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Systemic Health (systemic + health)
Selected AbstractsEpidemiologic issues in studies of association between apical periodontitis and systemic healthENDODONTIC TOPICS, Issue 1 2004Daniel J. Caplan Perhaps the most exciting issue currently facing the dental research community centers around a hypothesized connection between chronic inflammatory oral infections, most notably periodontal disease, and the development of adverse systemic health conditions. To date, inflammation of endodontic origin (i.e., apical periodontitis (AP)) has not been extensively studied in this regard despite being a commonly found sequel to bacterial infection of the dental pulp space. Although numerous differences exist between chronic inflammatory disease of periodontal and endodontic origins, there are some notable similarities, primarily that: (1) both often are associated with Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria, and (2) elevated cytokine levels may be released systemically from acute and chronic manifestations of both disease processes. This article provides a brief review of several important concepts concerning adverse general health outcomes as they relate to periodontal disease, summarizes recent epidemiologic studies of AP and root canal therapy, and reviews some general issues involved in the conduct of epidemiologic studies as well as how these issues apply to investigations that address potential links between endodontic inflammatory disease and adverse systemic health outcomes. [source] Preliminary evidence supporting a framework of psychological adjustment to inflammatory bowel disease,INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES, Issue 10 2010Jennifer L. Kiebles PhD Abstract Background: Adjustment to chronic disease is a multidimensional construct described as successful adaptation to disease-specific demands, preservation of psychological well-being, functional status, and quality of life. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can be particularly challenging due to the unpredictable, relapsing and remitting course of the disease. Methods: All participants were patients being treated in an outpatient gastroenterology clinic at a university medical center. Participants completed a survey of questionnaires assessing illness perceptions, stress, emotional functioning, disease acceptance, coping, disease impact, and disease-specific and health-related quality of life. Adjustment was measured as a composite of perceived disability, psychological functioning, and disease-specific and health-related quality of life. Results: Participants were 38 adults with a diagnosis of either Crohn's disease (45%) or ulcerative colitis (55%). We observed that our defined adjustment variables were strongly correlated with disease characteristics (r = 0.33,0.80, all P < 0.05), an emotional representation of illness (r = 0.44,0.58, P < 0.01), disease acceptance (r = 0.34,0.74, P < 0.05), coping (r = 0.33,0.60, P < 0.05), and frequency of gastroenterologist visits (r = 0.39,0.70, P < 0.05). Better adjustment was associated with greater bowel and systemic health, increased activities engagement and symptom tolerance, less pain, less perceived stress, and fewer gastroenterologist visits. All adjustment variables were highly correlated (r = 0.40,0.84, P < 0.05) and demonstrated a cohesive composite. Conclusions: The framework presented and results of this study underscore the importance of considering complementary pathways of disease management including cognitive, emotional, and behavioral factors beyond the traditional medical and psychological (depression and anxiety) components. (Inflamm Bowel Dis 2010) [source] A study to evaluate the relationship between periodontitis, cardiovascular disease and serum lipid levelsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DENTAL HYGIENE, Issue 2 2009R Sridhar Abstract:, Background:, The search for cellular mechanisms linking periodontitis to changes in systemic health has resulted in the evolution of a new area of lipid research. So far the causality and possible pathways of the association between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease is obscure. Method:, A total of 120 subjects were included in the study with 30 subjects in each of the following groups: healthy group (A), chronic periodontitis group (B), coronary heart disease (CHD + periodontitis group) (C) and CHD , periodontitis group (D). All subjects underwent oral examination and their Gingival Index, Oral Hygiene Index, Periodontal Disease Index scores and attachment loss were recorded. Two millilitres of fasting venous blood sample was drawn and tested for the level of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglyceride level. Results and Conclusion:, The results revealed no significant difference with respect to the lipid profile levels between the four groups. Interpreting the results of the study, periodontal disease did not cause an increase in total CHL, LDL or triglyceride levels or a decrease in the HDL levels in an otherwise systemically healthy individual or in a CHD patient. Periodontitis in a CHD patient did not seem to exacerbate the destruction of periodontal tissue. Higher triglyceride levels did not have any correlation with the severity of attachment loss in a periodontitis subject. [source] Rapid saliva processing techniques for near real-time analysis of salivary steroids and proteinJOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS, Issue 6 2008Kelly R. Atkinson Abstract Introduction: Point-of-care (POC) measurements using saliva samples have immense potential to assess systemic health and wellbeing, but sample viscosity and contaminants can affect analyses. We sought a portable clean-up method for whole saliva appropriate for use with POC measurement techniques such as biosensors. Methods: Whole saliva from each of 13 male subjects was split into 5 fractions. Each fraction was treated with a different clean-up process: a freeze,thaw,centrifuge (FTC) step; centrifugation alone; or passage through a Mini-UniPrep polyethersulfone filter, cotton Salivette®, or foam Oracol device. Following clean-up, each subject's treated saliva fractions were assayed for cortisol, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and proteinconcentrations. The effects of clean-upmethods on nonspecific binding (NSB) in a biosensor were also assessed. Results: Compared with FTC, no analytes were affected by centrifugation alone. Cotton Salivettes significantly altered all analytes, with increases in cortisol (+64%), testosterone (+126%), and DHEA (off-scale) levels, and decreased protein (,21%) and biosensor NSB (,75%). Oracol foam devices decreased DHEA levels by 28%. Mini-UniPrep filtration decreased testosterone (,45%) and DHEA (,66%) concentrations while increasing cortisol (+40%). Conclusion: No method was optimal for all analytes, highlighting the need for validation of saliva treatment methods before their adoption in rapid POC analyses. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 22:395,402, 2008. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Nutrition and inflammation: the missing link between periodontal disease and systemic health in the frail elderly?JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 5 2006Rita Jepsen [source] Oral health and frailty in the medieval English cemetery of St Mary GracesAMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, Issue 3 2010Sharon N. DeWitte Abstract The analysis of oral pathologies is routinely a part of bioarcheological and paleopathological investigations. Oral health, while certainly interesting by itself, is also potentially informative about general or systemic health. Numerous studies within modern populations have shown associations between oral pathologies and other diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, certain types of cancer, and pulmonary infections. This article addresses the question of how oral health was associated with general health in past populations by examining the relationship between two oral pathologies (periodontal disease and dental caries) and the risk of mortality in a cemetery sample from medieval England. The effects of periodontitis and dental caries on risk of death were assessed using a sample of 190 individuals from the St Mary Graces cemetery, London, dating to ,AD 1350,1538. The results suggest that the oral pathologies are associated with elevated risks of mortality in the St Mary Graces cemetery such that individuals with periodontitis and dental caries were more likely to die than their peers without such pathologies. The results shown here suggest that these oral pathologies can be used as informative indicators of general health in past populations. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2010. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Periodontal disease and systemic health: current statusAUSTRALIAN DENTAL JOURNAL, Issue 2009MP Cullinan Abstract The relationship between poor oral health and systemic diseases has been increasingly recognized over the past two decades. Indeed, the clichés "You cannot have good general health without good oral health", "The mouth is part of the body" and "Floss or die", are gaining an increasing momentum. A large number of epidemiological studies have now linked poor oral health with cardiovascular diseases, poor glycaemic control in diabetics, low birthweight preterm babies and a variety of other conditions. The majority have shown an association, although not always strong. As a result, a number of meta-analyses have been conducted and have confirmed the associations and at the same time cautioned that further studies are required, particularly with regard to the effect of periodontal treatment in reducing risk. A number of biologically plausible mechanisms have been put forward to explain the association and there is accumulating evidence in support of them, although at this stage, insufficient to establish causality. Nevertheless, the relationship between poor oral health and systemic diseases has become a significant issue, such that adult oral health can no longer be ignored in overall health strategies. This review provides an update on current understanding of the contribution of poor oral health to systemic diseases, the possible mechanisms involved and the relevance of this for general dental practitioners. [source] | ||||||||||