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Transplantation Techniques (transplantation + techniques)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences71%
Life Sciences28%

Selected Abstracts

TRANSPLANTATION AND MECHANICAL SUPPORT Original Articles: Heart Transplantation Techniques after Hybrid Single-Ventricle Palliation

JOURNAL OF CARDIAC SURGERY, Issue 5 2010
Vinod A. Sebastian M.D.
The hybrid palliative strategy of pulmonary artery banding and ductal stenting has emerged as an alternative treatment for neonates with HLHS. Neonates who have undergone a hybrid Norwood but are not candidates for the three-stage single-ventricle pathway may need heart transplantation. Patients who have undergone hybrid Norwood or those with visceral heterotaxy who have undergone ductal stenting and bilateral PA bands represent a technically challenging group of patients for heart transplantation, but it appears to be a favorable approach and we describe our experience with three patients who underwent heart transplant after a hybrid Norwood procedure. (J Card Surg 2010;25:596-600) [source]

The Art of Repair in Surgical Hair Restoration,Part II: The Tactics of Repair

DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 10 2002
Robert M. Bernstein MD
background. As patient awareness of new hair transplantation techniques grows, the repair of improperly planned or poorly executed procedures becomes an increasingly important part of surgical hair restoration. objective. Part II of this series is written to serve as a practical guide for surgeons who perform repairs in their daily practices. It focuses on specific repair techniques. methods. The repairs are performed by excision with reimplantation and/or by camouflage. Follicular unit transplantation is used for the restorative aspects of the procedure. results. Using punch or linear excision techniques allows the surgeon to relocate poorly planted grafts to areas that are more appropriate. The key elements of camouflage include creating a deep zone of follicular units, angling grafts in their natural direction, and using forward and side weighting of grafts to increase the appearance of fullness. In special situations, removal of grafts without reimplantation can be accomplished using lasers or electrolysis. conclusion. Meticulous surgical techniques and optimal utilization of a limited hair supply will enable the surgeon to achieve the best possible cosmetic results for patients requiring repairs. [source]

Arrested differentiation and epithelial cell degeneration in zebrafish lens mutants

DEVELOPMENTAL DYNAMICS, Issue 4 2001
Thomas S. Vihtelic
Abstract In a chemical mutagenesis screen, we identified two zebrafish mutants that possessed small pupils. Genetic complementation revealed these two lines are due to mutations in different genes. The phenotypes of the two mutants were characterized using histologic, immunohistochemical, and tissue transplantation techniques. The arrested lens (arl) mutant exhibits a small eye and pupil phenotype at 48 hr postfertilization (hpf) and lacks any histologically identifiable lens structures by 5 days postfertilization (dpf). In contrast, the disrupted lens (dsl) mutants are phenotypically normal until 5 dpf, and then undergo lens disorganization and cell degeneration that is apparent by 7 dpf. Histology reveals the arl mutant terminates lens cell differentiation by 48 hpf, whereas the dsl lens exhibits a defective lens epithelial cell population at 5 dpf. Lens transplantation experiments demonstrate both mutations are autonomous to the lens tissue. Immunohistochemistry reveals the retinal cells may suffer subtle effects, possibly due to the lens abnormalities. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Transplantation of an acutely isolated bone marrow fraction repairs demyelinated adult rat spinal cord axons

GLIA, Issue 1 2001
Masanori Sasaki
Abstract The potential of bone marrow cells to differentiate into myelin-forming cells and to repair the demyelinated rat spinal cord in vivo was studied using cell transplantation techniques. The dorsal funiculus of the spinal cord was demyelinated by x-irradiation treatment, followed by microinjection of ethidium bromide. Suspensions of a bone marrow cell fraction acutely isolated from femoral bones in LacZ transgenic mice were prepared by centrifugation on a density gradient (Ficoll-Paque) to remove erythrocytes, platelets, and debris. The isolated cell fraction contained hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic stem and precursor cells and lymphocytes. The cells were transplanted into the demyelinated dorsal column lesions of immunosuppressed rats. An intense blue ,-galactosidase reaction was observed in the transplantation zone. The genetically labeled bone marrow cells remyelinated the spinal cord with predominately a peripheral pattern of myelination reminiscent of Schwann cell myelination. Transplantation of CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells survived in the lesion, but did not form myelin. These results indicate that bone marrow cells can differentiate in vivo into myelin-forming cells and repair demyelinated CNS. GLIA 35:26,34, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy and liver transplantation

HPB, Issue 3 2007
VIJAYARAGAVAN MURALIDHARAN
Abstract Liver transplantation is the treatment of choice for end stage liver disease and is often used for primary liver malignancies. The main limitation of its wider application is the availability of suitable donor organs. The use of marginal donor organs, split-liver transplantation and living-related liver transplantation techniques contribute to increase the donor pool. However, the use of these techniques is associated with a higher risk of post transplantation organ dysfunction, predominantly due to ischaemia, preservation and reperfusion injury (IPRI). A number of studies have demonstrated that hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy influences IPRI and consequential acute cellular rejection. This article reviews the rationale of HBO therapy in the field of transplantation with particular emphasis on liver transplantation. [source]

Segmental nature of the porcine liver and its potential as a model for experimental partial hepatectomy,

BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY (NOW INCLUDES EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY), Issue 4 2003
F. G. Court
Background: In-depth knowledge of pig liver anatomy allows potential research into segmental liver resections and hepatic regeneration, as well as liver transplantation techniques. The segmental anatomy, however, remains largely unknown. This study aimed to delineate the segmental anatomy of the porcine liver in comparison with that of the human. Methods: The segmental anatomy of the porcine liver was determined using acrylic injection casting of ex vivo pig livers, allowing the arterial, venous and biliary supply to be visualized directly. This was correlated using multi-slice computed tomography (CT) and three-dimensional reconstructions. Results: Although the external morphology of the porcine liver differs from that of the human, the segmental anatomy is remarkably similar in term of its vascularity and biliary tree. Conclusion: Acrylic casting of the porcine liver accurately delineates the vascular and biliary anatomy, and is a useful tool for performing experimental liver surgery. The similarities between porcine and human segmental anatomy allow domestic swine to be used as a comparable model. Three-dimensional CT reconstructions can also accurately visualize the anatomy and may be used to perform virtual surgery, or to assess segmental volumes. Copyright © 2003 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Novel therapeutic approach to eradicate tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistant chronic myeloid leukemia stem cells

CANCER SCIENCE, Issue 7 2010
Kazuhito Naka
Although discovery of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) imatinib mesylate has significantly improved the prognosis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients, a rare population of CML stem cells is known to be resistant to TKI therapy, causing recurrence of CML. However, recent progress in CML stem cell biology may present a novel therapeutic avenue for CML patients. In this review, we focus on mechanisms used by CML stem cells to maintain TKI-resistance. Comprehensive approaches including mouse genetics, prospective identification of CML stem cells, and syngenic transplantation techniques have identified several key molecules or signaling pathways, including hedgehog (Hh)/Smo, promyelocytic leukemia (PML), 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), and forkhead box class O (FOXO), that function in CML stem cell maintenance. Inhibiting some of these factors in combination with TKI administration successfully antagonized resistance of CML stem cells to TKI therapy, resulting in efficient eradication of leukemia cells in vivo. Thus, development of methods that sensitize CML stem cells to TKI therapy may lead to novel therapies to treat CML patients. (Cancer Sci 2010) [source]