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Treatment C (treatment + c)
Selected AbstractsEffect of inoculation dosing on the composting of source-selected organic fraction of municipal solid wastesJOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY, Issue 3 2006Raquel Barrena Abstract The effects of a commercial inoculum (MicroGest 10X, Brookside Agra L.C.) on the field-scale composting of the source-selected organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (OFMSW) have been studied by following routine parameters of the composting process (temperature, oxygen content and moisture) and biologically-related tests such as the respirometric index and the maturity grade. The inoculum was added to composting piles of OFMSW at different levels: control (no added inoculum), treatment A (105 CFU g,1 of OFMSW), treatment B (106 CFU g,1 of OFMSW) and treatment C (107 CFU g,1 of OFMSW). The inoculum selected produced a significant acceleration of the composting process with high levels of biological activity in the thermophilic phase. In terms of the acceleration of composting and economy the optimal treatment was B, which produced a reduction of approximately half of the total composting time. Treatment C did not improve significantly the results obtained with treatment B, whereas treatment A has little effect on the composting of OFMSW when compared with the control experiment. Respirometric index (determined at 55 °C) and maturity grade appeared to be the most reliable tests to follow the biological activity of the composting of OFMSW. On the other hand, routine parameters such as temperature, oxygen content and moisture showed no significant differences among the different inoculation levels tested in the composting process. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry [source] Effects of four egg desticking procedures on hatching rate and further survival and growth of larvae in the tench (Tinca tinca L.)AQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 6 2006Jose M Carral Abstract Four desticking procedures for tench eggs (A: tannic acid solution (1 g L,1) for 15 s; B: alcalase enzyme solution (8 mL L,1) for 60 s; C: alcalase enzyme solution (15 mL L,1) for 120 s; D: Woynarovich and Woynarovich (1980) solution for 58 min followed by tannic acid solution (1 g L,1) for 15 s) were tested to obtain data about influence on embryo survival to hatching stage and further survival and growth of the larvae. In the tannic acid and Woynarovich and Woynarovich (1980) treatment (A and D) few eggs stuck together and some were adhered to the incubator walls, whereas in the alcalase treatments (B and C) eggs neither stuck together nor adhered to the incubator walls. Percentages of hatched larvae did not show significant differences (mean values ranged between 47.4% in treatment A to 37.0% in treatment C). Larvae deformities observed were <0.5% in all cases. There were no significant differences among survival and growth rates of the larvae from different egg desticking origin, reaching, after 30 days, mean survival values around 90% and total length and weight of 12.5 mm and 19 mg respectively. [source] Effect of different methods for the induction of spermiation on semen quality in European eelAQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 15 2005Juan F Asturiano Abstract Five hormonal treatments with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) were tested for the induction of maturation and spermiation in male farmed eels. The main aim was to optimize previously used hormonal treatments to achieve shorter induction treatments, longer spermiation periods and/or higher sperm quality. Fish treated for just 3 weeks (treatment E) or until the onset of spermiation (treatment C) showed the worst results, while the treatment consisting of weekly administration of 1.5 IU hCG g,1 fish (treatment A) induced the highest percentage of spermiating males, the highest number of sperm samples and sperm volumes and densities similar to the rest of the treatments (B: half hormone dosage, or D: biweekly administration). Evaluation of the sperm quality was performed by computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA), considering the percentage of total motile spermatozoa, the percentage of fast and medium-velocity spermatozoa, as well as different motility parameters. Sperm samples from A-D groups showed between 44% and 54% motile spermatozoa, and between 10% and 15% fast spermatozoa, while samples from E-treated males showed 0% motile cells. No significant differences were found in the spermatozoa straight line velocity (VSL), curvilinear velocity (VCL) or the angular velocity (VAP), neither spermatozoa beating cross frequency (BCF) between A,D groups. [source] Interaction of Phytochemical-Quercetin with the Other Antioxidant, Ascorbic Acid and their Protective Effect in Tilapia after Ultraviolet IrradiationJOURNAL OF THE WORLD AQUACULTURE SOCIETY, Issue 5 2009Gustavo A. Rodriguez-Montes De Oca Semi-purified, casein-gelatin-based diets were prepared and supplemented with quercetin (Q) and/ or ascorbic acid (AA): control diet C,Q,(100 mg/kg AA), diet C ,Q+ (100 mg/kg AA + quercetin 10 g/kg), diet C +Q, (1000 mg/kg AA), and diet C +Q+ (1000 mg/kg AA + quercetin 10 g/kg). These diets were fed to tilapia for 19 wk and then fish were divided into controls and ultraviolet (UV) treatments. Fish were exposed to UV radiation. Control groups were protected with a MYLAR® polyester film and plexiglass. At week 20, the same fish were re-exposed to UV radiation. Control groups of fish were protected by a double layer of MYLAR® and the UV groups were exposed with no protection. Before UV exposure, 24 h after, and 7 d after the second treatment, fish liver and skin were dissected for Q and AA analyses. The proportion of oxidized ascorbate was significantly increased in fish from treatments C ,Q, and C ,Q+ . Q concentrations in fish after exposures were negligible in skin, whereas liver concentrations were significantly different among control (34 ± 10 ,g/g) and UV-irradiated fish (11 ± 6 ,g/g), respectively. The interaction between these two dietary antioxidants may change after chronic UV irradiation. [source] | ||||||||||