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Beet Yellows Virus (beet + yellows_virus)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Life Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Surveys for Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus (the Cause of Rhizomania), other Viruses, and Soil-borne Fungi Infecting Sugar Beet in Syria

JOURNAL OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 11-12 2002
A. M. Mouhanna
Abstract Production of sugar beet, the most important source of sugar in Syria, has suffered from many problems in the past, especially from diseases. No previous surveys have been made in Syria for viral diseases and soil-borne fungi of sugar beet. In 1998, samples were collected from plants showing symptoms of virus infection (yellowing, wilting, necrosis and mosaic). Root samples (341) were collected from crops of autumn-sown seed from 115 localities in seven provinces, 173 root samples from spring-sown crops and 39 leaf samples were collected during both seasons. The root samples were tested for the presence of viruses by double antibody sandwich-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and triple antibody sandwich-ELISA, and for soil-borne fungi by red plate (Rose Bengal) dishes. We have shown for the first time the presence of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus, Beet soil-borne virus, Beet yellows virus and Beet mild yellowing virus in Syrian sugar beet fields in which Rhizoctonia sp. and Fusarium sp. were also widely distributed. [source]

Beet yellows virus: the importance of being different

MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY, Issue 2 2003
Valerian V. Dolja
SUMMARY Taxonomic relationship: Type member of the genus Closterovirus, family Closteroviridae. A member of the alphavirus-like supergroup of positive-strand RNA viruses. Physical properties: Virions are flexuous filaments of ,1300 nm in length and ,12 nm in diameter that are made up of a ,15.5 kb RNA and five proteins. The major capsid protein forms virion body of helical symmetry that constitutes ,95% of the virion length. The short virion tail is assembled by the minor capsid protein, Hsp70-homologue, ,64-kDa protein, and ,20-kDa protein. Viral proteins: The 5,-most ORFs 1a and 1b encode leader proteinase and RNA replicase. The remaining ORFs 2,8 are expressed by subgenomic mRNAs that encode 6-kDa membrane protein, Hsp70 homologue, ,64-kDa protein, minor and major capsid proteins, ,20-kDa protein, and ,21-kDa protein, respectively. Hosts: The principal crop plants affected by Beet yellows virus (BYV) are sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) and spinach (Spinacea oleracea). In addition, BYV was reported to infect ,120 species in 15 families. Most suitable propagation species are Nicotiana benthamiana, Tetragonia expansa, and Claytonia perfoliata. [source]

Distribution and properties of geographically distinct isolates of sugar beet yellowing viruses

PLANT PATHOLOGY, Issue 2 2005
M. Stevens
From a total of 261 yellow sugarbeet leaves collected from 10 countries representing three continents, the incidence and distribution of strains of Beet mild yellowing virus (BMYV), Beet chlorosis virus (BChV) and Beet yellows virus (BYV) were analysed using serological and molecular methods. BMYV was found in all countries except Greece, and more frequently in the northern and western areas of Europe, whereas BYV predominated in Turkey, Spain, Greece, the USA and Chile. BChV, originally found in the USA and the UK in 1989, was identified in France, Spain, the Netherlands and Chile. Nine sugar beet poleroviruses, plus a reference isolate of Turnip yellows virus (TuYV, syn. Beet western yellows virus), were further characterized and compared. Isolates obtained from sugar beet infected this species, but not oilseed rape or lettuce; all isolates except one infected Capsella bursa-pastoris. The coat-protein sequences of these isolates were highly similar, with the consensus sequence representing 89% of nucleotide residues. Within the coat-protein gene, two regions were identified that could represent specific epitopes to which monoclonal antibody BYDV-PAV-IL-1 could bind; this antibody is used to distinguish beet poleroviruses in ELISA. Comparison of the sequences at the 5, end showed that sequence homology existed only between isolates with the same host range. The first sequence data of polerovirus isolates from Chile are presented, showing that the coat protein and the 5, end of their genomes are highly similar to those of BMYV isolates found in Europe. Chilean polerovirus isolates may have been imported from the northern hemisphere in sugar beet breeding material. [source]