Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Visual Screening (visual + screening)
Selected AbstractsDevelopment of a strategy for transgenic studies and monitoring of transgene expression in two closely related Moricandia species possessing a C3 or C3,C4 intermediate photosynthetic phenotypePHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM, Issue 1 2003Vera Thole In order to establish a model system for comparative studies of C3 and C3,C4 intermediate photosynthesis, the development of efficient transformation systems and the monitoring of transgene behaviour and stability were carried out in two closely related Moricandia species (Brassicaceae): the C3,C4 photosynthetic intermediate species M. arvensis and the C3 species M. moricandioides. In this study the green fluorescent protein (gfp) reporter gene was used as a vital marker gene while the use of the , -glucuronidase (gusA) gene was based on the highly sensitive detection of its activity. For Agrobacterium -mediated transformation of leaf explants, a cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter-driven, modified version of gfp, the mgfp5-ER gene and the gusA gene, respectively, were introduced into the new dual binary transformation vector system pGreen/pSoup (Hellens et al. 2000, Plant Mol Bio 42: 819,832). GFP5 produced bright-green fluorescence in transformed tissues that was distinctly detected 5,12 days following transformation in developing calli of the two species. Visual screening, combined with antibiotic selection, enabled early and easy identification of transformation events and contributed to improvements in the transformation strategies. Transgene integration studies demonstrated that mgfp5-ER was inserted with low copy number in the M. arvensis plant lines and the transgene was transmitted in a Mendelian fashion to T1 and T2 progenies. GFP5 expression levels in a population of 100 independent primary transformed M. arvensis plant lines (T0) showed great variation between transformation events (coefficient of variation of 108%). The mgfp5-ER or gusA reporter genes were expressed in 90,95% of the kanamycin-resistant M. arvensis plant lines and in up to 98% of the independent M. moricandioides plant lines. [source] The Effectiveness of a Community-Based Program for Reducing the Incidence of Falls in the Elderly: A Randomized TrialJOURNAL OF AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY, Issue 9 2004Lindy Clemson BAppSc(OT), MAppSc(OT) Objectives: To test whether Stepping On, a multifaceted community-based program using a small-group learning environment, is effective in reducing falls in at-risk people living at home. Design: A randomized trial with subjects followed for 14 months. Setting: The interventions were conducted in community venues, with a follow-up home visit. Participants: Three hundred ten community residents aged 70 and older who had had a fall in the previous 12 months or were concerned about falling. Intervention: The Stepping On program aims to improve fall self-efficacy, encourage behavioral change, and reduce falls. Key aspects of the program are improving lower-limb balance and strength, improving home and community environmental and behavioral safety, encouraging regular visual screening, making adaptations to low vision, and encouraging medication review. Two-hour sessions were conducted weekly for 7 weeks, with a follow-up occupational therapy home visit. Measurements: The primary outcome measure was falls, ascertained using a monthly calendar mailed by each participant. Results: The intervention group experienced a 31% reduction in falls (relative risk (RR)=0.69, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.50,0.96; P=.025). This was a clinically meaningful result demonstrating that the Stepping On program was effective for community-residing elderly people. Secondary analysis of subgroups showed that it was particularly effective for men (n=80; RR=0.32, 95% CI=0.17,0.59). Conclusion: The results of this study renew attention to the idea that cognitive-behavioral learning in a small-group environment can reduce falls. Stepping On offers a successful fall-prevention option. [source] Characterization of Phaffia rhodozyma 3A 4,8 Generated by Low-dose ,-irradiationJOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 9 2004S.H. Lee ABSTRACT: Astaxanthin content, superoxide dismutase activity, catalase activity, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of astaxanthin-hyperproducing mutant 3A 4,8, previously isolated through repeated rounds of ,-irradiation below 10 kGy and visual screening, was examined and compared with wild strain 67,385 and parent strain 2A2N to characterize its mutant. Astaxanthin content of Phaffia rhodozyma was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. After 10 d culture, 3A 4,8 produced 2.5 mg/g yeast, 78% higher astaxanthin content than parent strain. Mutant exhibited lower superoxide dismutase and higher catalase activities than parent strain. TEM study showed mutant had smaller-sized mitochondria than parent strain. These results indicate ,-irradiation is an effective means of mutagenesis for production of carotenoidhyperproducing mutants. [source] Oral cancer awareness for the general practitioner: new approaches to patient careAUSTRALIAN DENTAL JOURNAL, Issue 1 2008CS Farah Abstract In Australia, oral cancer accounts for approximately 2,3 per cent of all cancers, and approximately 1 per cent of deaths from cancer. The incidence of intra-oral cancer is gradually increasing. It is now well established that early detection of potentially malignant disease can improve the clinical outcome for patients, and as such it is the responsibility of dentists to identify such lesions early. To facilitate early detection of suspicious oral lesions several clinical methods of detection can be used. In addition to conventional visual screening of oral tissues with the naked eye under projected incandescent or halogen illumination, there are many clinical diagnostic aids that can be undertaken to help detect oral cancer. In this article we explore clinically available modalities that may be used by the general dental practitioner, and highlight their inherent strengths and weaknesses. [source] | ||||||||||