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Ventricular Index (ventricular + index)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Correlation between Right Ventricular Indices and Clinical Improvement in Epoprostenol Treated Pulmonary Hypertension Patients

ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, Issue 5 2005
Jayant Nath M.D.
The aim of this study was to evaluate which parameter of right ventricular (RV) echocardiographic best mirrors the clinical status of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension on epoprostenol therapy were identified via hospital registry. Twenty patients, (16 females, 4 males) were included in the study, 9 with primary pulmonary hypertension and 11 with other diseases. Echocardiograms before therapy and at 22.7 (±9.3) months into therapy were compared. The right ventricular myocardial performance index (RVMPI) was measured as the sum of the isometric contraction time and the isometric relaxation time divided by right ventricular ejection time. Other measures included peak tricuspid regurgitation jet velocity (TRV), pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP), pulmonary valve velocity time integral (PVVTI), PASP/PVVTI (as an index of total pulmonary resistance) and symptoms by New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class. Echo parameters of right ventricular function were analyzed in patients, before and during therapy. There was significant improvement of NYHA class in patients following epoprostenol therapy (P < 0.0001). Peak tricuspid regurgitant jet velocity (pre 4.2 ± 0.6 m/sec, post 3.8 ± 0.7 m/sec, P = 0.02) and PASP/PVVTI (pre 6.7 ± 3.3 mmHg/m per second, post 4.8 ± 2.2 mmHg/m per second, P < 0.0001) were significantly improved during treatment. RVMPI did not improve (pre 0.6 ± 0.3, post 0.6 ± 0.3, P = 0.54). Changes in NYHA class did not correlate with changes in RVMPI (P = 0.33) or changes in PASP/PVVTI (P = 0.58). Despite significant improvements in TRV, PASP/PVVTI, and NYHA class, there was no significant change in RVMPI on epoprostenol therapy. Changes in right ventricular indices were not correlated with changes in NYHA class. [source]

Correlation of echocardiography parameters with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in transfusion-dependent thalassaemia major

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, Issue 1 2007
Athanassios Aessopos
Abstract Background and objective:,Heart iron load (cardiac Fe) can be indirectly quantified by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) T2*. CMR accessibility is limited, whereas echocardiography (Echo) is relatively inexpensive and readily available. The objective was to find Echo parameters that may be useful for predicting cardiac Fe. Design and methods:,We compared a number of parameters derived from Echo to cardiac Fe in 142 thalassaemia major patients who had undergone a CMR study. Results:,All patients with decreased left ventricular (LV) function had cardiac Fe. After removing those patients from the analysis, the total diameter index (Tdi) >5.57 cms/m2, left atrial diameter index >2.41 cm/m2, and the diastolic parameter E/A > 1.96 were highly specific (91.4%, 97.1% and 96.9% respectively) but had low sensitivity (31.8%, 20.45% and 21.8%) in predicting iron load. A right ventricular index >1.47 cm/m2, LV systolic index >2.26 cm/m2 or Tdi >6.26 cm/m2 discriminated between patients with no, or mild to moderate cardiac Fe from those with heavy load, with specificity of 91%, 98.5%, and 98.5%, respectively, but with low sensitivity. Interpretation and conclusions:,Echo parameters for cardiac Fe prediction have restricted value, whereas CMR is essential to assess cardiac Fe. However, patients with decreased LV systolic function should be considered a priori as having cardiac Fe, and chelation therapy should be intensified. This also applies to patients who have the above-described Echo criterion values, even if CMR is not available. Once a patient is found by CMR to have cardiac Fe, then the above Echo criterion values may be useful for ongoing monitoring. [source]

The efficacy and safety of external biphasic defibrillation in toy breed dogs

JOURNAL OF VETERINARY EMERGENCY AND CRITICAL CARE, Issue 4 2008
Seung-Gon Lee DVM
Abstract Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of biphasic (BP) defibrillation in toy breed dogs (<5 kg of body weight). Design: Prospective, clinical experimental study. Setting: Veterinary teaching hospital. Animals: Five dogs (pilot study) and 10 dogs (comparison study of biphasic versus monophasic defibrillation). Measurements and main results: The efficacy of defibrillation was compared by estimating E80 (80% probability of successful defibrillation) after biphasic (BP) and monophasic (MP) defibrillations. The E80 for BP defibrillation was 7.24±1.33 J (2.24±0.41 J/kg) and 10.24±1.34 J (3.18±0.12 J/kg) for MP defibrillation. BP waveform required 30% less shock energy for a successful defibrillation. In order to compare the safety of defibrillation, we evaluated changes in cardiac biomarkers, electrocardiogram, echocardiographical left ventricular index, and aortic pressure during and after BP and MP defibrillation. All dogs treated by either BP or MP defibrillation survived. Pulseless electrical activity occurred in 2 of 5 dogs during MP defibrillation. The levels of cardiac biomarkers were elevated and sustained for longer periods in the MP defibrillation group. Electrocardiographic changes (e.g., QT prolongation, the time to return to an isoelectric ST segment after shocks) were more severe and longer in the MP defibrillation group. In addition, overall left ventricular cardiac performance was severely depressed in the MP group compared with the BP group. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that BP defibrillation is more effective and safer than MP defibrillation. We determined the acceptable shock energy to be 2,4 J/kg for toy breed dogs. [source]

G,q -PROTEIN CARBOXYL TERMINUS IMITATION POLYPEPTIDE GCIP-27 ATTENUATES CARDIAC HYPERTROPHY IN VITRO AND IN VIVO

CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY, Issue 12 2007
Hai-Gang Zhang
SUMMARY 1Various Gq -protein-coupled receptors, such as ,1 -adrenoceptors, angiotension AT1 receptors, endothelin ETA receptors, neuropeptide Y1 receptors etc., contribute to cardiac hypertrophy. In G-protein signalling pathways, the carboxyl terminus of the G, subunit plays a vital role within G-protein,receptor interaction. The present study was designed to explore the effects of the synthetic G,q carboxyl terminal imitation peptide GCIP-27 on cardiac hypertrophy. 2Hypertrophy of rat cultured cardiomyocytes was induced by noradrenaline (NA) or angiotensin (Ang) II in vitro. Protein content, [3H] incorporation and [Ca2+]i were determined in cardiomyocytes cultured with GCIP-27. Three in vivo animal models of cardiac hypertrophy were prepared using intraperitoneal injections of NA in mice and rats and suprarenal abdominal aortic stenosis in rats. After treatment with GCIP-27 (10,100 µg/L) for 15 or 20 days, indices of cardiac hypertrophy were measured. The effect of GCIP-27 on the mRNA expression of c-fos and c-jun was detected using reverse transcription,polymerase chain reaction. 3At 10,100 µg/L, GCIP-27 significantly decreased protein content and [3H]-leucine incorporation in cultured cardiomyocytes compared with 1 µmol/L NA- and 1 µmol/L AngII-treated groups. After treatment with GCIP-27 (10, 30 or 100 µg/kg) for 15 days, the heart index (HI) and left ventricular index (LVI) in mice decreased significantly compared with the NA control group. In rats, GCIP-27 significantly reduced HI and LVI compared with the NA and aortic stenosis groups. Moreover, [Ca2+]i in cardiomyocytes in the GCIP-27 (3, 10, 30 µg/L)-treated groups was lower than that in the control groups. Expression of c-fos and c-jun mRNA decreased significantly in the myocardium from 5,45 µg/L GCIP-27-treated rats compared with NA controls. 4The results indicate that GCIP-27 can attenuate cardiac hypertrophy effectively in various models in vitro and in vivo. [source]