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Ventricular Filling (ventricular + filling)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences83%

Terms modified by Ventricular Filling

  • ventricular filling pressure
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    Selected Abstracts

    Acoustic videodensitometric parameters correlate with abnormalities of left ventricular filling in hypertensive patients assessed via doppler tissue imaging

    JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND, Issue 8 2007
    Paul Coulon
    Abstract Purpose Using a videodensitometric technique developed in our center we investigated whether the amplitude of variation of gray levels in the interventricular septum was related to functional parameters, especially ventricular filling as studied by doppler tissue imaging (DTI) in hypertensive patients. Methods and Results We included 35 hypertensive patients from whom we recorded a two dimensional sequence of the left ventricle from the short axis parasternal view and a doppler tissue scan of the mitral ring. Two-dimensional sections were then analyzed with Iodp software to measure variations in levels of gray in the septum. We observed significant correlations between these variations and the velocity of the Ea wave on DTI of the lateral wall (r = 0.49, p < 0.002). On dividing this population into three sub-groups according to the Appleton classification of ventricular filling, we noted a tendency to a reduction in amplitude of variations of gray of the septum in cases with abnormalities of relaxation. This was even more marked in cases with a restrictive or pseudo-normal profile. Conclusion These observations point to the interest of sonographic videodensitometry in the evaluation of hypertensive cardiopathy. Further studies will be required to determine whether it can define the extent of the abnormalities of myocardial structure and the degree of fibrosis. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2007 [source]

    ,Dynamic' Starling mechanism: effects of ageing and physical fitness on ventricular,arterial coupling

    THE JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY, Issue 7 2008
    Shigeki Shibata
    Cardiovascular diseases increase with advancing age, associated with left ventricular and arterial stiffening in humans. In contrast, daily exercise training prevents and/or improves both ventricular and arterial stiffening with ageing. We propose a new approach to quantify the dynamics of the Starling mechanism, namely the beat-to-beat modulation of stroke volume (SV) caused by beat-to-beat alterations in left ventricular filling, which we propose reflects the complex interaction between ventricular and arterial stiffness. We hypothesized that the dynamic Starling mechanism would be impaired with ageing, and that this impairment would be prevented and restored by daily exercise training. Two different approaches were employed: (1) a cross-sectional study to assess the effects of ageing and life-long exercise training; and (2) a longitudinal study to assess the effects of one-year endurance training in the elderly. Spectral transfer function gain between beat-to-beat changes in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and SV was used as an index of the dynamic Starling mechanism. Gain was significantly lower in the sedentary elderly (70 ± 3 years) than in both young individuals (27 ± 6 years) and Masters athletes (68 ± 3 years), and it was significantly lower in Masters athletes than in young controls (elderly: 0.37 ± 0.11; Masters athletes: 0.96 ± 0.55; young: 1.52 ± 0.42 ml m,2 mmHg,1, mean ±s.d.). Gain increased by 65% after one-year exercise training in the elderly, although the response was quite variable (P= 0.108). These findings suggest that the dynamic Starling mechanism is impaired with human ageing possibly due to ventricular,arterial stiffening. Life-long daily exercise training may minimize this impairment, although the effect may be limited particularly when started later in life. [source]

    Systematic review of the literature for the use of oesophageal Doppler monitor for fluid replacement in major abdominal surgery

    ANAESTHESIA, Issue 1 2008
    S. M. Abbas
    Summary The use of intra-operative Doppler oesophageal probes provides continuous monitoring of cardiac output. This enables optimisation of intravascular volume and tissue perfusion in major abdominal surgery, which is thought to reduce postoperative complications and shorten hospital stay. Medline and EMBASE were searched using the standard methodology of the Cochrane collaboration for trials that compared oesophageal Doppler monitoring with conventional clinical parameters for fluid replacement in patients undergoing major elective abdominal surgery. Data from randomised controlled trials were entered and analysed in Meta-view in Rev -Man 4.2 (Nordic, Denmark). We included five studies that recruited 420 patients undergoing major abdominal surgery who were randomly allocated to receive either intravenous fluid treatment guided by monitoring ventricular filling using oesophageal Doppler monitor or fluid administration according to conventional parameters. Pooled analysis showed a reduced hospital stay in the intervention group. Overall, there were fewer complications and ICU admissions, and less requirement for inotropes in the intervention group. Return of normal gastro-intestinal function was also significantly faster in the intervention group. Oesophageal Doppler use for monitoring and optimisation of flow-related haemodynamic variables improves short-term outcome in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. [source]

    Is Rhythm-Control Superior to Rate-Control in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Diastolic Heart Failure?

    ANNALS OF NONINVASIVE ELECTROCARDIOLOGY, Issue 3 2010
    Melissa H. Kong M.D.
    Background: Although no clinical trial data exist on the optimal management of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with diastolic heart failure, it has been hypothesized that rhythm-control is more advantageous than rate-control due to the dependence of these patients' left ventricular filling on atrial contraction. We aimed to determine whether patients with AF and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (EF) survive longer with rhythm versus rate-control strategy. Methods: The Duke Cardiovascular Disease Database was queried to identify patients with EF > 50%, heart failure symptoms and AF between January 1,1995 and June 30, 2005. We compared baseline characteristics and survival of patients managed with rate- versus rhythm-control strategies. Using a 60-day landmark view, Kaplan-Meier curves were generated and results were adjusted for baseline differences using Cox proportional hazards modeling. Results: Three hundred eighty-two patients met the inclusion criteria (285 treated with rate-control and 97 treated with rhythm-control). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 93.2%, 69.3%, and 56.8%, respectively in rate-controlled patients and 94.8%, 78.0%, and 59.9%, respectively in rhythm-controlled patients (P > 0.10). After adjustments for baseline differences, no significant difference in mortality was detected (hazard ratio for rhythm-control vs rate-control = 0.696, 95% CI 0.453,1.07, P = 0.098). Conclusions: Based on our observational data, rhythm-control seems to offer no survival advantage over rate-control in patients with heart failure and preserved EF. Randomized clinical trials are needed to verify these findings and examine the effect of each strategy on stroke risk, heart failure decompensation, and quality of life. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2010;15(3):209,217 [source]

    Childhood cardiac function after twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome , a 10-year follow up

    ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 9 2009
    CP Halvorsen
    Abstract Aim:, To perform a 10-year follow up of cardiac structure and function after twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) , a severe foetal circulatory complication associated with myocardial hypertrophy in the recipient twin. Methods:, Cardiac dimensions, systolic and diastolic function as assessed by echocardiography including flow and tissue Doppler velocimetry in 22 healthy survivors of TTTS with a mean age of 9.6 (7.2,11.8) years. Results:, The donor and recipient twin did not show any differences in end-diastolic ventricular size, interventricular septum thickness, diameter of right ventricular outflow tract, cardiac valves, coronary arteries or in systolic blood flow velocities. However, compared with the donors, the recipients had significantly lower E/A ratios because of lower E-waves in both mitral (,0.15 ± 0.10, p < 0.01) and tricuspid (,0.09 ± 0.07, p < 0.01) valves, indicating reduced early diastolic ventricular fillings compared with donors. Conclusion:, At school age, twins surviving TTTS had a cardiac structure and function within normal range. There were no differences in heart structure or systolic ventricular function between twins but, compared with the donor twin, we found a reduced early diastolic function in the recipient. [source]