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Various Proportions (various + proportion)
Selected AbstractsCytological features of lipoblastoma: A report of three casesDIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 3 2005Ph.D., V. Veronika Kloboves-Prevodnik M.D. Abstract Lipoblastoma is a rare benign neoplasm occurring mostly in children under the age of three. Accurate preoperative diagnosis is mandatory for planning the treatment. The main aim of this study is to establish the cytological features of lipoblastoma and to answer the question: "Is cytological diagnosis of lipoblastoma reliable?" Preoperative fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and tissue sections of three children treated for lipoblastoma at the Division of Pediatrics, University Medical Center, Ljubljana, Slovenia, in the period from 1997 to 2004 were reexamined. The Giemsa- and Papanicolaou-stained FNAB smears were moderately or poorly cellular and contained lipocytes, lipoblasts, and spindle cells in various proportions. The tumor cells were in clusters and tissue fragments or as single cells. Thin branching capillaries were observed in most of the clusters and tissue fragments. In the background, abundant myxoid extracellular material and naked oval nuclei were present. In the first case, the cytological diagnosis was benign soft-tissue tumor, in the second the diagnosis was not conclusive and the last case was correctly diagnosed as lipoblastoma. In the differential diagnosis of the second case, both lipoblastoma and liposarcoma were considered cytologically as well as histologically. At 7-yr follow-up, there is no evidence of the disease. Thus, we conclude that lipoblastoma with typical cytological features could be accurately diagnosed by FNAB. However, tumors containing numerous lipoblasts could pose a diagnostic problem. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2005;33:195,200. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation of glycoproteins bearing Man5GlcNAc2 and Man9GlcNAc2 species in the MI8-5 CHO cell lineFEBS JOURNAL, Issue 2 2004François Foulquier Endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation of newly synthesized glycoproteins has been demonstrated previously using various mammalian cell lines. Depending on the cell type, glycoproteins bearing Man9 glycans and glycoproteins bearing Man5 glycans can be efficiently degraded. A wide variety of variables can lead to defective synthesis of lipid-linked oligosaccharides and, therefore, in mammalian cells, species derived from Man9GlcNAc2 or Man5GlcNAc2 are often recovered on newly synthesized glycoproteins. The degradation of glycoproteins bearing these two species has not been studied. We used a Chinese hamster ovary cell line lacking Glc-P-Dol-dependent glucosyltransferase I to generate various proportions of Man5GlcNAc2 and Man9GlcNAc2 on newly synthesized glycoproteins. By studying the structure of the soluble oligomannosides produced by degradation of these glycoproteins, we demonstrated the presence of a higher proportion of soluble oligomannosides originating from truncated glycans, showing that glycoproteins bearing Man5GlcNAc2 glycans are degraded preferentially. [source] Yield and stability of yield of single- and multi-clover grass-clover swards in two contrasting temperate environmentsGRASS & FORAGE SCIENCE, Issue 3 2009B. E. Frankow-Lindberg Abstract Diversity of clovers in grass-clover swards may contribute to greater herbage yields and stability of yield. This possible effect was evaluated in an experiment carried out over three harvest years at two contrasting sites, differing in precipitation and soil composition, using mixed swards containing either one, two or three clover species sown together with timothy (Phleum pratense L.) and meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis L.). The clover species were red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), white clover (Trifolium repens L.) and alsike clover (Trifolium hybridum L.) sown in various proportions in a total of ten treatments. All swards were fertilized with nitrogen with amounts that increased from year to year, and three harvests were taken in three consecutive years. There was a significant interaction between site and species mixture on total dry matter (DM) yields (range 27,32 tonnes ha,1) and DM yields of clovers (range 5,15 tonnes ha,1); red clover as a single species or in a mixture was superior at the dry site while multi-clover species mixtures were superior at the wet site. Alsike clover was the least productive species of clover. Stability of yield of clovers was generally higher by including white and red clover in the seed mixture but total DM yield was not. [source] Compatibility studies with blends based on poly(n -butyl methacrylate) and polyacrylonitrileJOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE, Issue 6 2010Zhaogang Ge Abstract In this study, poly(n -butyl methacrylate) (PBMA) was prepared by a suspension polymerization process, and blending with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) in N,N -dimethyl acetamide to prepare PAN/PBMA blends in various proportions. Hansen's three dimensional solubility parameters of PAN and PBMA were calculated approximately through the contributions of the structural groups. The compatibility in these blend systems was studied with theoretical calculations as well as experimental measurements. Viscometric methods, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis were used for this investigation. All the results showed that a partial compatibility existed in PAN/PBMA blend system, which may be due to the intermolecular interactions between the two polymers. And, the adsorption experiment results showed that the addition of PBMA contributed to the enhancing adsorptive properties of blend fibers, which lays the foundation for further studying PAN/PBMA blend fibers with adsorptive function. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010 [source] EFFECT OF OLIVE OIL AND GLYCEROL ON PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF WHEY PROTEIN CONCENTRATE FILMSJOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESS ENGINEERING, Issue 5 2008MAJID JAVANMARD ABSTRACT Olive oil was incorporated into whey protein through emulsification to produce films. Whey protein films were prepared by dispersing 10% protein in distilled water; and plasticized with different levels of glycerol (glycerol : protein [Gly : pro ] = 0.5 and 0.6). Olive oil was added at different levels (oil : pro = 0.0, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4). The emulsion films were evaluated for mechanical properties, water vapor permeability (WVP) and opacity. Increasing the levels of Gly or olive oil in the films led to decreases in modulus and tensile strength. Increasing Gly content of films at oil/pro ratios of 0.2, 0.4 led to slight increases in elongation (EL). Increasing the oil : pro ratio further resulted in a decrease in EL for all films. No significant difference in WVP and opacity was observed between films made from mixtures of various proportions of whey protein concentrate,Gly with increasing olive oil (addition) at all levels of the plasticizer. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS The main advantages of using edible films are extending food shelf life, improving food quality, adding value to the edible film-forming polymer and reducing synthetic packaging materials. Whey, obtained as a by-product in cheese, is produced in large quantities and has excellent functional properties and could potentially be used for edible films. [source] Lobular capillary hemangioma of the oral mucosa: Clinicopathological study of 43 cases with a special reference to immunohistochemical characterization of the vascular elementsPATHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 1 2003Makoto Toida Clinical and histopathological features were investigated in 43 cases of oral lobular capillary hemangiomas (LCH) with a special reference to characteristics of the vascular elements. The lesions affected females more than males by a ratio of 1:1.5. Average age of the patients was 52.7 years. The lesions involved the gingiva (n = 15), the tongue (n = 13), the labial mucosa (n = 10) and other sites. The lesions appeared usually as a pedunculated mass with ulceration; size of the lesions was up to 15 mm. Histologically, a lobular area and an ulcerative area were distinguished. The density of vessels was about 1045/mm2 and 160/mm2 in the lobular and ulcerative areas, respectively. The average diameter of the vascular lumen was 9.1 5.6 mm (range: 2.8,42.0 mm) and 18.8 20.9 mm (range: 5.6,139.7 mm) in the lobular and ulcerative areas, respectively. In the lobular area, most of the vessels had an inner layer of endothelial cells showing positive reaction for von Willebrand factor (vWF) and CD34, as well as an outer layer of mesenchymal cells showing positive reaction for alpha-smooth muscle actin (ASMA). However, in the ulcerative area, there was a variety of types of vessels consisting of various proportions of both endothelial and ASMA-positive perivascular mesenchymal cells. These results indicate that most of the vascular elements in the lobular area resemble more pericapillary microvascular segments than they do capillaries. Thus, the authors propose the term ,lobular pericapillary hemangioma' to represent this type of lesion. [source] Degradation and adsorption of terbuthylazine and chlorpyrifos in biobed biomixtures from composted cotton crop residuesPEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE (FORMERLY: PESTICIDE SCIENCE), Issue 10 2010Konstantina Kravvariti Abstract BACKGROUND: Biobeds have been well studied in northern Europe, whereas little is known regarding their use in southern Europe. The degradation and adsorption of terbuthylazine (TA) and chlorpyrifos (CP) were studied in three different biomixtures composed of composted cotton crop residues, soil and straw in various proportions, and also in sterilised and non-sterilised soil. RESULTS: Compost biomixtures degraded the less hydrophobic TA at a faster rate than soil, while the opposite was evident for the more hydrophobic CP. These results were attributed to the rapid abiotic hydrolysis of CP in the alkaline soil (pH 8.5) compared with the lower pH of the compost (6.6), but also to the increasing adsorption (Kd = 746 mL g,1) and reduced bioavailability of CP in the biomixtures compared with soil (Kd = 17 mL g,1), as verified by the adsorption studies. CONCLUSIONS: Compost had a dual but contrasting effect on degradation that depended on the chemical nature of the pesticide studied: a positive effect towards TA owing to increasing biodegradation and a negative effect towards CP owing to increasing adsorption. Overall, composted cotton crop residues could be potentially used in local biobed systems in Greece, as they promoted the degradation of hydrophilic pesticides and the adsorption of hydrophobic pesticides. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry [source] Short wavelength light reflecting films from side-chain liquid crystal homopolymers with chiral spacersPOLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES, Issue 9 2001J. M. G. Cowie Abstract A series of acrylate monomers with alkoxy tails of varying lengths are synthesised and polymerised. The butoxy analogue had a stable enantiotropic cholesteric liquid crystalline phase which formed a grandjean texture when prepared as a thin film between glass slides. The polymer was mixed with a low molar mass nematic liquid crystal in various proportions and the pitch of the chiral nematic phases were determined using a cano-wedge cell technique. The polymer prepared from (S)-2-(4-butoxyphenyl-4,-benzoyloxy)-1-methyl ethyl acrylate had a pitch length of 113,nm which indicates that the polymer film could be employed in optical devices requiring selective reflection of light with short wavelengths in the region of 170,nm. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Effects of sepsis on mast cells in rat dura mater: influence of L -NAME and VIPBRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY, Issue 7 2001F Tore The influence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis on the various mast cell phenotypes of rat dura mater were examined both by immunohistochemical and biochemical methods. Three different populations of mast cells were identified in control rats: connective tissue type mast cells (CTMC) which contain rat mast cell protease1 (RMCP1), histamine, serotonin and heparin, mucosal type mast cells (MMC) which contain RMCP2, histamine and serotonin, and intermediate type which contains both RMCP1 and RMCP2 and probably various proportions of amines and heparin. LPS (25 mg kg,1 i.p.) caused changes in the proportions of the various types of mast cells. The number of MMC and intermediate type mast cells significantly increased and the number of mast cells immunopositive for both heparin and serotonin significantly decreased. Biochemical analysis showed that the histamine concentration of dura increased while its serotonin concentration decreased. While vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) (25 ng kg,1 i.p.) appears to potentiate LPS effects on dura mater mast cells, non-selective inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthase by Ng -nitro- L -arginine methyl ester (L -NAME) (30 mg kg,1 i.p.) did not influence sepsis-induced mast cell changes. These findings suggest that mast cells of dura mater may play a role in brain protection during sepsis. British Journal of Pharmacology (2001) 134, 1367,1374; doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0704412 [source] | ||||||||||||||||