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Trial Evaluating (trial + evaluating)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%

Kinds of Trial Evaluating

  • clinical trial evaluating
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    Selected Abstracts

    Sexual Function and Obstructive Sleep Apnea,Hypopnea: A Randomized Clinical Trial Evaluating the Effects of Oral-Appliance and Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy

    THE JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE, Issue 4ii 2007
    Aarnoud Hoekema DMD
    ABSTRACT Introduction., The obstructive sleep apnea,hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is associated with sexual dysfunction. Although successful treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has been demonstrated to improve sexual function, the effects of oral-appliance therapy are unknown. Aim., The aims of this study were to determine to what extent untreated male OSAHS patients experience sexual dysfunctions compared with control subjects, and second, to evaluate the effects of oral-appliance and CPAP therapy on sexual functioning. Methods., Sexual functioning was determined in 48 OSAHS patients with the Golombok Rust inventory of sexual satisfaction (GRISS) and a testosterone measurement. GRISS outcomes were compared with 48 age-matched male controls without any sexual problems. Patients were randomized for either oral-appliance or CPAP therapy. After 2,3 months of treatment, the GRISS and testosterone measurements were repeated. Main Outcome Measure., The outcomes on the GRISS were used as the main outcome measure. Results., Compared with controls, OSAHS patients had significantly more erectile dysfunction (mean ± standard deviation; OSAHS 8.7 ± 3.8 vs. controls 6.8 ± 2.6) and sexual dissatisfaction (mean ± standard deviation; OSAHS 9.7 ± 4.2 vs. controls 8.1 ± 2.6) as indicated by the GRISS. No significant changes in the GRISS or testosterone levels were observed in the 20 and 27 patients completing the follow-up review for oral-appliance and CPAP therapy. A correlation was demonstrated between the extent of erectile dysfunction at baseline and improvements in erectile function following treatment (r = ,0.547, P = 0.000). Conclusions., This study confirms that male OSAHS patients show more sexual dysfunctions compared with age-matched control subjects. Although significant improvements in sexual functioning in neither the oral-appliance nor CPAP-treated group could be established, our findings suggest that untreated OSAHS patients with pronounced erectile dysfunction experience some improvement following treatment. Hoekema A, Stel A-L, Stegenga B, van der Hoeven JH, Wijkstra PJ, van Driel MF, and de Bont LGM. Sexual function and obstructive sleep apnea,hypopnea: A randomized clinical trial evaluating the effects of oral-appliance and continuous positive airway pressure therapy. J Sex Med 2007;4:1153,1162. [source]

    A Double-blind Randomized Clinical Trial Evaluating the Analgesic Efficacy of Ketorolac versus Butorphanol for Patients with Suspected Biliary Colic in the Emergency Department

    ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 8 2008
    Jon C. Olsen MD
    Abstract Objectives:, Patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with suspected biliary colic often require intravenous (IV) analgesia. The choice of IV analgesia typically includes opioids and ketorolac. Although ultrasound (US) is the initial diagnostic study in these patients, nondiagnostic scans and a high clinical suspicion may require the patient to undergo hepatobiliary scintigraphy (HIDA). Opioids such as morphine interfere with the HIDA scan and thus may limit its value as an analgesic in the ED for these patients. Analgesics that do not interfere with HIDA scanning include ketorolac and butorphanol, an opioid agonist,antagonist. This study evaluates the efficacy of IV ketorolac compared to butorphanol for the treatment of biliary colic pain in the ED. Methods:, Between June 2005 and February 2007, a convenience sample of patients presenting to the ED with abdominal pain suspected to be biliary colic were randomized to receive either 30 mg of IV ketorolac or 1 mg of IV butorphanol. Pain level was assessed using a 1 to 10 "faces" visual analog pain scale initially, as well as 15 and 30 minutes after medication infusion. Side effect profiles and the need for rescue analgesia were also assessed. Patients and clinicians were blinded to the study drug given. Results:, Forty-six patients were enrolled in the study. Both groups had similar demographics and baseline pain scores. The mean (±standard deviation [SD]) pain score in the butorphanol group decreased from 7.1 (±1.7) to 2.1 (±2.2) after 30 minutes. The mean (±SD) pain score in the ketorolac group decreased from 7.4 (±2.0) to 3.1 (±3.3) after 30 minutes. Both groups had similar needs for rescue analgesia. Side effects included dizziness and sedation with butorphanol and nausea with ketorolac. Conclusions:, Although limited by small sample size and convenience sample, this study demonstrates that both ketorolac and butorphanol provide pain relief in biliary colic. Both agents should be considered reasonable options in the ED treatment of biliary colic, especially in patients that may undergo HIDA. [source]

    Guided tissue regeneration combined with a deproteinized bovine bone mineral (Bio-Oss®) in the treatment of intrabony periodontal defects: 6-year results from a randomized-controlled clinical trial

    JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 2 2010
    Andreas Stavropoulos
    Stavropoulos A, Karring T. Guided tissue regeneration combined with a deproteinized bovine bone mineral (Bio-Oss®) in the treatment of intrabony periodontal defects: 6-year results from a randomized-controlled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol 2010; 37: 200,210. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2009.01520.x. Abstract Aim: To present the 6-year results of a randomized-controlled clinical trial evaluating guided tissue regeneration (GTR) combined with or without deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) in intrabony defects. Material & Methods: In each of 45 patients, one defect was treated with GTR combined with DBBM hydrated in saline (DBBM,) or gentamicin sulphate (DBBM+) or with GTR alone. Clinical parameters were recorded pre-surgery, at 1 and 6 years postsurgery. Results: Thirty-six patients/33 teeth were available for the 6-year control. Statistically significant clinical improvements were observed for all treatments. Clinical attachment level (CAL) gain averaged 2.5 mm (DBBM,), 4.1 mm (DBBM+), and 3.0 mm (GTR) at 1 year postsurgery, and remained stable over 5 additional years (2.3, 4.1, and 2.7 mm, respectively). Treatment did not appear to influence residual probing depths (PDs) or CAL gains at 6 years postsurgery, or the extent of PD and CAL change from 1 to 6 years, and did not associate with sites losing CAL during follow-up. No association of grafting with sites showing CAL gain 4 mm at the 1- or 6-year control was observed. Conclusion: The improvements in periodontal conditions obtained after GTR treatment with or without the adjunct use of DBBM can be preserved on a long-term basis. [source]

    Psychosocial Differences Between Whites and African Americans Living With HIV/AIDS in Rural Areas of 13 US States

    THE JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH, Issue 2 2006
    Bernadette Davantes Heckman PhD
    ABSTRACT:,Context: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) prevalence rates are increasing rapidly in rural areas of the United States. As rural African Americans are increasingly affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), it is important to identify psychosocial factors unique to this group so that AIDS mental health interventions can be culturally contextualized to meet their unique needs. Purpose: The current study characterized psychosocial functioning in 43 rural African Americans living with HIV/AIDS and compared their levels of functioning to those of 196 HIV-infected rural white persons. Methods: All participants were recruited through AIDS service organizations in 13 US states. Surveys were completed as part of a preintervention phase of a randomized clinical trial evaluating 2 mental health interventions for HIV-infected rural persons. Findings: Compared to their white counterparts, fewer African Americans had progressed to AIDS. African American participants also reported higher levels of coping self-efficacy, more support from family members, and marginally fewer depressive symptoms, and they engaged in more active coping. African Americans who had greater HIV disease severity also received less support from family members and experienced more loneliness. Conclusions: Study findings caution that rural African Americans and whites living with HIV disease should not be considered a homogeneous group. [source]