Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Tourette's Syndrome (tourette's + syndrome)
Selected AbstractsTraditional Healing and Its Discontents: Efficacy and Traditional Therapies of Neuropsychiatric Disorders in BaliMEDICAL ANTHROPOLOGY QUARTERLY, Issue 1 2004Robert Bush Lemelson In a discussion of patients suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and/or Tourettes's Syndrome (TS), in Bali, Indonesia, traditional healing and psychiatric perspectives are used to highlight the power and weakness of each to treat these conditions. Given they are drawn from the same culture, should not indigenous explanatory models provide meaning and be more efficacious at relieving the suffering of people with OCD and TS-like symptoms? What if they provide an understandable meaning for patients but these meanings have no efficacy? Ethnographic data on Balinese models for illness are presented. Multiple data sources were used to frame the complex Balinese traditional healing systems. Forty patients were interviewed regarding their utilization of traditional healers, and healers were observed treating patients and interviewed regarding their treatment regimens and explanatory models. Traditional explanatory models for illness provide an understandable and integrated system of meaning for these disorders but are not successful in relieving symptomatology. Neurobiological approaches, traditional healing, and ethnographic methods are compared and contrasted to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of each in relation to issues of exegesis and efficacy, [obsessive-compulsive disorder, Tourette's Syndrome, traditional healing, Indonesia] [source] Inhibitory deficits in tourette's syndromeDEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOBIOLOGY, Issue 1 2008Emily R. Stern Abstract A developmental approach to the study of psychopathology can broaden understanding of a wide variety of complex psychological disorders. This article reviews research on Tourette's syndrome (TS), a developmental disorder characterized by unwanted motor and vocal tics. Over the past decade, knowledge of the neurobiology and pathophysiology of TS has progressed rapidly. The application of brain imaging techniques, primarily magnetic resonance imaging, to the study of Tourette's has increased knowledge of structural and functional deficits in brain areas associated with behavioral and psychological disturbances in the disorder. By reviewing some of this work, we will describe one way in which knowledge of brain function in TS has both informed and been informed by a developmental science approach. In particular, we will consider the extent to which the cognitive and emotional development of persons with TS may be affected by specific neurobiological characteristics of the disorder. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 50: 9,18, 2008. [source] Substantia nigra pars reticulata neurons code initiation of a serial pattern: implications for natural action sequences and sequential disordersEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE, Issue 8 2002Melanie Meyer-Luehmann Abstract Sequences of movements are initiated abnormally in neurological disorders involving basal ganglia dysfunction, such as Parkinson's disease or Tourette's syndrome. The substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNpr) is one of the two primary output structures of the basal ganglia. However, little is known about how substantia nigra mediates the initiation of normal movement sequences. We studied its role in coding initiation of a sequentially stereotyped but natural movement sequence by recording neuronal activity in SNpr during behavioural performance of ,syntactic grooming chains'. These are rule-governed sequences of up to 25 grooming movements emitted in four predictable (syntactic) phases, which occur spontaneously during grooming behaviour by rats and other rodents. Our results show that neuronal activation in central SNpr codes the onset of this entire rule-governed sequential pattern of grooming actions, not elemental grooming movements. We conclude that the context of sequential pattern may be more important than the elemental motor parameters in determining SNpr neuronal activation. [source] Intravenous sedation and general anesthesia for a patient with Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome undergoing dental treatmentACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 10 2002F. Yoshikawa Patients with Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome develop symptoms during childhood. Repetitive various motor tics or speech tics that are spontaneous, aimless, and involuntary are characteristic of the syndrome (1). Patients with the syndrome have been considered to have an aggressive, impulsive, and obsessive character (2) (3). Suicide is one of the mental symptoms of the syndrome. Routine dental treatment with this syndrome can be difficult. [source] Program: Twenty Fourth Annual Symposium on Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment of Parkinson's Disease and Other Movement DisordersMOVEMENT DISORDERS, Issue 6 2010Article first published online: 26 APR 2010 The symposium will consist of current issues in genetic and environmental contributions to Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders with peer-reviewed platform and poster presentations designed to communicate recent research advances, including new pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options, in the field of Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, ataxia, dystonia, myoclonus, Tourette's syndrome, tremor and other movement disorders thereby enhancing patient care. [source] No brain structure abnormalities in boys with Tourette's syndrome: A voxel-based morphometry study,MOVEMENT DISORDERS, Issue 16 2009Veit Roessner MD Abstract Morphometric findings in Tourette's syndrome (TS) are still inconsistent probably due to differences in analysis approaches as well as several confounders (coexisting psychiatric conditions, medication status, etc.). Our aim was to identify possible morphometric changes in a well-defined sample of drug-naïve boys with "pure" TS. High-resolution structural magnetic resonance images of 38 boys with TS were compared with those of 38 healthy boys matched for age and IQ using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Coexisting psychiatric conditions and previous medication were excluded. The inclusion of 10- to 15-year-old boys minimized the well known compensatory changes due to tic suppression over many years. VBM analyses revealed no differences between the treatment naïve boys with "pure" TS and healthy controls. Brain morphology is not altered in boys with "pure" TS. Further studies should reveal whether previous findings might be ascribed to confounding factors like coexisting psychiatric conditions or long-term compensatory mechanisms due to voluntary tic suppression. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society [source] Program: Twenty Third Annual Symposium on Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment of Parkinson's Disease and Other Movement DisordersMOVEMENT DISORDERS, Issue 12 2009Article first published online: 11 SEP 200 The symposium will consist of two keynote speakers and peer-reviewed platform and poster presentations designed to communicate recent research advances, including new pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options, in the field of Parkinson's disease, Huntington disease, ataxia, dystonia, myoclonus, Tourette's syndrome, Essential Tremor and other movement disorders thereby enhancing patient care. Professionals in neurology and related disciplines as well as practitioners, psychologists, educators, and researchers are invited to attend. The gaps in clinical practice we wish to address are the unmet needs pertaining to the translational and clinical evaluation, along with the care and treatment of patients and families affected by Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders. At the conclusion of this session, participants should be able to: 1) Identify and describe by scholarly review, oral presentation and group discussion the current research into the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) and Essential Tremor (ET) which may be relevant to current treatment or which may lead to the development of further research protocols; 2) Distinguish and assess the important advances in research and clinical treatments relating to Parkinson's disease and Essential Tremor in terms of available treatment options or new methodologies for clinical research; 3) Explain new pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options available for Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders in connection with their clinical practice or with regard to further clinical research methods; 4) Interpret the mechanisms (genetic, environmental, pathophysiology, neurobiology) linked to Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders when assessing Parkinson's disease or other movement disorder patients or when developing new research protocols; and 5) Employ diagnostic approaches and tools available for assessing Parkinson's disease and Essential Tremor when diagnosing new patients or when conducting clinical research. [source] Crack dancing in the United Kingdom: Apropos a video case presentationMOVEMENT DISORDERS, Issue 8 2007MRCP, Shankar Kamath MD Abstract We report an adult patient presenting with choreiform movements 4 days after a large intravenous dose of cocaine. These movements were transitory and they normalized a week after admission. We believe this to be the first video case of acute chorea secondary to cocaine,a phenomenon popularly known as "crack dancing. " Cocaine abuse is associated with a wide range of movement disorders, including dystonia and exacerbation of Tourette's syndrome, multifocal tics, opsoclonus-myoclonus, choreiform movements, and stereotyped behavior known as "punding." Transient choreiform movements with a typical duration of 2 to 6 days are recognized by cocaine abusers themselves as crack dancing, but are infrequently reported. We present a video report of a patient with cocaine dependency and choreiform movements that normalized within a week of admission. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society [source] Effect of vagal nerve stimulation in a case of Tourette's syndrome and complex partial epilepsyMOVEMENT DISORDERS, Issue 8 2006Alan Diamond DO Abstract We report on a 30-year-old man with Tourette's syndrome (TS) and medication-refractory epilepsy whose tics improved after implantation of a vagal nerve stimulator (VNS). To verify the patient's observation, we performed a blinded video assessment using the modified Rush video-based tic rating scale. The patient underwent two separate video recordings (VNS on and VNS off). A rater, blinded to patient's VNS status, evaluated the videos with the modified Rush video-based tic rating scale. There were improvements in total tic score and motor and phonic tic frequency. If verified by controlled clinical trials, this observation may provide insights into the pathophysiology of tics and may lead to a novel therapy for patients with severe TS. © 2006 Movement Disorder Society [source] Syncope in children with Tourette's syndrome treated with guanfacineMOVEMENT DISORDERS, Issue 3 2006Allison King MD Abstract We report on 4 children who experienced a syncopal episode while being treated with guanfacine without any other evident cause. Syncope appears to be an uncommon side effect of guanfacine and is probably due to drug-induced hypotension or bradycardia. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society [source] Restless legs in Tourette syndromeMOVEMENT DISORDERS, Issue 9 2004P. Lespérance MD Abstract Restless legs syndrome (RLS) and Tourette's syndrome (TS) share some common features, including the phenomenology of sensations relieved by movements, but few studies have examined the links between RLS and TS. We examined RLS and other TS comorbidities in 144 probands with TS or chronic tics and their parents. RLS was present in 10% of probands and 23% of parents with no gender differences. RLS in probands was linked significantly to maternal RLS but not paternal RLS, suggesting that a maternal RLS factor may contribute to the variable expression of TS. © 2004 Movement Disorder Society [source] Increased midbrain gray matter in Tourette's syndromeANNALS OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 2 2006Gaëtan Garraux MD Objective To investigate cerebral structure in Tourette's syndrome (TS). Methods Voxel-based morphometry study of high-resolution MRIs in 31 TS patients compared with 31 controls. Results Increased gray matter mainly in the left mesencephalon in 31 TS patients. Interpretation This result constitutes strong and direct evidence supporting Devinsky's hypothesis (Devinsky O. Neuroanatomy of Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome. Possible midbrain involvement. Arch Neurol 1983;40:508,514) according to which midbrain disturbances play an important pathogenic role in TS. Ann Neurol 2006;59:381,385 [source] Development of cortical GABAergic circuits and its implications for neurodevelopmental disordersCLINICAL GENETICS, Issue 1 2007G Di Cristo GABAergic interneurons powerfully control the function of cortical networks. In addition, they strongly regulate cortical development by modulating several cellular processes such as neuronal proliferation, migration, differentiation and connectivity. Not surprisingly, aberrant development of GABAergic circuits has been implicated in many neurodevelopmental disorders including schizophrenia, autism and Tourette's syndrome. Unfortunately, efforts directed towards the comprehension of the mechanisms regulating GABAergic circuits formation and function have been impaired by the strikingly heterogeneity, both at the morphological and functional level, of GABAergic interneurons. Recent technical advances, including the improvement of interneurons-specific labelling techniques, have started to reveal the basic principles underlying this process. This review summarizes recent findings on the mechanisms underlying the construction of GABAergic circuits in the cortex, with a particular focus on potential implications for brain diseases with neurodevelopmental origin. [source] Inhibitory deficits in tourette's syndromeDEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOBIOLOGY, Issue 1 2008Emily R. Stern Abstract A developmental approach to the study of psychopathology can broaden understanding of a wide variety of complex psychological disorders. This article reviews research on Tourette's syndrome (TS), a developmental disorder characterized by unwanted motor and vocal tics. Over the past decade, knowledge of the neurobiology and pathophysiology of TS has progressed rapidly. The application of brain imaging techniques, primarily magnetic resonance imaging, to the study of Tourette's has increased knowledge of structural and functional deficits in brain areas associated with behavioral and psychological disturbances in the disorder. By reviewing some of this work, we will describe one way in which knowledge of brain function in TS has both informed and been informed by a developmental science approach. In particular, we will consider the extent to which the cognitive and emotional development of persons with TS may be affected by specific neurobiological characteristics of the disorder. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 50: 9,18, 2008. [source] | ||||||||||||||||