Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Systemic Problems (systemic + problem)
Selected AbstractsOut of the Loop: Why Research Rarely Reaches Policy Makers and the Public and What Can be DoneBIOTROPICA, Issue 5 2009Patricia Shanley ABSTRACT Most of the world's population that derives their livelihoods or part of their livelihoods from forests are out of the information loop. Exclusion of public users of natural resources from access to scientific research results is not an oversight; it is a systemic problem that has costly ramifications for conservation and development. Results of a survey of 268 researchers from 29 countries indicate that institutional incentives support the linear, top-down communication of results through peer-reviewed journal articles, which often guarantees positive performance measurement. While the largest percentage of respondents (34%) ranked scientists as the most important audience for their work, only 15 percent of respondents considered peer-reviewed journals effective in promoting conservation and/or development. Respondents perceived that local initiatives (27%) and training (16%) were likely to lead to success in conservation and development; but few scientists invest in these activities. Engagement with the media (5%), production of training and educational materials (4%) and popular publications (5%) as outlets for scientific findings was perceived as inconsequential (<14%) in measuring scientific performance. Less than 3 percent of respondents ranked corporate actors as an important audience for their work. To ensure science is shared with those who need it, a shift in incentive structures is needed that rewards actual impact rather than only ,high-impact' journals. Widely used approaches and theoretical underpinnings from the social sciences, which underlie popular education and communication for social change, could enhance communication by linking knowledge and action in conservation biology. [source] Nurses on the Move: A Global OverviewHEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH, Issue 3p2 2007Mireille Kingma Objective. To look at nurse migration flows in the light of national nursing workforce imbalances, examine factors that encourage or inhibit nurse mobility, and explore the potential benefits of circular migration. Principal Findings. The number of international migrants has doubled since 1970 and nurses are increasingly part of the migratory stream. Critical nursing shortages in industrialized countries are generating a demand that is fueling energetic international recruitment campaigns. Structural adjustments in the developing countries have created severe workforce imbalances and shortfalls often coexist with large numbers of unemployed health professionals. A nurse's motivation to migrate is multifactorial, not limited to financial incentives, and barriers exist that discourage or slow the migration process. The migration flows vary in direction and magnitude over time, responding to socioeconomic factors present in source and destination countries. The dearth of data on which to develop international health human resource policy remains. There is growing recognition, however, that migration will continue and that temporary migration will be a focus of attention in the years to come. Conclusions. Today's search for labor is a highly organized global hunt for talent that includes nurses. International migration is a symptom of the larger systemic problems that make nurses leave their jobs. Nurse mobility becomes a major issue only in a context of migrant exploitation or nursing shortage. Injecting migrant nurses into dysfunctional health systems,ones that are not capable of attracting and retaining staff domestically,will not solve the nursing shortage. [source] Scoping mental health nursing educationINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH NURSING, Issue 1 2000Michael Clinton ABSTRACT: In late 1999 the National Mental Health Working Group of the Australian Health Ministers Advisory Council commissioned the Australian and New Zealand College of Mental Health Nurses to undertake a scoping study of mental health nursing. A final report will be submitted to the National Mental Health Working Group in February 2000. The purpose of this article is to draw attention to some of the systemic problems that confront the education of mental health nurses in Australia. Shortcomings in the preparation of undergraduate students of nursing for commencing practice in mental health nursing are described and comments are given on issues affecting the quality of postgraduate mental health nursing education. KEY WORDS: mental health, nursing education. [source] Promoting Mental Health in Schools in the Midst of School ReformJOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, Issue 5 2000Howard S. Adelman ABSTRACT: Efforts to promote mental health in schools have encountered a variety of systemic problems. Of particular concern is that planning and implementing programs and services often occurs in an unsystematic and ad hoc fashion resulting in fragmented and piecemeal activities and an inefficient use of limited resources. Even more fundamental is the degree to which schools marginalize all efforts to address barriers to student learning. With a view to enhancing understanding and resolution of these problems, this paper explores the policy deficiencies that perpetuate the status quo and presents a framework for moving forward. [source] Honors programs: A case study of transfer preparationNEW DIRECTIONS FOR COMMUNITY COLLEGES, Issue 114 2001Herald R. Kane This chapter traces the design and development of the San Diego City College Honors Program and its successful implementation of intersegmental transfer agreements,chief among them being the Transfer Alliance Program (TAP), with the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). It describes the recent historical context in which community college honors programs took on a strong leadership role in addressing deep systemic problems in the transfer function in California, a role that continues to this day. This chapter identifies the pivotal contributions of intersegmental transfer agreements like TAP in the development of honors programs at community colleges, and it emphasizes their implications for college students and faculty members. [source] Features and prognoses of infantile patients with atopic dermatitis hospitalized for severe complicationsTHE JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 12 2006Norito KATOH ABSTRACT Although atopic dermatitis (AD) itself is regarded as a non-life threatening disease, childhood AD may be rarely accompanied by some serious complications. Six infantile AD patients who were hospitalized because of severe systemic complications, in addition to severe dermatitis on almost the entire body surface, are described. They were complicated by hypoproteinemia, hypovolemia, thrombocytosis, reduced serum immunoglobulin G, elevated serum liver enzymes and growth retardation. They had not been treated with topical corticosteroid before hospitalization. They were treated with topical corticosteroid and their eruption remarkably improved within 20 days (median) of hospitalization. Most of the abnormal clinical data including platelet numbers, serum levels of total protein, and liver enzymes had become normal at the day of discharge. After 30 ± 4 months of follow up, their skin condition was fair with daily application of moisturizer and occasional use of topical corticosteroid, without any systemic problems. Although severe infantile AD may be accompanied by potentially life-threatening systemic complications, their prognoses concerning AD are favorable if they are treated adequately from the beginning of their infancy. [source] | ||||||||||