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Kinds of Template Terms modified by Template Selected AbstractsTEMPLATE FOR SURGICAL TRAINING IN RESOURCE-POOR COUNTRIESANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY, Issue 10 2006FRACS, Russell L Gruen MB BS No abstract is available for this article. [source] A Simple Method of Designing a Bilobed Flap Using a Triangle TemplateDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 10 2004Li-Xing Man MSc Background. The bilobed flap is useful for the reconstruction of skin defects in which the primary closure is difficult. Proper design is paramount to achieve excellent cosmetic results, but flap design often appears unnecessarily complex and difficult. Objective. The objective was to discuss the geometry of the bilobed flap and describe a simple and practical method for constructing such flaps using a triangle template with emphasis on the pivot point. Methods. A detailed description with diagrams and an illustrative case are presented to demonstrate the technique. Results. A patient with a scalp defect was reconstructed with a triangle-template-designed bilobed flap with excellent postoperative results. Conclusion. This new method using a triangle template ensures proper placement of the pivot point and will enable practitioners to achieve superior outcomes. [source] Novel Enantioselective Synthesis of Functionalized Pyridylarsanes by a Chiral Palladium Template Promoted Asymmetric Hydroarsanation ReactionEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 27 2009Fengli Liu Abstract The asymmetric hydroarsanation reactions between diphenylarsane and (E)-1-phenyl-3-(pyridin-2-yl)-2-propenone and (E)-1-methyl-3-(pyridin-2-yl)-2-propenoate have been achieved by use of the organopalladium complex containing ortho -metalated (R)-[1-(dimethylamino)ethyl]naphthalene as the chiral reaction template in high regio- and stereoselectivities under mild conditions. Hydroarsanation of (E)-1-phenyl-3-(pyridin-2-yl)-2-propenone with diphenylarsane generated two stereoisomeric products in the ratio of 3:1 as five-membered As,N bidentate chelates on the chiral naphthylamine palladium template. Using the same chiral metal template, the corresponding hydroarsanation reaction with (E)-1-methyl-3-(pyridin-2-yl)-2-propenoate gave only one product as a six-membered As,N bidentate chelate. The naphthylamine auxiliary could be removed chemoselectively by treatment with concentrated hydrochloric acid to form the corresponding optically pure neutral complexes. Subsequent ligands displacement from the palladium using aqueous potassium cyanide generated the optically pure keto- and ester-functionalized chiral pyridylarsane ligands. The absolute configuration and the coordination properties of the pyridylarsanes have been established by single-crystal X-ray analysis.(© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009) [source] Synthesis of Zinc Glycerolate Microstacks from a ZnO Nanorod Sacrificial TemplateEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 24 2009Róbert Rémiás Abstract We synthesized zinc glycerolate (ZnGly) microstacks bytreating ZnO with glycerol at 100 °C under reflux. We observed that the morphology of the ZnO source has a pronounced effect on the appearance of the ZnGly product. In the absence of structure-directing effects the product ZnGly is obtained as a random heap of hexagonal prisms with an average diameter and thickness of ca. 2.5 ,m and ca. 350 nm, respectively. However, bundles of nanorod-shaped ZnO obtained by the thermal decomposition of zinc oxalate nanorods could readily be transformed into 2,4 ,m long zinc glycerolate microstacks in which 6,12 hexagonal prisms are aligned face-to-face. We present evidence that the ZnGly plates in the microstacks are bound together by forces strong enough to withstand mechanical deformation exercised by a contacting AFM tip. The ZnGly microstacks appear to emerge from the ZnO nanorod bundles in an approx. 1:1 ratio in the reactive template synthesis.(© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009) [source] Mu-35: A Fluorogallophosphate Obtained by In Situ Generation of the TemplateEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 25 2007Louwanda Lakiss Abstract A two-dimensional microporous fluorogallophosphate, named Mu-35, closely related to ULM-8, was hydrothermally synthesized by in situ generation of the structure-directing agent. The precursor of the structure-directing agent is ethylformamide, which is generated in situ by decomposition, and goes on to form ethylamine molecules that act as templates in the medium used for the synthesis. The fluorogallophosphate Mu-35 (Mu is Mulhouse), Ga3(PO4)2(HPO4)F3(C2H8N)2(C2H7N)0.5 (Z = 8), crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbcn with the following unit cell parameters: a = 22.117(1), b = 17.3740(8), c = 10.1550(4) Ĺ. The structure of fluorogallophosphate Mu-35 was determined from single-crystal XRD data. It exhibits anionic layers composed of an unusual arrangement of three-, five-, and eight-membered rings (MR) [Ga2PO2F, Ga3P2O4F, and Ga3P3O8, respectively], and intercalated by protonated and nonprotonated ethylamine molecules. Mu-35 was also characterized by powder XRD, SEM, elemental and thermal analyses, and solid-state NMR spectroscopy (1H, 13C, 19F, and 31P MAS and 1H- 31P HETCOR experiments). (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007) [source] Catalysis: Synthesis of High-Surface-Area Platinum Nanotubes Using a Viral Template (Adv. Funct.ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 8 2010Mater. [source] Synthesis of High-Surface-Area Platinum Nanotubes Using a Viral TemplateADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 8 2010. Górzny, Marcin Abstract A novel method for the synthesis of high-active-surface-area, platinum,tobacco mosaic virus (Pt,TMV) nanotubes is presented. A platinum salt is reduced to its metallic form on the external surface of a rod-shaped TMV by methanol, which serves as a solvent and reductant simultaneously. It was found that for the same Pt loading the Pt,TMV nanotubes had an electrochemically active surface area between 4 to 8 times larger than similarly sized Pt nanoparticles. A Pt,TMV catalyst displays greater stability in acidic conditions than those based on nanoparticles. When used as a catalyst for methanol oxidation, these Pt nanotubes display a 65% increase in catalytic mass activity compared to that based on Pt nanoparticles. [source] Nanoimprinted Polyethyleneimine: A Multimodal Template for Nanoparticle Assembly and ImmobilizationADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 18 2009Chandramouleeswaran Subramani Abstract Polyethyleneimine (PEI) is used as a scaffold for integrated top-down/bottom-up fabrication. In this synergistic strategy, patterned PEI surfaces are created using thermal nanoimprint lithography (NIL) using a sacrificial polystyrene (PS) overlayer. These imprinted surfaces act as versatile templates for assembling nanoparticles and dyes, with the amine groups of the PEI enabling electrostatic assembly, carbodiimide coupling, and dithiocarbamate attachment to the nanoimprinted features. The efficient assembly of particles and dyes is confirmed through fluorescence and atomic force microscopy. In these studies the PS overlayer serves two roles. First, the PS layer protects the PEI surface during the plasma-etch removal of the residual layer of the NIL process. Second, the PS overlayer serves as a mask, enabling sequential functionalization of the sides and the tops of the PEI features. [source] The Large Electrochemical Capacitance of Microporous Doped Carbon Obtained by Using a Zeolite Template,ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 11 2007O. Ania Abstract A novel microporous templated carbon material doped with nitrogen is synthesized by using a two-step nanocasting process using acrylonitrile (AN) and propylene as precursors, and Na,Y zeolite as a scaffold. Liquid-phase impregnation and in,situ polymerization of the nitrogenated precursor inside the nanochannels of the inorganic scaffold, followed by gas-phase impregnation with propylene, enables pore-size control and functionality tuning of the resulting carbon material. The material thereby obtained has a narrow pore-size distribution (PSD), within the micropore range, and a large amount of heteroatoms (i.e., oxygen and nitrogen). In addition, the carbon material inherits the ordered structure of the inorganic host. Such features simultaneously present in the carbon result in it being ideal for use as an electrode in a supercapacitor. Although presenting a moderately developed specific surface area (SBET,=,1680,m2,g,1), the templated carbon material displays a large gravimetric capacitance (340,F,g,1) in aqueous media because of the combined electrochemical activity of the heteroatoms and the accessible porosity. This material can operate at 1.2,V in an aqueous medium with good cycleability,-beyond 10,000,cycles,and is extremely promising for use in the development of high-energy-density supercapacitors. [source] A Synthesis Detour to Planar-Diastereoisomeric Ferrocene Derivatives around an Unexpected Rearrangement of ortho -Lithiated Kagan's Template [S(S)] - (p -Tolylsulfinyl)ferroceneHELVETICA CHIMICA ACTA, Issue 4 2007Immo Weber Abstract Usually, ortho lithiation of Kagan's template 1 and quenching with electrophiles leads highly diastereoselectively to planar-chiral 1,2-disubstituted ferrocenes. Surprisingly, lithiation of 1 with lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) followed by addition of paraformaldehyde afforded regioisomer (+)-{[S(S)] - [4-(2-hydroxyethyl)phenyl]sulfinyl}ferrocene (2), which was converted to (+)-{[S(S)] - {4-{2-[(methylsulfonyl)oxy]ethyl}phenyl}sulfinyl}ferrocene (3) (Scheme,1). The desired diastereoisomer (l)-1-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(p -tolylsulfinyl)ferrocene (5) in turn could also be obtained by ortho lithiation of 1 with LDA but by quenching with DMF to yield aldehyde 4 first, which then was reduced with NaBH4 to 5. Finally, target compound (l)-1-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-2-(p -tolylsulfinyl)ferrocene (6) was obtained by substitution of the OH group of 5 under mild conditions or directly by ortho lithiation of 1 with lithio-2,4,6-triisopropylbenzene (=2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)lithium; LTP) followed by quenching with N,N -dimethylmethyleneiminium chloride. At low temperatures, reaction of 1 with LDA leads, via the preferred diastereoisomeric transition state ,exo'- 7 and under extrusion of a (diisopropylamine)lithium complex of type 8, in a highly selective manner, to diastereoisomeric ortho -lithiated chelate (l)- 9 (Scheme,2). The reaction of 1 to 2 is explained by a rearrangement of (l)- 9 to {[S(S)],[4-(lithiomethyl)phenyl]sulfinyl}ferrocene 10, which is acid-catalyzed by coordinated diisopropylamine in complexes of type 8. This rearrangement is not observed if LTP is used as base or, in case LDA is applied, if the electrophile is sufficiently reactive at low temperatures. [source] Vertically Aligned Nanowires on Flexible Silicone using a Supported Alumina Template prepared by Pulsed AnodizationADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 40 2009Stefan Mátéfi-Tempfli Carpets of vertically aligned nanowires on flexible substrates are successfully realized by a template method. Applying special pulsed anodization conditions, defect-free nanoporous alumina structures supported on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), a flexible silicone elastomer, are created. By using this template with nanopores ending on a conducting underlayer, a high-density nanowire array can be simply grown by direct DC-electrodeposition on the top of the silicone rubber. [source] Ferromagnetism in ZnO Nanowires Derived from Electro-deposition on AAO Template and Subsequent Oxidation,ADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 6 2008J. B. Yi ZnO wires are prepared from the oxidation of Zn wires, which are electrodeposited into AAO template. The ZnO wires show ferromagnetism at room temperature. A detailed study indicates that, owing to incomplete oxidation, Zn clusters embedded in the ZnO matrix may attribute to the room-temperature ferromagnetism. [source] Template- and Surfactant-free Room Temperature Synthesis of Self-Assembled 3D Pt Nanoflowers from Single-Crystal Nanowires,ADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 3 2008H. Sun 3D Pt nanoflowers, which are composed of numerous single-crystal nanowires, are successfully synthesized by a facile chemical procedure, at room temperature, without surfactant or template. The Pt nanoflowers adhere to carbon paper, exhibiting an enlarged electroactive surface area comparable to that of a commercial Pt/C electrode. [source] Three-Dimensional Geometry of Nanometer-Scale AlN Pits: A New Template for Quantum Dots?,ADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 1 2008F. Liu The exact 3D geometry of nanometer-scale AlN pits is determined by Z -contrast imaging. The figure shows the 3D geometry of an AlN nano-pit and its corresponding GaN quantum dot. An atomic-resolution Z -contrast image is displayed in false color to clearly show the Z -contrast of the image, while the other panel displays a schematic 3D view. [source] Synthesis of Vertical High-Density Epitaxial Si(100) Nanowire Arrays on a Si(100) Substrate Using an Anodic Aluminum Oxide Template,ADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 7 2007T. Shimizu Growth of vertical epitaxial Si(100) nanowires on Si(100) substrates is demonstrated (see figure) using a combination of an anodic aluminum oxide template, catalytic Au particles embedded in nanopores directly on the Si substrate by using electroless deposition, and vapor,liquid,solid growth using SiH4. HF acid treatment of the porous alumina template is important to realize a direct contact between deposited Au in the AAO nanopores and the Si substrate. [source] Synthesis of Polyaniline Nanotubes with a Reactive Template of Manganese Oxide,ADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 3 2007J. Pan Polyaniline nanotubes are synthesized from manganese oxide templates (see figure and cover). Manganese oxide is used as the physical template and the chemical oxidative initiator for the aniline polymerization. The template can be removed after the reaction, as manganese oxide is reduced into soluble Mn2+ ions. Many morphologies of polyaniline structures, such as nanotubes, spherical tube brushes, and double-shell nanotubes, can be fabricated using this method. [source] A Two-Dimensional KTiOPO4 Photonic Crystal Grown Using a Macroporous Silicon Template,ADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 17 2006A. Peńa 2D KTiOPO4 photonic crystals are fabricated using a silicon membrane of air holes as a template. Columns of KTiOPO4 are grown by liquid-phase epitaxy from a substrate into such air holes. The crystallographic orientation of the columns is the same as that of the substrate. The photonic-crystal properties of the fabricated structures and their capability to generate second-harmonic light are experimentally demonstrated. [source] Complexation of C60 on a Cyclothiophene Monolayer Template,ADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 4 2006E. Mena-Osteritz Highly ordered monolayers of macrocyclic oligothiophene C[12]T (see Figure) can be used as veritable templates to epitaxially grow 3D nanoarchitectures with C60 -fullerenes. Due to submolecularly resolved STM images, 1:1 complexes consisting of a ring-shaped p-type semiconductor (C[12]T) and a spherical n-type semiconductor (C60) can be investigated in terms of dynamics and complexation sites. [source] SrZrO3 Nanopatterning Using Self-Organized SrRuO3 as a TemplateADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 3 2005E. Vasco Nanopatterned rippled films (see Figure) are produced by epitaxial growth of pulsed-laser deposited SrRuO3 on phototreated surfaces of vicinal SrTiO3 by self-organization in a step-flow inhibited regime. The as-deposited SrRuO3 films are used as nanoscale templates to fabricate arrays of epitaxial SrZrO3 dielectric nanowires. [source] Effect of Counterions on Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica by the Route of TemplateJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY, Issue 7 2007Yang Yu-Xiang Mesoporous silica materials with ordered hexagonal and parallel-arranged pore channel have been synthesized using cetyl trimethylammonium bromide as a template and Na2SO4 as counterions. Their ordered mesostructures were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction patterns, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and nitrogen sorption analysis. The effects of Na2SO4 concentration on variations of morphology, specific surface area, and pore size were discussed; the results show that a high concentration of Na2SO4 induces the formation of crystal threads with a "tubules-within-tubule" structure, and also leads to mesoporous silica materials with spherical, fabaceous, sheet-like, or prismatic shapes. The results also show that a high concentration of Na2SO4 can make the pore size decrease, but cannot change pore wall thickness, demonstrating the stability of the hexagonal-shaped pores. [source] Synthesis of Biomorphous Nickel Oxide from a Pinewood Template and Investigation on a Hierarchical Porous StructureJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY, Issue 2 2006Zhaoting Liu The hydrothermal synthesis of biomorphous nickel oxide (NiO) with pine template and nickel nitrate precursor is reported here. The morphology, porosity and connectivity of porous products in different length scales were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and nitrogen adsorption measurements. Their porous structures were found to be hierarchical from 1 up to 25 ,m (in micrometer scale) and from 2 nm to 60 nm (in nanometer scale). Furthermore, depending on the heat-treatment temperatures, the porosity of the pine-templated NiO can be designed. [source] Comparison of Three Pebble Count Protocols (EMAP, PIBO, and SFT) in Two Mountain Gravel-Bed Streams,JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION, Issue 5 2009Kristin Bunte Abstract:, Although the term "pebble count" is in widespread use, there is no standardized methodology used for the field application of this procedure. Each pebble count analysis is the product of several methodological choices, any of which are capable of influencing the final result. Because there are virtually countless variations on pebble count protocols, the question of how their results differ when applied to the same study reach is becoming increasingly important. This study compared three pebble count protocols: the reach-averaged Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) protocol named after the EMAP developed by the Environmental Protection Agency, the habitat-unit specific U.S. Forest Service's PACFISH/INFISH Biological Opinion (PIBO) Effectiveness Monitoring Program protocol, and a data-intensive method developed by the authors named Sampling Frame and Template (SFT). When applied to the same study reaches, particle-size distributions varied among the three pebble count protocols because of differences in sample locations within a stream reach and along a transect, in particle selection, and particle-size determination. The EMAP protocol yielded considerably finer, and the PIBO protocol considerably coarser distributions than the SFT protocol in the pool-riffle study streams, suggesting that the data cannot be used interchangeably. Approximately half of the difference was due to sampling at different areas within the study reach (i.e., wetted width, riffles, and bankfull width) and at different locations within a transect. The other half was attributed to using different methods for particle selection from the bed, particle-size determination, and the use of wide, nonstandard size classes. Most of the differences in sampling outcomes could be eliminated by using simple field tools, by collecting a larger sample size, and by systematically sampling the entire bankfull channel and all geomorphic units within the reach. [source] Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Nanospheres Synthesized Using a Micelle Soft Template Associated with Cuprous OxideMACROMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS, Issue 11 2010Ying Zhu Abstract PEDOT nanospheres with an average diameter of about 100,nm were chemically synthesized using APS as the oxidant in the presence of SDBS and Cu2O, respectively. It was found that Cu2O is crucial to forming uniform PEDOT nanospheres because only granular PEDOT was obtained in the absence of Cu2O. It is proposed that the PEDOT nanospheres are self-assembled by a cooperation effect of SDBS as the micelle soft-template and Cu2O as the stabilizer of the spherical micelles. Additionally, the PEDOT nanospheres are soluble in some organic solvents, such as THF, DMF and DMSO, which is of benefit for fabrication of electronic and photonic devices. [source] Synthesis of Conducting Polymer Spiral Nanostructures Using a Surfactant Crystallite TemplateMACROMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS, Issue 11 2009Yong Wang Abstract The present work describes, for the first time, the synthesis of spiral nanostructures of conducting polymers by chemical oxidant polymerization using a hydrated surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDSn)) crystallite template. A spiral dislocation structure on the surface of a hydrated SDSn crystallite has been observed and is responsible for the growth of the spiral nanoarchitecture of conducting polymers (polypyrrole, polyaniline). Ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS) has a strong tendency to induce the formation of a spiral dislocation structure of hydrated SDSn crystallites. The mechanism of adsorption of pyrrole or aniline oligomers on the steps of dislocation is proposed for the growth of conducting polymer spirals. [source] Morphology and Crystalline Structure of Poly(, -Caprolactone) Nanofiber via Porous Aluminium Oxide TemplateMACROMOLECULAR MATERIALS & ENGINEERING, Issue 9 2006Yang Chen Abstract Summary: Poly(, -caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers with a dimension of about 150 nm were successfully fabricated by using a process of extruding PCL solution via a porous aluminium oxide template and then solidifying in methanol. The morphology, melting behavior and crystalline structure of the nanofibers were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results revealed that the weight-average molecular weight () of PCL hardly influenced the morphology of the nanofibers. However, the melting temperature (Tm) of the PCL crystalline increased slightly from 55.4 to 57.5,°C with an increase in . The accessional pressure and the presence of the porous template played an important role in the improvement of the orientation and crystallization structures of the polymer chains when they were passing through the nano-scale porous channel, leading to the conglomeration of the fiber and the much larger diameter than those from the pressure-induced extrusion process. Furthermore, comparing the processes with and without accessional pressure, the crystallinity of the nanofibers obtained under 0.2 MPa pressure increased, and the diffraction for the (001) lattice plane occurred. SEM image of PCL nanofibers extruded via a porous aluminium oxide template with the aid of pressure. [source] Facile Fabrication of Functional Polypyrrole Nanotubes via a Reactive Self-Degraded TemplateMACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS, Issue 21 2005Xiaoming Yang Abstract Summary: Polypyrrole nanotubes with high electric conductivity and azo function have been fabricated in high yield via an in-situ polymerization. During the process fibrillar complex of FeCl3 and methyl orange (MO), acting as a reactive self-degraded template, directed the growth of polypyrrole on its surface and promoted the assembly into hollow nanotubular structures. TEM image of uncompleted PPy nanotubes synthesized in MO solutions after reaction for 40 min. [source] Synthesis of Large-Area Three-Dimensional Polyaniline Nanowire Networks Using a "Soft Template"MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS, Issue 5 2005Wenbin Zhong Abstract Summary: Three-dimensional polyaniline (PANI) nanowire networks were synthesized in high yield using a "soft template" self-assembled with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and oxalic acid. The PANI nanowire networks had diameters from 35,100 nm depending on synthesis conditions and/or procedures. The networks and the "cross-linking points" were clearly observed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. A possible mechanism for the formation of three-dimensional PANI nanowire networks is discussed. FESEM image of PANI with three-dimensional nanowire networks. [source] Fabrication of a Metal Particle Array Based on a Self-Assembled Template from a Two-Armed Polymer,MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS, Issue 8 2003Jun Fu Abstract A two-armed polymer with a crown ether core self-assembles to produce macroporous films with pores perpendicularly reaching through the film down to the substrate. A possible assembling mechanism is discussed. The pore size can be conveniently adjusted by changing the solution concentration. These through-hole macroporous films provide a template for fabricating an array of Cu nanoparticle aggregates. [source] Goal, intervention and outcome of occupational therapy in individuals with psychoses.OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 1 2000Content analysis through a chart review Abstract The purpose of the study was to analyse the content of occupational therapy records documenting treatment for individuals with psychoses. A retrospective content analysis of occupational therapy records regarding treatment goals, interventions and outcome was undertaken using a coding scheme, the Template of Occupational Therapy (TOT). Twenty-five occupational therapists chosen at random contributed 64 occupational therapy records, generating 2992 statements. The patients' disorders and functional and activity limitations (n=1723) were comprehensively described. Ability to manage self-care and the home environment, and to engage in a daily occupation, emerged as the prominent treatment goals. The content of the occupational therapy interventions was characterized by descriptions of a wide range of activities, which were used as therapeutic resources. The occupational therapist had a client-centred approach, combining the use of the current activity with the use of herself/himself as a resource. A few statements in the records were interpreted as relating to outcomes of treatment for this patient group. Statements related to outcome were the patients' self-reports and how they were able to manage activities of daily living. This retrospective study was found to be a useful conceptual model for designing studies of evidence-based occupational therapy in mental health. Copyright © 2000 Whurr Publishers Ltd. [source] Validated simulation of kinematics and dynamics of multibody systems using interval and Taylor model based methodsPROCEEDINGS IN APPLIED MATHEMATICS & MECHANICS, Issue 1 2007Ekaterina Auer In this paper, we present an integrated environment for validated modeling and simulation of kinematics and dynamics of various classes of mechanical systems SMARTMOBILE (Simulation and Modeling of dynAmics in MOBILE: Reliable and Template,based) built on top of the non-validated tool MOBILE. We outline the main features of SMARTMOBILE and its applicability area. The functionality of the new tool and the importance of the application of validated techniques are demonstrated. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||