Home  About us  Contact
 

Vein Cross-sectional Area (vein + cross-sectional_area)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Effects of reverse Trendelenburg position and inguinal compression on femoral vein cross-sectional area in infants and young children

ANAESTHESIA, Issue 4 2009
E. H. Suk
Summary This study evaluated the effects of the reverse Trendelenburg position and additional inguinal compression on the cross-sectional area of the femoral vein in paediatric patients. Seventy subjects were allocated to two groups: the infants group and the children group. Cross-sectional area of the femoral vein was measured just below the inguinal ligament using ultrasound. Three measurements were obtained for each patient: (i) supine, (ii) reverse Trendelenburg position and (iii) reverse Trendelenburg position with inguinal compression. In the infants group, femoral vein cross-sectional area increased by a mean (SD) of 21.1 (15.2) % in the reverse Trendelenburg position and by 60.7 (30.8) % in the reverse Trendelenburg position with inguinal compression; whereas in the children group, femoral vein cross-sectional area increased by 24.7 (15.8) % in the reverse Trendelenburg position and by 100.3 (50.7) % in the reverse Trendelenburg position with inguinal compression. Inguinal compression in the reverse Trendelenburg position offers a useful means of increasing femoral vein cross-sectional area in paediatric patients. [source]

Comparison of liver hemodynamics according to doppler ultrasonography in alcoholic patients subtyped by Cloninger classification and non-alcoholic healthy subjects

ACTA NEUROPSYCHIATRICA, Issue 1 2006
Z. Sumru Cosar
Background:, The aim of this study was to search for morphological and hemodynamic changes in hepatic and splanchnic vasculature in alcoholic patients without the signs of hepatic damage and subtyped by Cloninger classification by means of sonography, and compare the subtypes among themselves and with nonalcoholic healthy subjects. Methods:, Thirty alcohol dependent patients and 30 healthy subjects with no alcohol problem or hepatic impairment were included in the study. Patients were subtyped by Cloninger classification and all patients were evaluated by gray-scale and spectral Doppler ultrasound. The diameter of the portal vein, portal venous velocity, peak systolic and end diastolic velocities of hepatic and superior mesenteric arteries were assessed. RI, PI and systolic/diastolic velocity ratios were also calculated. Results:, Portal vein diameter (PV diameter), portal vein cross sectional area (PV area), portal vein velocity (PV PSV), hepatic artery peak systolic velocity (HA PSV), hepatic artery end diastolic velocity (HA EDV), hepatic artery resistive index (HA RI), hepatic artery pulsatility index (HA PI), and systolic/diastolic velocity ratios (HA S/D), superior mesenteric artery peak systolic velocity (SMA PSV), superior mesenteric artery end diastolic velocity (SMA EDV), superior mesenteric artery resistive indices (SMA RI), pulsatility index (SMA PI), and systolic/diastolic velocity rates (SMA S/D) showed no significant difference among the groups (P > 0.01). Although there is no significant difference in PV PSV, HA PSV, SMA PSV, SMA EDV values between the groups, mean values of Type II alcoholics is greater than other groups. Portal vein cross-sectional area was greater in alcoholic patients (Type I, II and III) compared to the control group (P = 0.000). Portal vein velocity, hepatic artery peak systolic and end diastolic velocity, superior mesenteric artery peak systolic and end diastolic velocity were significantly greater in alcoholic patients than in the control group (P < 0.001). No statistical difference was detected between other parameters evaluated. Conclusion:, In alcohol dependent patients, some hemodynamic and morphologic changes occur in hepatic and splanchnic circulation, even before the signs of hepatic damage develop, which can be detected by means of Doppler and gray-scale sonography. But as there is no significant difference between the Doppler ultrasonographic findings among alcoholics subtyped by a Cloninger classification, which is a clinical classification, it suggests that psychiatric classification doesn't show any correlation with biological parameters, and because of this Cloninger classification a psychiatric classification cannot be considered as a characteristic determinative factor in the prognosis of hepatic disorder due to alcohol use. However, higher values of Type II alcoholics can be attributed to the longer alcohol intake of this subtype. [source]

The Effect of Rigid Cervical Collars on Internal Jugular Vein Dimensions

ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 1 2010
Michael B. Stone MD
Abstract Objectives:, Prior research has demonstrated that rigid cervical collars cause an increase in intracranial pressure (ICP). The mechanism for this effect is unclear and one proposed mechanism involves obstruction of venous outflow in the neck. Ultrasound (US) allows assessment of internal jugular vein dimensions and may yield information regarding the mechanism for the increase in ICP seen with rigid collar application. Methods:, Forty-two healthy volunteers underwent US examination of the internal jugular vein before and after cervical collar application. Internal jugular vein cross-sectional areas were compared with and without the cervical collar in place. Results:, The cross-sectional area of the internal jugular vein increased significantly (p < 0.0001) after application of the cervical collar. The mean percentage increase in cross-sectional area was 37% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 20% to 53%). Conclusions:, Internal jugular vein cross-sectional area increases after application of a rigid cervical collar. This supports the hypothesis that venous obstruction in the neck may contribute to the increase in ICP seen after rigid collar application. ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2010; 17:100,102 © 2009 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine [source]