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Universal Intervention (universal + intervention)
Selected AbstractsHepatitis B vaccination in prisons: a much-needed targeted universal interventionADDICTION, Issue 2 2010MICHAEL FARRELL No abstract is available for this article. [source] The Relationship Between School Policies and Youth Tobacco Use*JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, Issue 1 2009Monica L. Adams MPH ABSTRACT BACKGROUND:, The school setting is frequently used both to educate youth about risks involved in tobacco use and to implement tobacco prevention and cessation programs. Given that school-based programs have resulted in limited success, it is necessary to identify other setting-level intervention strategies. School tobacco policies represent a type of universal intervention that might have some promise for preventing or reducing tobacco use. METHODS:, Hierarchical linear modeling was used to assess whether school tobacco policies were related to observations of tobacco use and current smoking among 16,561 seventh through twelfth graders attending 40 middle and high schools in Illinois. RESULTS:, Results indicated that the enforcement of school tobacco policies, but not the comprehensiveness of those policies, was associated with fewer observations of tobacco use by minors on school grounds as well as lower rates of current smoking among students. CONCLUSIONS:, The school setting is a key system to impact youth tobacco use. Findings underscore the need to train school personnel to enforce school tobacco policy. [source] Prosper study of evidence-based intervention implementation quality by community,university partnershipsJOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 8 2007Richard Spoth This study examined a community,university partnership model for sustained, high-quality implementation of evidence-based interventions. In the context of a randomized study, it assessed whether implementation quality for both family-focused and school-based universal interventions could be achieved and maintained through community,university partnerships. It also conducted exploratory analyses of factors influencing implementation quality. Results revealed uniformly high rates of both implementation adherence,averaging over 90%,and of other indicators of implementation quality for both family-focused and school-based interventions. Moreover, implementation quality was sustained across two cohorts. Exploratory analyses failed to reveal any significant correlates for family-intervention implementation quality, but did show that some team and instructor characteristics were associated with school-based implementation quality. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comm Psychol 35: 981,999, 2007. [source] Traumatic Events Involving Friends and Family Members in a Sample of African American Early AdolescentsAMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPSYCHIATRY, Issue 3 2009Esther J. Jenkins PhD The current study examines violent and nonviolent traumatic events involving friends and family members as predictors of PTSD, depression, internalizing, and externalizing behaviors in a sample of 403 African American early adolescents from chronically violent environments. Although there are many studies of urban children's exposure to community violence, few address the unique contribution of events involving significant others, and almost no research addresses African American youths' exposure to traumatic events other than violence. This study found that violent and nonviolent traumatic events were pervasive in the lives of these urban youth, and that they were as likely to report loss and injury of a close other through an accident as an act of violence. There were strong gender differences in the data. Unexpectedly, injury or loss of a close friend or family member from nonviolent events, but not from violent events, predicted PTSD, internalizing, and depression for boys. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for school-based universal interventions in communities where large numbers of children live with loss and trauma. [source] |