear stress. We analysed the squeeze film flow between two parallel discs and the hydrodynamics of a finite slider gap with wall slip. Our numerical solutions show that wall slip is first developed in the large pressure gradient zone, where a high surface shear stress is easily generated, and then the slip zone is enlarged with the increase in the shear rate. Wall slip dramatically affects generation of the hydrodynamic pressure. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Quadratic programming algorithm for wall slip and free boundary pressure conditionINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS, Issue 2 2006C. W. Wu Abstract Wall slip is often observed in a highly sheared fluid film in a solid gap. This makes a difficulty in mathematical analysis for the hydrodynamic effect because fluid velocity at the liquid,solid interfaces is not known a priori. If the gap has a convergent,divergent wedge, a free boundary pressure condition, i.e. Reynolds pressure boundary condition, is usually used in the outlet zone in numerical solution. This paper, based on finite element method and parametric quadratic programming technique, gives a numerical solution technique for a coupled boundary non-linearity of wall slip and free boundary pressure condition. It is found that the numerical error decreases with the number of elements in a negative power law having an index larger than 2. Our method does not need an iterative process and can simultaneously gives rise to fluid film pressure distribution, wall slip velocity and surface shear stress. Wall slip always decreases the hydrodynamic pressure. Large wall slip even causes a null hydrodynamic pressure in a pure sliding solid gap. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Local dimensions of global investment: Israeli property firms in Central EuropeINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF URBAN AND REGIONAL RESEARCH, Issue 2 2003Igal Charney Transnational property investment has increased dramatically during the last few decades. This process has been traced by literature focusing on capital-rich countries (e.g. the United States, Canada, Japan) and on major world cities. More recently, in tandem with the collapse of the Berlin Wall, the geographical horizons of foreign investors have broadened to include former socialist countries. This article examines the recent surge in Israeli property investment in Central Europe and argues that global flows depend on relationships between place of origin and destination. Mobility of property capital creates networks that connect cities on a transnational basis. Les investissements immobiliers transnationaux ont énormément augmenté au cours des dernières décennies. Cet aspect a été suivi et documenté surtout pour les pays riches en capitaux (Etats-Unis, Canada, Japon, par exemple) et les grandes villes mondiales. Plus récemment, parallèlement à la chute du Mur de Berlin, les horizons géographiques des investisseurs étrangers se sont élargis aux anciens pays socialistes. L'article examine l'afflux récent d'investissements immobiliers israéliens en Europe centrale, affirmant que les flux planétaires dépendent des relations entre les lieux d'origine et de destination. La mobilité des capitaux immobiliers crée des réseaux qui relient des villes au plan transnational. [source] Creative Mathematics by H. S. WallINTERNATIONAL STATISTICAL REVIEW, Issue 3 2009Jorma Kaarlo Merikoski No abstract is available for this article. [source] ENVIRONMENT: Great Green WallAFRICA RESEARCH BULLETIN: ECONOMIC, FINANCIAL AND TECHNICAL SERIES, Issue 6 2010Article first published online: 3 AUG 2010 No abstract is available for this article. [source] Synthesis and characterization of a cured epoxy resin with a benzoxazine monomer containing allyl groupsJOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE, Issue 6 2010Shiao-Wei Kuo Abstract Vinyl-terminated benzoxazine (VB-a), which can be polymerized through ring-opening polymerization, was synthesized through the Mannich condensation of bisphenol A, formaldehyde, and allylamine. This VB-a monomer was then blended with epoxy resin and then concurrently thermally cured to form an epoxy/VB-a copolymer network. To understand the curing kinetics of this epoxy/VB-a copolymer, dynamic differential scanning calorimetry measurements were performed by the Kissinger and Flynn,Wall,Ozawa methods. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analyses revealed the presence of thermal curing reactions and hydrogen-bonding interactions of the epoxy/VB-a copolymers. Meanwhile, a significant enhancement of the ring-opening and allyl polymerizations of the epoxy was observed. For these interpenetrating polymer networks, dynamic mechanical analysis and thermogravimetric analysis results indicate that the thermal properties increased with increasing VB-a content in the epoxy/VB-a copolymers. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010 [source] Thermal decomposition kinetics of poly(nButMA- b -St) diblock copolymer synthesized by ATRPJOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE, Issue 1 2009Adnan KurtArticle first published online: 8 JUN 200 Abstract The reaction mechanism of decomposition process and the kinetic parameters of the poly(n -butyl methacrylate-b-styrene), poly(nButMA-b-St), diblock copolymer synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at different heating rates. TGA curves showed that the thermal decomposition occurred in one stage. The apparent activation energies of thermal decomposition for copolymer, as determined by the Kissinger's, Flynn,Wall,Ozawa and Tang methods, which does not require knowledge of the reaction mechanism (RM), were 112.52, 116.54, and 113.41 kJ/mol, respectively. The experimental results were compared with master plots, in the range of the Doyle approximation. Analysis of experimental results suggests that in the conversion range studied, 3,18%, the actual RM is an A2 sigmoidal type. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009 [source] Thermal oxidative degradation kinetics of PP and PP/mg (OH)2 flame-retardant compositesJOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE, Issue 3 2007Xiaolang Chen Abstract The thermal stability and thermal oxidative degradation kinetics of polypropylene (PP) and flame-retardant PP composites filled with untreated and treated magnesium hydroxide (MH) in air were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The effect of the heating rate in dynamic measurements (5°C,30°C/min) on kinetic parameters such as activation energy was also investigated. The Kissinger and Flynn,Wall,Ozawa methods were used to determine the apparent activation energy for the degradation of neat PP and flame-retardant PP composites. The results of TGA showed that the addition of untreated or treated MH improved the thermal oxidative stability of PP in air. The kinetic results showed that the apparent activation energy for degradation of flame-retardant PP composites was much higher than that of neat PP, suggesting that the flame retardant used in this work had a great effect on the mechanisms of pyrolysis and combustion of PP. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 1978,1984, 2007 [source] AFRICA-UN: Great Green WallAFRICA RESEARCH BULLETIN: ECONOMIC, FINANCIAL AND TECHNICAL SERIES, Issue 9 2009Article first published online: 2 NOV 200 No abstract is available for this article. [source] Delayed Rupture of the Left Ventricle Inferior Wall: A Diagnostic and Surgical ChallengeJOURNAL OF CARDIAC SURGERY, Issue 2 2009Minoo N. Kavarana M.D. The etiology, factors contributing to the delayed presentation, diagnosis, and management are discussed. [source] Multicontrast black-blood MRI of carotid arteries: Comparison between 1.5 and 3 tesla magnetic field strengthsJOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING, Issue 5 2006Vasily L. Yarnykh PhD Abstract Purpose To compare black-blood multicontrast carotid imaging at 3T and 1.5T and assess compatibility between morphological measurements of carotid arteries at 1.5T and 3T. Materials and Methods Five healthy subjects and two atherosclerosis patients were scanned in 1.5T and 3T scanners with a similar protocol providing transverse T1 -, T2 -, and proton density (PD)-weighted black-blood images using a fast spin-echo sequence with single- (T1 -weighted) or multislice (PD-/T2 -weighted) double inversion recovery (DIR) preparation. Wall and lumen signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and wall/lumen contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were compared in 44 artery cross-sections by paired t -test. Interscanner variability of the lumen area (LA), wall area (WA), and mean wall thickness (MWT) was assessed using Bland-Altman analysis. Results Wall SNR and lumen/wall CNR significantly increased (P < 0.0001) at 3T with a 1.5-fold gain for T1 -weighted images and a 1.7/1.8-fold gain for PD-/T2 -weighted images. Lumen SNR did not differ for single-slice DIR T1 -weighted images (P = 0.2), but was larger at 3T for multislice DIR PD-/T2 -weighted images (P = 0.01/0.03). The LA, WA, and MWT demonstrated good agreement with no significant bias (P 0.5), a coefficient of variation (CV) of <10%, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of >0.95. Conclusion This study demonstrated significant improvement in SNR, CNR, and image quality for high- resolution black-blood imaging of carotid arteries at 3T. Morphologic measurements are compatible between 1.5T and 3T. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] SEASONAL VARIABILITY OF THE ORGANIC-WALLED DINOFLAGELLATE CYST PRODUCTION IN THE COASTAL UPWELLING REGION OFF CAPE BLANC (MAURITANIA): A FIVE-YEAR SURVEY,JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY, Issue 1 2010Karin A. F. Zonneveld A 5-year sediment trap survey in the upwelling area off Cape Blanc (NW Africa) provides information on the seasonal and annual resting cyst production of dinoflagellates, their sinking characteristics and preservation potential. Strong annual variation in cyst production characterizes the region. Cyst production of generally all investigated species, including Alexandrium pseudogonyaulax (Biecheler) T. Horig. ex T. Kita et Fukuyo (cyst genus Impagidinium) and Gonyaulax spinifera (Clap. et J. Lachm.) Diesing (cyst genus Nematosphaeropsis) was enhanced with increasing upper water nutrient and trace-element concentrations. Cyst production of Lingulodinium polyedrum (F. Stein) J. D. Dodge was the highest at the transition between upwelling and upwelling-relaxation. Cyst production of Protoperidinium americanum (Gran et Braarud) Balech, Protoperidinium monospinum (Paulsen) K. A. F. Zonn. et B. Dale, and Protoperidinium stellatum (D. Wall) Balech, and heterotrophic dinoflagellates forming Brigantedinium spp. and Echinidinium aculeatum Zonn., increased most pronouncedly during upwelling episodes. Production of Protoperidinium conicum (Gran) Balech and Protoperidinium pentagonum (Gran) Balech cysts and total diatom valves were related, providing evidence of a predator,prey relationship. The export cyst-flux of E. aculeatum, P. americanum, P. monospinum, and P. stellatum was strongly linked to the flux of total diatom valves and CaCO3, whereas the export production of Echinidinium granulatum Zonn. and Protoperidinium subinerme (Paulsen) A. R. Loebl. correlated with total organic carbon, suggesting potential consumption of diatoms, prymnesiophytes, and organic matter, respectively. Sinking velocities were at least 274 m · d,1, which is in range of the diatom- and coccolith-based phytoplankton aggregates and "slower" fecal pellets. Species-selective degradation did not occur in the water column, but on the ocean floor. [source] Socialist psychotherapy and its dissidentsJOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF THE BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES, Issue 3 2001Christine Leuenberger Ph.D. research associate/lecturerArticle first published online: 17 JUL 200 This article focuses on the history of psychotherapeutic theory and practice in socialist East Germany before the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989. The "official" pre-1989 socialist history of East German psychology is juxtaposed to psychotherapists' post-1989 oral history of the development of Socialist psychological theory and practice. These reconstructive histories draw on embryonic therapeutic practices that diverged from the dominant socialist paradigm. Their existence exemplifies how a state-driven high modernist scheme for remaking society can fail as it does not account for the complex relationship between a state's abstract knowledge and local practices. Moreover, the emphasis therapists put on the prevalence of these alternative practices also reveals how the present post-socialist context becomes an interpretative resource for reconstructing their past. By emphasizing these practices they try to bridge the gap between their past and current practices so as to minimize the transformation that has taken place. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||