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Three-dimensional Culture (three-dimensional + culture)

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Life Sciences50%

Terms modified by Three-dimensional Culture

  • three-dimensional culture system
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    Selected Abstracts

    Three-dimensional Culture of Human Nucleus Pulposus Cells in Fibrin Clot: Comparisons on Cellular Proliferation and Matrix Synthesis With Cells in Alginate

    ARTIFICIAL ORGANS, Issue 1 2008
    Shu-Hua Yang
    Abstract:, Regeneration of nucleus pulposus (NP) tissue may stop or reverse early intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration. Cellular proliferation and matrix synthesis can be promoted by incorporation of cells and bioscaffolds. However, insertion of preshaped solid bioscaffolds may damage remaining IVD integrity. Fibrin clots can be introduced in a minimally invasive manner with polymerization in desired three-dimensional shape and retention of cells. In this study, we investigated the cellular proliferation and matrix synthesis of human NP cells in the fibrin clots in vitro. Monolayer-expanded cells were embedded in fibrin clot or alginate and were cultivated in vitro for 2 weeks. Increased DNA content and decreased expression of apoptosis stimulating fragment (Fas)-associated death-domain protein in fibrin scaffolds suggested higher cellular proliferation and reduced apoptosis. Superior proteoglycan synthesis was found in fibrin scaffolds. As expression of collagens I and X increased and SOX9 expression decreased, fibrin scaffolds tended to promote fibrotic transformation and inhibit chondrogenesis. Adjustments of fibrin preparations are needed to make it more suitable for IVD regeneration. [source]

    Hepatocyte Function in a Radial-flow Bioreactor Using a Perfluorocarbon Oxygen Carrier

    ARTIFICIAL ORGANS, Issue 11 2005
    Martin J. Nieuwoudt
    Abstract:, The aims of this study were, first, to indicate the metabolic activity of hepatocytes in a radial-flow polyurethane foam matrix bioreactor relative to monocultures, and second, to evaluate the effect on the hepatocytes of including a synthetic perfluorocarbon (PFC) oxygen carrier to the recirculating medium. The efficient O2 -carrying ability of PFCs may be beneficial to bioreactors employed in stressed cellular environments. Thus, they may also be useful in the treatment of an acute liver failure patient with a bioartificial liver support system (BALSS). Data on the function of three-dimensional (3-D) hepatocyte cultures exposed to emulsified PFCs are lacking. Results: the metabolic functions of the 3-D hepatocyte cultures were improved relative to monocultures. Three-dimensional cultures with and without PFC behaved similarly, and no adverse effects could be detected when PFC was included in the recirculating medium. The addition of PFC significantly improved lidocaine clearance possibly due to the presence of higher O2 tension in the medium. Imaging indicated that large aggregates formed and that seeding had followed flow through the matrix. Simulations indicated first, that the cell numbers used in this study had been insufficient to challenge the bioreactor O2 supply explaining the similarity in performance of the 3-D cultures, and second, that the benefit of adding PFC would be more pronounced at the cell densities likely to be used in a BALSS bioreactor. [source]

    Chondrogenic differentiation and lubricin expression of caprine infraspinatus tendon cells

    JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH, Issue 6 2010
    Tadanao Funakoshi
    Abstract Reparative strategies for the treatment of injuries to tendons, including those of the rotator cuff of the shoulder, need to address the formation of the cartilage which serves as the attachment apparatus to bone and which forms at regions undergoing compressive loading. Moreover, recent work indicates that cells employed for rotator cuff repair may need to synthesize a lubricating glycoprotein, lubricin, which has recently been found to play a role in tendon tribology. The objective of the present study was to investigate the chondrogenic differentiation and lubricin expression of caprine infraspinatus tendon cells in monolayer and three-dimensional culture, and to compare the behavior with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The results demonstrated that while tendon cells in various media, including chondrogenic medium, expressed lubricin, virtually none of the MSCs synthesized this important lubricating molecule. Also of interest was that the cartilage formation capacity of the tendon cells grown in pellet culture in chondrogenic medium was comparable with MSCs. These data inform the use of tendon cells for rotator cuff repair, including for fibrocartilaginous zones. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:716,725, 2010 [source]

    Cell proliferation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on biodegradable microcarriers enhances in vitro differentiation potential

    CELL PROLIFERATION, Issue 5 2010
    L.-Y. Sun
    Objectives:, For reasons of provision of highly-specific surface area and three-dimensional culture, microcarrier culture (MC) has garnered great interest for its potential to expand anchorage-dependent stem cells. This study utilizes MC for in vitro expansion of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and analyses its effects on BMMSC proliferation and differentiation. Materials and methods:, Effects of semi-continuous MC compared to control plate culture (PC) and serial bead-to-bead transfer MC (MC bead-T) on human BMMSCs were investigated. Cell population growth kinetics, cell phenotypes and differentiation potential of cells were assayed. Results:, Maximum cell density and overall fold increase in cell population growth were similar between PCs and MCs with similar starting conditions, but lag period of BMMSC growth differed substantially between the two; moreover, MC cells exhibited reduced granularity and higher CXCR4 expression. Differentiation of BMMSCs into osteogenic and adipogenic lineages was enhanced after 3 days in MC. However, MC bead-T resulted in changes in cell granularity and lower osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential. Conclusions:, In comparison to PC, MC supported expansion of BMMSCs in an up-scalable three-dimensional culture system using a semi-continuous process, increasing potential for stem cell homing ability and osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. [source]

    Alteration of amino acid metabolism in neuronal aggregate cultures exposed to hypoglycaemic conditions

    JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY, Issue 6 2002
    Paul Honegger
    Abstract The neuronal effects of glucose deficiency on amino acid metabolism was studied on three-dimensional cultures of rat telencephalon neurones. Transient (6 h) exposure of differentiated cultures to low glucose (0.25 mm instead of 25 mm) caused irreversible damage, as judged by the marked decrease in the activities of two neurone-specific enzymes and lactate dehydrogenase, 1 week after the hypoglycemic insult. Quantification of amino acids and ammonia in the culture media supernatants indicated increased amino acid utilization and ammonia production during glucose-deficiency. Measurement of intracellular amino acids showed decreased levels of alanine, glutamine, glutamate and GABA, while aspartate was increased. Added lactate (11 mm) during glucose deficiency largely prevented the changes in amino acid metabolism and ammonia production, and attenuated irreversible damage. Higher media levels of glutamine (4 mm instead of 0.25 mm) during glucose deprivation prevented the decrease of intracellular glutamate and GABA, while it further increased intracellular aspartate, ammonia production and neuronal damage. Both lactate and glutamine were readily oxidized in these neuronal cultures. The present results suggest that in neurones, glucose deficiency enhances amino acid deamination at the expense of transamination reactions. This results in increased ammonia production and neuronal damage. [source]

    A New Method to Prepare Multicellular Spheroids in Cancer Cell Lines Using a Thermo-Reversible Gelation Polymer

    ARTIFICIAL ORGANS, Issue 7 2003
    Satoshi Tsukikawa
    Abstract: The purpose of this study is to utilize the thermo-reversible gelation polymer in which the sol-gel transitting phase is reversibly changed by temperature in a three-dimensional culture system. Human cancer cells have been observed to form multicellular spheroids, whereas fibroblasts slowly develop into small spheroids with the culture medium including this polymer. This polymer has some advantages for use as a culture material, as follows: first, cancer cells grow three-dimensionally in the aqueous solution of this polymer; second, it is easy to harvest cells or spheroids in the aqueous solution of this polymer by simply cooling down the temperature; and third, the culture medium including this polymer is so translucent that the cells or spheroids can be observed through a phase-contrast microscope. We thus conclude that this polymer is a very useful material for three-dimensional cultures. [source]