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Taxonomic Position (taxonomic + position)
Selected AbstractsGrowth of Frankia strains in leaf litter-amended soil and the rhizosphere of a nonactinorhizal plantFEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY, Issue 1 2009Babur S. Mirza Abstract The ability of Frankia strains to grow in the rhizosphere of a nonactinorhizal plant, Betula pendula, in surrounding bulk soil and in soil amended with leaf litter was analyzed 6 weeks after inoculation of pure cultures by in situ hybridization. Growth responses were related to taxonomic position as determined by comparative sequence analysis of nifH gene fragments and of an actinomycetes-specific insertion in Domain III of the 23S rRNA gene. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed the basic classification of Frankia strains by host infection groups, and allowed a further differentiation of Frankia clusters within the Alnus host infection group. Except for Casuarina -infective Frankia strains, all other strains of the Alnus and the Elaeagnus host infection groups displayed growth in the rhizosphere of B. pendula, and none of them grew in the surrounding bulk soil that was characterized by a very low organic matter content. Only a small number of strains that all belonged to a distinct phylogenetic cluster within the Alnus host infection group grew in soil amended with ground leaf litter from B. pendula. These results demonstrate that saprotrophic growth of frankiae is a common trait for most members of the genus, and the supporting factors for growth (i.e. carbon utilization capabilities) varied with the host infection group and the phylogenetic affiliation of the strains. [source] Mucilaginibacter dorajii sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of Platycodon grandiflorumFEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS, Issue 2 2010Byung-Chun Kim Abstract A Gram-negative, nonmotile and rod-shaped bacterial strain was isolated from the rhizosphere of Platycodon grandiflorum in a study of bacterial diversity, and its taxonomic position was investigated by a genotypic and phenotypic analysis. This isolate, designated as DR-f4, grew at 4,30 °C (optimally at 20,25 °C) and in the presence of 0,1% (w/v) NaCl. It contained MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone. The isolate had activities of catalase, oxidase and ,-galactosidase and hydrolyzed aesculin, casein, carboxymethyl-cellulose, starch and l -tyrosine. The major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16:1,7c and/or iso-C15:0 2OH) and iso-C15:0. The DNA G+C content was 42.6 mol%. This isolate belonged to the genus Mucilaginibacter based on phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequences. The nearest phylogenetic neighbors of strain DR-f4T were Mucilaginibacter lappiensis ANJL12T and Mucilaginibacter rigui WPCB133T, with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity levels of 96.9% and 96.4%, respectively. The genotypic and phenotypic evidence suggests that strain DR-f4T should be classified as a novel species, for which the name Mucilaginibacter dorajii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain for the novel species is DR-f4T (=KACC 14556T=JCM 16601T). [source] Potentiality of the cox1 gene in the taxonomic resolution of soil fungiFEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS, Issue 1 2010Claire Molitor Abstract We explored the potential of the cox1 gene in the species resolution of soil fungi and compared it with the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and small subunit (SSU)-rDNA. Conserved primers allowing the amplification of the fungal cox1 gene were designed, and a total of 47 isolates of Zygomycota and Ascomycota were investigated. The analysis revealed a lack of introns in >90% of the isolates. Comparison of the species of each of the six studied genera showed high interspecific sequence polymorphisms. Indeed, the average of nucleotide variations (4.2,11%) according to the genus, due mainly to the nucleotide substitutions, led to the taxonomic resolution of all the species studied regarding both ITS and SSU-rDNA, in which <88% were discriminated. The phylogenetic analysis performed after alignment of the cox1 gene across distant fungal species was in accordance with the well-known taxonomic position of the species studied and no overlap was observed between intra- and interspecific variations. These results clearly demonstrated that the cox1 sequences could provide good molecular markers for the determination of the species composition of environmental samples and constitute an important advance to study soil fungal biodiversity. [source] Rediscovery of Grallaria alleni (Formicariidae) with notes on its range, song and identificationIBIS, Issue 2 2000NIELS KRABBE In 1992 the Moustached Antpitta Grallaria alleni was feared extinct. We present the first records of the species from Ecuador, discuss new data on the unique subspecies G. a. andaquiensis as well as its taxonomic position, describe the previously unknown vocalizations of this species and compare the latter with those of several congeners. [source] 81 Recent introduction of polysiphonia morrowii (ceramiales, rhodophyta) to punta arenas, chileJOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY, Issue 2003M.S. Kim Polysiphonia morrowii (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) is abundant intertidally in spring in the Northwest Pacific. The species occurs in a large part of the North Sea and in Thau Lagoon, France, showing disjointed distributions, where the alga has been probably introduced recently. Using plastid protein-coding rbcL sequence data from specimens of P. morrowii and putatively related taxa, collected in Korea, Japan and Far-east Russia, and Chile, we tested the taxonomic position of each taxon. Pairwise divergence and topology of the sequences indicate that the Chilean taxon was identical to P. morrowii and was clearly separated from other related taxa from Chile. The results suggest that P. morrowii is recently anthropogenically introduced from the Northwest Pacific to Chile by boat or by transport with aquacultured organisms. Detailed observations of field-collected material will probably enable a more realistic evaluation of distribution of P. morrowii to be made in the Pacific Ocean. [source] Raymondionymus eximius sp. n., a remarkable new species of endogeic weevil (Coleoptera, Curculionoidea, Raymondionymidae)MITTEILUNGEN AUS DEM MUSEUM FUER NATURKUNDE IN BERLIN-DEUTSCHE ENTOMOLOGISCHE ZEITSCHRIFT, Issue 1 2006Massimo Meregalli Abstract Raymondionymus eximius sp. n. from Central Italy (Mount Viglio, on the Simbruini Mountains) is described. The new species differs from all the other species of the genus for its pronotum with a deep Y-shaped depression, the more globose elytra and the acutely pointed aedeagus. Short remarks on its taxonomic position within the genus are given. (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] A new Brazilian bark beetle, Xylechinosomus lucianae sp. n. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae, Tomicini), from Araucaria angustifolia (Conifera, Araucariaceae),MITTEILUNGEN AUS DEM MUSEUM FUER NATURKUNDE IN BERLIN-DEUTSCHE ENTOMOLOGISCHE ZEITSCHRIFT, Issue 2 2004Roland Mecke Abstract A new phloeophagous bark beetle, Xylechinosomus lucianae sp. n., found in branches of Araucaria angustifolia in the South Brazilian State of Rio Grande do Sul, is described and information on its life history is given. In addition, problems with the taxonomic position of the genus Xylechinosomus in the tribe Tomicini are discussed. [source] Tanacetum joharchii sp. nov. (Asteraceae,Anthemideae) from Iran, and its taxonomic position based on molecular dataNORDIC JOURNAL OF BOTANY, Issue 1 2010Ali Sonboli Tanacetum joharchii Sonboli & Kazempour Osaloo sp. nov. (Asteraceae,Anthemideae) is described and illustrated from the Khorasan province, northeast Iran. Tanacetum joharchii is a suffruticulose species from rocky limestone mountains in Hezarmasjed and Binalud (Khorasan province) at altitudes of 1900,2500 m a.s.l. The diagnostic morphological characteristics that distinguish it from the allied species T. kotschyi are presented. In addition, a distribution map of T. joharchii and the related species is given. In order to provide some hypothesis on its phylogenetic position, a molecular phylogenetic analysis based on nrDNA ITS sequence data of 14 representatives of the genus Tanacetum was performed. [source] Schiedeella jean-mulleri sp. nov. and S. esquintlensis sp. nov. (Orchidaceae, Stenorrhynchidinae) from GuatemalaNORDIC JOURNAL OF BOTANY, Issue 4 2009Dariusz L. Szlachetko Two new species of the genus Schiedeella Schltr. (Orchidaceae), S. jean-mulleri Szlach., Rutk. & Mytnik and S. esquintlensis Szlach., Rutk. & Mytnik, are described and illustrated. Their taxonomic position is briefly discussed. [source] Bacterial leaf blight of strawberry (Fragaria (x) ananassa) caused by a pathovar of Xanthomonas arboricola, not similar to Xanthomonas fragariae Kennedy & King.PLANT PATHOLOGY, Issue 6 2001Description of the causal organism as Xanthomonas arboricola pv. fragariae (pv. nov., comb. nov.) A new bacterial disease of strawberry is described. This disease, called bacterial leaf blight of strawberry, is characterized by dry, brown necrotic leaf spots and large brown V-shaped lesions along the leaf margin, midrib and major veins. Symptoms are different from angular leaf spot of strawberry caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas fragariae. Strains of the bacterial leaf blight pathogen were characterized in a polyphasic approach by biochemical tests, fatty acid analysis, protein electrophoresis, serology, PCR, pigment analysis, ice-nucleation activity, AFLP analysis, DNA:DNA hybridization, pathogenicity and host range tests, and compared with a number of reference strains of X. fragariae and other Xanthomonas species. Bacterial leaf blight strains formed a homogeneous group in all tests, completely different from X. fragariae. They were the only strains causing leaf blight of strawberry upon artificial inoculation into strawberry. Fatty acid and protein electrophoretic analysis showed that the strains belong to the phenon X. campestris (sensu latu, including pathovars now classified as belonging to X. arboricola). AFLP analysis and DNA:DNA hybridization further clarified their taxonomic position as belonging to X. arboricola. The name X. arboricola pv. fragariae is proposed for the bacterium causing leaf blight of strawberry with strain PD2780 (LMG 19145) as pathovar type strain. Criteria for routine identification are given and the taxonomic status is discussed. [source] Transfer of Nosema locustae (Microsporidia) to Antonospora locustae n. comb.THE JOURNAL OF EUKARYOTIC MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 2 2004Based on Molecular, Ultrastructural Data ABSTRACT. Nosema locustae is a microsporidian parasite of grasshopper pesthd that is used as a biological control agent, and is one of the emerging model systems for microsporidia. Due largely to its diplokaryotic nuclei, N. locustae has been classified in the genus Nosema, a large genus with members that infect a wide variety of insects. However, some molecular studies have cast doubt on the validity of certain Nosema species, and on the taxonomic position of N. locustae. To clarify the affinities of this important insect parasite we sequenced part of the rRNA operon of N. locustae and conducted a phylogenetic analysis using the complete small subunit rRNA gene. Nosema locustae is only distantly related to the nominotypic N. bombycis, and is instead closely related to Antonospora scoticae, a recently described parasite of bees. We examined the ultrastructure of mature N. locustae spores, and found the spore wall to differ from true Nosema species in having a multi-layered exospore resembling that of Antonospora (one of the distinguishing features of that genus). Based on both molecular and morphological evidence, therefore, we propose transferring N. locustae to the genus Antonospora, as Antonospora locustae n. comb. [source] Ultrastructure and Development of Pleistophora ronneafiei n. sp., a Microsporidium (Protista) in the Skeletal Muscle of an Immune-Compromised IndividualTHE JOURNAL OF EUKARYOTIC MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 2 2003ANN CALI ABSTRACT. This report provides a detailed ultrastructural study of the life cycle, including proliferative and sporogonic developmental stages, of the first Pleistophora species (microsporidium) obtained from an immune-incompetent patient. In 1985, the organism obtained from a muscle biopsy was initially identified as belonging to the genus Pleistophora, based on spore morphology and its location in a sporophorous vesicle. Since that initial report, at least two new microsporidial genera, Trachipleistophora and Brachiola, have been reported to infect the muscle tissue of immunologically compromised patients. Because Trachipleistophora development is similar to Pleistophora, and as Pleistophora was only known to occur in cold-blooded hosts, the question of the proper classification of this microsporidium arose. The information acquired in this study makes it possible to compare Pleistophora sp. (Ledford et al. 1985) to the known human infections and properly determine its correct taxonomic position. Our ultrastructural data have revealed the formation of multinucleate sporogonial plasmodia, a developmental characteristic of the genus Pleistophora and not Trachipleistophora. A comparison with other species of the genus supports the establishment of a new species. This parasite is given the name Pleistophora ronneafiei n. sp. [source] New chromosome reports in the subtribes Diocleinae and Glycininae (Phaseoleae: Papilionoideae: Fabaceae)BOTANICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY, Issue 2 2008SHIRLEY M. ESPERT The base chromosome number of x = 11 is the most probable in all the subtribes included in tribe Phaseoleae, although some aneuploid reduction is evident in Collaea and Galactia (Diocleinae) and chromosome duplications are seen in Amphicarpaea, Cologania and Glycine (Glycininae). The aims of this study were to improve the cytological knowledge of some species of Collaea and Galactia and to examine the anomalous counts reported for Calopogonium (Glycininae) and verify its taxonomic position. In addition, a molecular phylogeny was constructed using nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences (internal transcribed spacer region), and the chromosome number was optimized on the topology. In this work, the chromosome counts for Galactia lindenii, Galactia decumbens and Collaea cipoensis (all 2n = 20), and Calopogonium sericeum (2n = 22) are reported for the first time. The new reports for Galactia and Collaea species are in agreement with the chromosome number proposed for subtribe Diocleinae. The study rejects the concept of a cytologically anomalous Calopogonium and, based on the phylogenetic analysis, corroborates the position of this genus within subtribe Glycininae. The ancestral basic chromosome number of x = 11 proposed for Phaseoleae is in agreement with the evolutionary pathway of chromosome numbers analysed in this work. © 2008 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2008, 158, 336,341. [source] A new species of Allium (Alliaceae) from Dalmatia, CroatiaBOTANICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY, Issue 1 2008SANDRO BOGDANOVI Allium croaticum, a new species from the island of Vis in Central Dalmatia (Croatia) is described and illustrated. Its relationships with allied species belonging to the A. stamineum group (Allium section Codonoprasum) are discussed. It is a diploid species (2n = 16), colonizing calcareous screes and flowering in early summer. Its morphology, leaf anatomy, karyology, palynology, ecology and taxonomic position are examined. © 2008 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2008, 158, 106,114. [source] New Taxa of Chrysomelidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) from Rovno Amber, Late EoceneACTA GEOLOGICA SINICA (ENGLISH EDITION), Issue 4 2010Konstantin NADEIN Abstract: Leaf beetles Chrysomelidae of Rovno amber, from the Late Eocene, are recorded and described. Chrysomelidae of Rovno amber are represented by three subfamilies: Galerucinae (Alticini), Chrysomelinae, and Eumolpinae. Two new genera and three new species of Alticini: Manobiomorpha Nadein, gen. nov. (type species Manobiomorpha eocenica Nadein, sp. nov.), Psyllototus Nadein, gen. nov. (type species Psyllototus progenitor Nadein, sp. nov.), and Crepidodera decolorata Nadein et Perkovsky, sp. nov. are described. A new chrysomeline genus and species Paleophaedon minutus Nadein gen. nov. et sp. nov. is described. Probable trophic association of Crepidodera decolorata sp. nov., the taxonomic positions of Manobiomorpha gen. nov. and Psyllototus gen. nov., and the composition of leaf beetle faunas of Middle and Late Eocene of Europe are discussed. [source] | ||||||||||