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Venular Diameter (venular + diameter)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Frequency of Fish Consumption, Retinal Microvascular Signs and Vascular Mortality

MICROCIRCULATION, Issue 1 2008
Shweta Kaushik BMed (Hons)
ABSTRACT Objective: Fish consumption has established cardiovascular and cerebrovascular benefits, but its effects on microvascular structure have not been examined in population-based studies. We investigated this association, in relation to vascular mortality in an Australian cohort (1992,2004). Methods: Of 3654 participants aged 49+ years, 2683 (73%) with available data were included. Retinal arteriolar and venular diameters were measured, and signs of arterio-venous nicking and retinopathy were assessed from digital retinal images. Fish consumption was evaluated using a food frequency questionnaire. Results: Both wider mean arteriolar diameter (p = 0.002) and narrower venular diameter (p = 0.02) were associated with increasing frequency of consuming any or oily fish, after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, diet, inflammatory factors and socioeconomic status. This association was mainly present in persons with hypertension. Greater frequency of fish consumption was associated with a reduced prevalence of arterio-venous nicking and a borderline significant trend for reduced retinopathy prevalence. Ten year stroke-related mortality was significantly lower in persons consuming fish at least once per week compared to less frequent consumption (hazard ratio 0.57, 95% CI: 0.35 to 0.93). Conclusions: Recent evidence shows that narrower arterioles and wider venules may predict vascular events. Our new findings suggest that the vascular protective effects of consuming fish could act, in part, by preventing pathological microvasculature change. [source]

Retinal arterioles have impaired reactivity to hyperoxia in type 1 diabetes

ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 4 2010
Birgitte L. Justesen
Abstract. Purpose:, Diabetes has adverse effects on the retinal microvasculature. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of inhalation of hypoxic, hyperoxic and normoxic,hypercapnic gas mixtures on retinal vessel diameter in people with and without diabetes. Methods:, Sixty-one participants (aged 24,50 years) 29 with (male : female ratio 2.6 : 1) and 32 without (male : female ratio 0.7 : 1) diabetes, inhaled hypoxic, hyperoxic and normoxic,hypercapnic gas mixtures for 3,5 mins. The diameters of arterioles and venules were measured using digital retinal images taken before and after gas inhalation. Results:, There was no significant difference in the diameters of arterioles and venules prior to gas inhalation in people with and without diabetes. Inhalation of the hyperoxic gas mixture caused a statistically significant decrease in arteriolar and venular diameters without altering mean arterial pressure significantly. Arteriolar vasoconstriction in response to the hyperoxic gas mixture was significantly reduced in people with diabetes (3.95% versus 7.75%; p = 0.04), but venular vasoconstriction did not differ significantly. A hypoxic gas mixture caused increased arteriolar and venular diameter and a normoxic,hypercapnic gas mixture had no significant effect on vessel diameter. Responses to hypoxic and normoxic,hypercapnic gas did not differ significantly between diabetes and non-diabetes subjects. Conclusions:, Type 1 diabetes impairs retinal arteriolar responses to hyperoxia. Abnormalities in retinal arteriolar reactivity in response to oxygen may play a role in the development of diabetic retinopathy and this technique may represent a simple means of identifying early abnormalities in the reactivity of retinal arterioles in diabetes. [source]

Frequency of Fish Consumption, Retinal Microvascular Signs and Vascular Mortality

MICROCIRCULATION, Issue 1 2008
Shweta Kaushik BMed (Hons)
ABSTRACT Objective: Fish consumption has established cardiovascular and cerebrovascular benefits, but its effects on microvascular structure have not been examined in population-based studies. We investigated this association, in relation to vascular mortality in an Australian cohort (1992,2004). Methods: Of 3654 participants aged 49+ years, 2683 (73%) with available data were included. Retinal arteriolar and venular diameters were measured, and signs of arterio-venous nicking and retinopathy were assessed from digital retinal images. Fish consumption was evaluated using a food frequency questionnaire. Results: Both wider mean arteriolar diameter (p = 0.002) and narrower venular diameter (p = 0.02) were associated with increasing frequency of consuming any or oily fish, after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, diet, inflammatory factors and socioeconomic status. This association was mainly present in persons with hypertension. Greater frequency of fish consumption was associated with a reduced prevalence of arterio-venous nicking and a borderline significant trend for reduced retinopathy prevalence. Ten year stroke-related mortality was significantly lower in persons consuming fish at least once per week compared to less frequent consumption (hazard ratio 0.57, 95% CI: 0.35 to 0.93). Conclusions: Recent evidence shows that narrower arterioles and wider venules may predict vascular events. Our new findings suggest that the vascular protective effects of consuming fish could act, in part, by preventing pathological microvasculature change. [source]

Retinal arterioles have impaired reactivity to hyperoxia in type 1 diabetes

ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 4 2010
Birgitte L. Justesen
Abstract. Purpose:, Diabetes has adverse effects on the retinal microvasculature. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of inhalation of hypoxic, hyperoxic and normoxic,hypercapnic gas mixtures on retinal vessel diameter in people with and without diabetes. Methods:, Sixty-one participants (aged 24,50 years) 29 with (male : female ratio 2.6 : 1) and 32 without (male : female ratio 0.7 : 1) diabetes, inhaled hypoxic, hyperoxic and normoxic,hypercapnic gas mixtures for 3,5 mins. The diameters of arterioles and venules were measured using digital retinal images taken before and after gas inhalation. Results:, There was no significant difference in the diameters of arterioles and venules prior to gas inhalation in people with and without diabetes. Inhalation of the hyperoxic gas mixture caused a statistically significant decrease in arteriolar and venular diameters without altering mean arterial pressure significantly. Arteriolar vasoconstriction in response to the hyperoxic gas mixture was significantly reduced in people with diabetes (3.95% versus 7.75%; p = 0.04), but venular vasoconstriction did not differ significantly. A hypoxic gas mixture caused increased arteriolar and venular diameter and a normoxic,hypercapnic gas mixture had no significant effect on vessel diameter. Responses to hypoxic and normoxic,hypercapnic gas did not differ significantly between diabetes and non-diabetes subjects. Conclusions:, Type 1 diabetes impairs retinal arteriolar responses to hyperoxia. Abnormalities in retinal arteriolar reactivity in response to oxygen may play a role in the development of diabetic retinopathy and this technique may represent a simple means of identifying early abnormalities in the reactivity of retinal arterioles in diabetes. [source]