Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Viral Capsid Antigen (viral + capsid_antigen)
Selected AbstractsReed-Sternberg cells in atypical primary EBV infectionACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 2 2001M Bitsori The presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in the Hodgkin's/Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells of a significant proportion of cases of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is a matter of consideration when a case of presumptive HL has to be differentiated from infectious mononucleosis (IM). A 15-y-old boy was admitted with a presumptive diagnosis of extranodal HL, based on the biopsy of a painless ulcer on the right mandibular alveolar crest. Histologic examination of the lesion was consistent with mixed cellularity HL. The patient additionally presented with hepatosplenomegaly and regional lymphadenopathy. Serology for EBV was indicative of acute infection. Histological examination of regional lymphoid tissue was consistent with immunologic activation due to primary EBV infection. The patient was left untreated, under close observation. All clinical findings resolved within 3 mo and EBV viral capsid antigen (VCA) IgM antibodies converted to negative after 6 mo. A 3-y follow-up period was uneventful. [source] Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) serology for predicting distant metastases in a white juvenile patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and no clinical response to EBV lytic induction therapyHEAD & NECK: JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES & SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK, Issue 11 2006Servi J. C. Stevens PhD Abstract Background. We describe a case of a 16-year-old white girl with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods. At diagnosis, the patient had characteristic immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgG responses to EBNA1, viral capsid antigen (VCA)-p18, and early antigens (EAs), with no detectable EBV DNA in her blood. Combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy resulted in complete remission. Eighteen months later, the patient's IgA responses to EBNA1 and p18 and both IgA and IgG anti-EA increased, without apparent recurrence. Five months later, lung metastases were found. She underwent surgical removal of the lung metastases and conventional chemotherapy, but had intraabdominal lymph node metastasis and mediastinal lesions develop. The patient was then treated with a novel treatment consisting of 5-fluorouracil plus valproic acid and subsequent valganciclovir to induce lytic EBV replication. This resulted in the first detectable EBV DNA levels in the blood but did not result in clinical response. Results. The patient's disease progressed, and the patient declined further cancer treatment and died. Conclusion. In contrast to EBV DNA load, EBV serology was useful in predicting distant NPC metastasis after initial complete remission in this patient. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2006 [source] Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, presenting after 5 years of remissionINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 3 2008Tomonobu Ito MD A 76-year-old woman with multiple edematous erythemas, erosions, and ulcers on the breast and abdomen was admitted to our hospital in June 2005. She had developed granulomatous bleeding lesions in the right nostril 6 years prior to her visit to our dermatology unit. She had been observed at the otorhinolaryngology department of our hospital, and a biopsy was taken from the nasal lesion. Computerized tomography and gallium scintigraphy (67Ga single-photon emission computed tomography) did not reveal any lesions corresponding to the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma. The histologic examination of the nasal specimen rendered a diagnosis of natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma, nasal. Because imaging analysis indicated a small-sized tumor without metastases, oral prednisolone at 20 mg/day was administered for 1 month. The tumor decreased in size and disappeared after 19 months of low-dose steroid therapy. ,Five years after the initial treatment, the patient developed a fever of 38 °C with infiltrated erythemas and erosions on her breast. Erysipelas was initially suspected, but the antimicrobial agent did not show any effect and the multiple infiltrated erythemas and ulcers spread throughout her chest and abdomen (Fig. 1). The lymph nodes were not palpable. The right nasal cavity showed no granulomatous lesions or other signs of abnormality. The peripheral white blood cell count (3000/µL), red blood cell count (3.54 × 106/µL), and platelet count (112 × 103/µL) were reduced. Atypical lymphocytes were not observed. The serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH; 1770 U/L; normal, 224,454 U/L), aspartate aminotransferase (AST; 140 U/L; normal, 10,30 U/L), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT; 57 U/L; normal, 3,29 U/L) levels were elevated. The soluble interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor level was high (25,300 U/mL; normal, 167,497 U/mL). Epstein,Barr virus (EBV) serologic examination showed the immunoglobulin G (IgG) viral capsid antigen (VCA) at 1 : 320 and the EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA) at 1 : 40. IgM VCA and EBV early antigen-diffuse restricted antibody (EA) IgA and IgG were not detectable. Histologic findings from the left chest skin showed a distribution of atypical lymphocytes from the upper dermis to the subcutaneous tissue, and many foamy cells which had phagocytosed the hemocytes (Fig. 2a,b). Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the atypical lymphocytes were sCD3,, CD4,, CD8,, CD20,, CD56+, granzyme B+, and T-cell intracellular antigen (TIA-1) positive. Furthermore, EBV-encoded small RNAs (EBER), detected by in situ hybridization, exhibited a strong signal. The nasal lesions biopsied 6 years previously showed an identical staining pattern with the skin lesions immunohistochemically. Analysis of the T-cell receptor-, (TCR-,), TCR-,, and TCR-, gene did not reveal any clonal rearrangements, but the EBV gene was detected from the skin specimens by Southern blotting. Our patient's condition was diagnosed as a case of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, but the patient had concomitantly developed hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS). She was treated with a combination of steroid pulse therapy and chemotherapy (pirarubicin hydrochloride 30 mg/m2, cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2, vincristine 1 mg/m2, prednisolone 30 mg/m2, etoposide 80 mg/m2). After the first session of chemotherapy, the lesions on the chest and abdomen diminished, but, 2 weeks later, the skin lesions recurred, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) induced by HPS supervened. The patient died as a result of multiple organ failure induced by HPS. Figure 1. Multiple infiltrated erythemas, erosions, and ulcers on the breast and abdomen Figure 2. Histologic findings of a skin biopsy specimen from the left chest (hematoxylin and eosin staining). (a) Dense infiltration of atypical lymphocytes from the upper dermis to the subcutaneous tissue (×40). (b) Many foamy cells had phagocytosed the hemocytes (×400) [source] Significance of detecting epstein-barr,specific sequences in the peripheral blood of asymptomatic pediatric liver transplant recipientsLIVER TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 1 2000Nancy R. Krieger Pediatric allograft recipients are at increased risk for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated illnesses. The early identification and diagnosis of EBV-associated disorders is critical because disease progression can often be curtailed by modification of immunosuppression. We have previously shown that detection of EBV-specific sequences in the circulation by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) correlated well with the clinical symptoms of EBV infection. The purpose of the current study is to determine the significance of detecting EBV-specific sequences by PCR in asymptomatic pediatric liver transplant recipients. Peripheral-blood DNA was analyzed for the EBV genes, coding from the nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1) and the viral capsid antigen (gp220) by PCR. Samples from asymptomatic pediatric liver transplant recipients were analyzed from the immediate postoperative period and at 2- to 4-month intervals thereafter. We followed up 13 of these asymptomatic recipients who tested positive for EBV compared with 7 asymptomatic recipients who tested negative for EBV during the early posttransplantation period. Follow-up ranged from 1.5 to 4 years posttransplantation. Nine patients (69%) initially positive for EBV and asymptomatic ultimately developed symptoms of EBV infection, including fever, lymphadenopathy, rash, respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms, and/or hepatitis. Five of these patients (56%) went on to develop posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder based on histological examination of biopsied tissue and immunohistochemical identification of the EBV antigen/DNA in tissue. This is the first report suggesting that detection of EBV-specific sequences in the absence of symptoms may herald impending EBV-associated disorders. Thus, routine monitoring for circulating EBV sequences in asymptomatic recipients may be useful in the early identification of those at risk for developing EBV-associated disease and its ultimate prevention. (Liver Transpl 2000;6:62-66.) [source] Prevalence of Epstein,Barr virus in Japan: Trends and future predictionPATHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 3 2006Kengo Takeuchi Epstein,Barr virus (EBV) is the causative agent of infectious mononucleosis and some malignancies including EBV-associated-lymphomas. A large portion of adults all over the world are infected with EBV. In children, however, there are geographic variations. Most of the children in Asia and in other developing countries are infected in their early life, before 1 year of age (>90% of 5,9-year-old children are infected), while the age of primary infection is delayed in Western countries (approx. 50% of 5,9-year-old children are infected). The purpose of the present paper was to investigate the recent time trend of the EBV seropositivity among 5,7-year-old children living in Tokyo and its neighboring prefectures. Indirect immunofluorescein study for IgG antibody to viral capsid antigen was performed on 442 archival sera. Before the early 1990s, >80% of 5,7-year-old children were found to be seropositive, while the positivity rate decreased to 59% (P < 0.001) for the years 1995,1999. These results also showed that the delay in the age of primary infection is continuing and that the rate is estimated to be <50% in 2006. This result suggests that the delay will affect the incidence of EBV-associated disorders in Japan. [source] | ||||||||||