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Traditional Assumptions (traditional + assumption)
Selected AbstractsThe English political model in eighteenth-century FranceHISTORICAL RESEARCH, Issue 184 2001Edmond Dziembowski This article, based on French archives and political pamphlets, challenges the traditional assumption that political anglophilia in France was limited to intellectual or opposition circles. During the Seven Years' War, French official propaganda changed its strategy. Ministerial writers gave information on British politics by publishing translations of English pamphlets or newspapers. An official model even appeared at the end of the war, praising British patriotism. However, during the last decades of the ancien re??gime, radicalism tarnished England's reputation, foreshadowing the failure in 1789 of a political solution inspired by the English. [source] Ideologies of Motherhood in European Community Sex Equality LawEUROPEAN LAW JOURNAL, Issue 1 2000Clare McGlynn This article argues that, in a series of cases from Hofmann in the mid-1980s to Hill and Stapleton in 1998, the Court of Justice has reproduced, and thereby legitimated, a traditional vision of motherhood and the role of women in the family, and in society generally. This vision, characterised as the ,dominant ideology of motherhood', limits the potential of the Community's sex equality legislation to bring about real improvements in the lives of women. Accordingly, far from alleviating discrimination against women, the Court's jurisprudence is reinforcing traditional assumptions which inhibit women's progress. It is argued that the Court should reject the dominant ideology of motherhood and utilise its interpretative space to pursue a more progressive and liberating rendering of women and men's relationships and obligations to each other and their children. [source] Mobile phones, communities and social networks among foreign workers in SingaporeGLOBAL NETWORKS, Issue 3 2009ERIC C. THOMPSON Abstract Transnational mobility affects both high-status and low-income workers, disrupting traditional assumptions of the boundedness of communities. There is a need to reconfigure our most basic theoretical and analytical constructs. In this article I engage in this task by illustrating a complex set of distinctions (as well as connections) between ,communities' as ideationally constituted through cultural practices and ,social networks' constituted through interaction and exchange. I have grounded the analysis ethnographically in the experiences of foreign workers in Singapore, focusing on domestic and construction workers from the Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand and Bangladesh. I examine the cultural, social and communicative role that mobile phones play in the lives of workers who are otherwise constrained in terms of mobility, living patterns and activities. Mobile phones are constituted as symbol status markers in relationship to foreign workers. Local representations construct foreign workers as users and consumers of mobile telephony, reinscribing ideas of transnational identities as well as foreignness within the context of Singapore. Migrant workers demonstrate a detailed knowledge of the various telephony options available, but the desire to use phones to communicate can overwhelm their self-control and lead to very high expenditures. The research highlights the constraints , as well as possibilities , individuals experience as subjects and agents within both social and cultural systems, and the ways in which those constraints and possibilities are mediated by a particular technology , in this case, mobile phones. [source] Being there: the acceptance and marginalization of part-time professional employeesJOURNAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR, Issue 8 2003Thomas B. Lawrence Part-time professional employees represent an increasingly important social category that challenges traditional assumptions about the relationships between space, time, and professional work. In this article, we examine both the historical emergence of part-time professional work and the dynamics of its integration into contemporary organizations. Professional employment has historically been associated with being continuously available to one's organization, and contemporary professional jobs often bear the burden of that legacy as they are typically structured in ways that assume full-time (and greater) commitments of time to the organization. Because part-time status directly confronts that tradition, professionals wishing to work part-time may face potentially resistant work cultures. The heterogeneity of contemporary work cultures and tasks, however, presents a wide variety of levels and forms of resistance to part-time professionals. In this paper, we develop a theoretical model that identifies characteristics of local work contexts that lead to the acceptance or marginalization of part-time professionals. Specifically, we focus on the relationship between a work culture's dominant interaction rituals and their effects on co-workers' and managers' reactions to part-time professionals. We then go on to examine the likely responses of part-time professionals to marginalization, based on their access to organizational resources and their motivation to engage in strategies that challenge the status quo. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] The tidal model: the lived-experience in person-centred mental health nursing careNURSING PHILOSOPHY, Issue 3 2001Phil Barker PhD RN FRCN Abstract Nursing theories and nursing models have a low profile within psychiatric and mental health nursing within the United Kingdom. This paper considers some of the historical, policy and rhetorical issues that may have framed nursing's relative dependency on the medical paradigm, and briefly considers some of the ethical challenges, which proposed ,extensions' of the nurse's role might have for a ,caring' discipline. The paper describes the philosophical background of the Tidal Model, which emerged from a series of studies of the ,need for psychiatric nursing'. The Tidal Model extends and develops some of the traditional assumptions concerning the centrality of interpersonal relations within nursing practice, emphasizing in particular the importance of perceived meanings within the lived-experience of the person-in-care and the role of the narrative in the development of person-centred care plans. The model also integrates discrete processes for re-empowering the person who is in mental distress, and provides a practical template for the exploration of the spiritual dimensions of the person's lived-experience, if appropriate. [source] Reorganising the Infantry: Drivers of Change and What This Tells Us about the State of the Defence Debate TodayBRITISH JOURNAL OF POLITICS & INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, Issue 4 2006Andrew M. Dorman This article uses the case study of the reorganisation of the infantry announced in December 2004 to argue that the government undertook reforms that were in the army's interest rather than its own and that the existing schools of thinking within defence fail to explain this behaviour. The article goes on to make three conclusions. Firstly, our traditional assumptions about structure-agency within defence are incorrect and that agency has a far greater role to play. Secondly, that the battle of the Scottish Regiments raises questions about the balance between local, regional and ethnic identity. Thirdly, that the army reorganisation highlights the weakness of the current defence debate in the United Kingdom with much of the existing literature left over from the Cold War period. [source] | ||||||||||