Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Very Powerful (very + powerful)
Terms modified by Very Powerful Selected AbstractsSimple verification technique for complex Java bytecode subroutinesCONCURRENCY AND COMPUTATION: PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE, Issue 7 2004Alessandro Coglio Abstract Java is normally compiled to bytecode, which is verified and then executed by the Java Virtual Machine. Bytecode produced via compilation must pass verification. The main cause of complexity for bytecode verification is subroutines, used by compilers to generate more compact code. The techniques to verify subroutines proposed in the literature reject certain programs produced by mundane compilers, are difficult to realize within an implementation of the Java Virtual Machine or are relatively complicated. This paper presents a novel technique which is very simple to understand, implement and prove sound. It is also very powerful: the set of accepted programs has a simple characterization which most likely includes all the code produced by current compilers and which enables future compilers to make more extensive use of subroutines. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Hippocampal gene expression profiling across eight mouse inbred strains: towards understanding the molecular basis for behaviourEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE, Issue 9 2004Cathy Fernandes Abstract Mouse inbred strains differ in many aspects of their phenotypes, and it is known that gene expression does so too. This gives us an opportunity to isolate the genetic aspect of variation in expression and compare it to other phenotypic variables. We have investigated these issues using an eight-strain expression profile comparison with four replicates per strain on Affymetrix MGU74av2 GeneChips focusing on one well-defined brain tissue (the hippocampus). We identified substantial strain-specific variation in hippocampal gene expression, with more than two hundred genes showing strain differences by a very conservative criterion. Many such genetically driven differences in gene expression are likely to result in functional differences including differences in behaviour. A large panel of inbred strains could be used to identify genes functionally involved in particular phenotypes, similar to genetic correlation. The genetic correlation between expression profiles and function is potentially very powerful, especially given the current large-scale generation of phenotypic data on multiple strains (the Mouse Phenome Project). As an example, the strongest genetic correlation between more than 200 probe sets showing significant differences among our eight inbred strains and a ranking of these strains by aggression phenotype was found for Comt, a gene known to be involved in aggression. [source] The Stereostructure of Porphyra-334: An Experimental and Calculational NMR Investigation.HELVETICA CHIMICA ACTA, Issue 3 2007Evidence for an Efficient, Proton Sponge' Abstract The mycosporine-like amino acid (MAA) porphyra-334 (1) is subjected to extensive 1H- and 13C-NMR analysis as well as to density-functional-theory (DFT) calculations. All 1H- and 13C-NMR signals of 1 are assigned, as well as the resonances of prochiral proton pairs. This is achieved by 500-MHz standard COSY, HMQC, and HMBC experiments, as well as by one-dimensional (DPFGSE-NOE) and two-dimensional (NOESY) NOE experiments. Diffusion measurements (DOSY) confirm that 1 is monomeric in D2O solution. DFT Calculations yield 13C-NMR chemical shifts which are in good agreement for species 6 which is the imino N-protonated form of 1. An exceptionally high proton affinity of 265.7,kcal/mol is calculated for 1, indicating that 1 may behave as a very powerful ,proton sponge' of comparable strength as synthetic systems studied so far. Predictions of 13C-NMR chemical shifts by the ,NMRPredict' software are in agreement with the DFT data. The absolute configuration at the ring stereogenic center of 1 is concluded to be (S) from NOE data as well as from similarities with the absolute configuration (S) found in mycosporine-glycine 16. This supports the assumption that 1 is biochemically derived from 3,3- O -didehydroquinic acid (17). The data obtained question the results recently published by a different research group claiming that the configuration at the imino moiety of 1 is (Z), rather than (E) as established by the here presented study. [source] Making R&D More Than Research Plus DevelopmentHIGHER EDUCATION QUARTERLY, Issue 2 2000Geoff Stanton Much criticism of educational research has focussed on the problem of its effective dissemination to practitioners. This paper explores an alternative model, in which research, in some of its modes at least, is linked with development rather than dissemination. This argument is made in the context of further education. Most further education colleges have a tradition of involvement in development work, and many have a senior member of staff responsible for it. An examination of this has led to the conclusion that a two-way link needs to exist between researchers and those who have the role of development manager in colleges. It is argued that a well developed model embracing both research and development could be very powerful, and could establish a new and more productive relationship between colleges and universities. However, it is also argued that this relationship cannot be fully effective without some form of mediation. This requires the creation of a new kind of professional to undertake this function. The model proposed is one in which research and development remain distinct activities, each with their own disciplines and expertise, but where R&D as an integrated concept becomes more than the sum of its parts. [source] Simulation of groundwater dynamics in the North China Plain by coupled hydrology and agricultural modelsHYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES, Issue 16 2006Tadanobu Nakayama Abstract We simulated the effects of irrigation on groundwater flow dynamics in the North China Plain by coupling the NIES Integrated Catchment-based Ecohydrology (NICE) model with DSSAT-wheat and DSSAT-maize, two agricultural models. This combined model (NICE-AGR) was applied to the Hai River catchment and the lower reach of the Yellow River (530 km wide by 840 km long) at a resolution of 5 km. It reproduced excellently the soil moisture, evapotranspiration and crop production of summer maize and winter wheat, correctly estimating crop water use. So, the spatial distribution of crop water use was reasonably estimated at daily steps in the simulation area. In particular, NICE-AGR reproduced groundwater levels better than the use of statistical water use data. This indicates that NICE-AGR does not need detailed statistical data on water use, making it very powerful for evaluating and estimating the water dynamics of catchments with little statistical data on seasonal water use. Furthermore, the simulation reproduced the spatial distribution of groundwater level in 1987 and 1988 in the Hebei Plain, showing a major reduction of groundwater level due mainly to overpumping for irrigation. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Evolution of tropical and extratropical precipitation anomalies during the 1997,1999 ENSO cycleINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY, Issue 8 2001Scott Curtis Abstract The 1997,1999 El Niño,Southern Oscillation (ENSO) period was very powerful, but also well observed. Multiple satellite rainfall estimates combined with gauge observations allow for a quantitative analysis of precipitation anomalies in the tropics and elsewhere accompanying the 1997,1999 ENSO cycle. An examination of the evolution of the El Niño and accompanying precipitation anomalies revealed that a dry Maritime Continent (MC) preceded the formation of positive sea-surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Thirty- to sixty-day oscillations in the winter of 1996,1997 may have contributed to this lag relationship. Furthermore, westerly wind burst events may have maintained the drought over the MC. The warming of the equatorial Pacific was then followed by an increase in convection. A rapid transition from El Niño to La Niña occurred in May 1998, but as early as October,November 1997, precipitation indices captured substantial changes in Pacific rainfall anomalies. The global precipitation patterns for this event were in good agreement with the strong consistent ENSO-related precipitation signals identified in earlier studies. Differences included a shift in precipitation anomalies over Africa during the 1997,1998 El Niño and unusually wet conditions over northeast Australia during the later stages of the El Niño. Also, the typically wet region in the north tropical Pacific was mostly dry during the 1998,1999 La Niña. Reanalysis precipitation was compared with observations during this time period and substantial differences were noted. In particular, the model had a bias towards positive precipitation anomalies and the magnitudes of the anomalies in the equatorial Pacific were small compared with the observations. Also, the evolution of the precipitation field, including the drying of the MC and eastward progression of rainfall in the equatorial Pacific, was less pronounced for the model compared with the observations. Copyright © 2001 Royal Meteorological Society [source] Analysis, synthesis, and diagnostics of antenna arrays through complex-valued neural networksMICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS, Issue 8 2006J. C. Brégains Abstract It is shown in this paper that when artificial neural networks are extended to be complex valued, they can be incorporated as a very powerful and effective tool in the analysis, synthesis, and diagnostics of antenna arrays. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 1512,1515, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21706 [source] Petri nets based FPGA controller of PDP sustainer with half-voltage energy recovery circuit,ASIAN JOURNAL OF CONTROL, Issue 3 2010Jian-Long Kuo Abstract This paper proposes a FPGA controller design of a driver circuit based Petri nets for the Plasma Display Panel (PDP). In such a driver circuit, complicated control logic is required in the PDP sustainer circuit to implement the sustaining voltage waveform. The control logic has the zero-switching behaviour for the driver circuit to provide better efficiency for the driving circuit. Conventionally, the VHDL programmer does not have a systematic way to program the control logic. Time delay problem of logic components in logic controller may occur under high frequency operation. With the help of the proposed Petri nets approach, the VHDL programming for the PDP driver circuit can be easier in a systematic way. Also, this paper illustrates three types of sustainers with Petri nets based FPGA controller. The basic full-bridge and full-voltage sustainers are used to compare the performance with the proposed half-voltage sustainer. Details of the circuit operation are described. From the experimental results, the performance such as efficiency, luminance, and gamma curve are assessed to show the effectiveness of the proposed half-voltage sustainer. It is believed that the proposed Petri nets based control circuit is very powerful for the practical application of the PDP sustainer circuit. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society [source] Woody Pretzels: Spirocycles from Vetiver to Patchouli and Georgywood®CHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY, Issue 6 2008Philip Kraft Abstract This review, including new experimental results, is the summary of a talk at the RSC/SCI conference ,flavours & fragrances 2007' in London, Imperial College, 24,26 September, 2007. Though the third dimension of the receptor models of J.,E. Amoore rarely was exceeding 4,Å, the world of woody odorants such as (+)-cedrol (3; cedarwood), (,)-khusimone (4; vetiver), and (,)-patchoulol (5; patchouli) is anything but flat. Any tricyclic skeleton with a zero-bridge contains a spirocyclic ring system determining its 3D structure, so spirocycles (spira, Lat. pretzel) are the fastest access to the third dimension. In the vetiver family, a spirocyclic mimic 9 of (,)-khusimone (4) was first discovered by chance by Büchi in 1976, and also by chance, we obtained another system, 12, with a characteristic vetiver smell by tandem- Rupe,Nazarov reaction of alkyne diols. A 5-Å distance between a quaternary C-atom and a carbonyl group (or alternative HB acceptor) with an , -methyl or methylene branching is proposed to be the key to their vetiver odor. Upon scale-up of one of these odorants, 24, we discovered a very powerful (0.067,ng/l) impurity with a most typical patchouli scent: the spirocyclic, sterically crowded hydroxy ketone 33 , a most unusual structure for a patchouli odorant. Several spirocyclic hydroxy ketone analogs, also with inverted ring systems such as in 70 and 84, provided new insights into the structure,odor correlation of this family. A superposition analysis indicated the carbonyl function of the hydroxy ketone to overlay on the geminal dimethyl motive of (,)-patchoulol. And indeed, the corresponding hydroxy ketone of patchoulol, 59, synthesized in 13 steps from Cyclal C (63), also emanated a patchouli odor. Finally, the synthesis and olfactory properties of twelve rigid spirocyclic analogs, 95,97, 99,102, and 106,110, of Georgywood® (91) are presented that highlight stereochemical requirements for woody odorants and raise doubts about an , -helical binding motive postulated by Hong and Corey. [source] | |||||||||||||