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Subject Assessments (subject + assessment)
Selected AbstractsAn evaluation of topical 3% salicylic acid and 1% hydrocortisone in the maintenance of scalp pruritusJOURNAL OF COSMETIC DERMATOLOGY, Issue 3 2005Zoe Diana Draelos Summary Background, Scalp pruritus is a common condition causing dermatologic distress. The presence of skin scale on clothing is cosmetically undesirable and scalp scratching in public is socially embarrassing. Scratching can also result in removal of the cuticle and premature hair shaft fracture. Objective, To demonstrate the efficacy of 3% salicylic acid in combination with 1% hydrocortisone in the treatment of scalp pruritus. Methods, Sixty subjects with moderate scalp scaling and scalp pruritus were enrolled in a three-arm double blind 2-week study. The 20 subjects in arm 1 applied a topical 1% hydrocortisone product twice daily. The 20 subjects in arm 2 applied a topical 3% salicylic acid product twice daily. Lastly, the 20 subjects in arm 3 applied a topical 3% salicylic acid product in the morning and a topical 1% hydrocortisone product in the evening. Evaluations were performed at baseline, after 1 week of treatment, and after 2 weeks of treatment. The study investigator evaluated the subjects for scalp scale, erythema, excoriation, and overall assessment. In addition, scalp scale scrapings were collected and analyzed to gain further insight into scalp scale morphology. Subject assessments and scalp photography was also performed. Results, The investigator assessments revealed less excoriation in the hydrocortisone twice daily arm over the salicylic acid twice daily arm (P = 0.03), which might be expected because of its anti-inflammatory effect. The morning salicylic acid application and evening hydrocortisone application arm performed better than the salicylic acid twice daily group at week 2 in terms of erythema (P = 0.02), excoriation (P = 0.03), and overall assessment (P = 0.01). Scalp scale scrapings revealed the least amount of retained skin scale in the combination salicylic acid/hydrocortisone group. Conclusion, The combination of a 3% salicylic acid keratolytic combined with a 1% hydrocortisone anti-inflammatory provides the best relief of scalp pruritus. [source] Novel Approach to the Treatment of Hyperpigmented Photodamaged Skin: 4% Hydroquinone/0.3% Retinol versus Tretinoin 0.05% Emollient CreamDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 2005Zoe Diana Draelos MD Background. Mild to moderately photodamaged skin is characterized by dyspigmentation, fine wrinkles, and tactile roughness. An optimal approach to the topical treatment of photoaging would simultaneously address all appearance issues. Objective. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of 4% hydroquinone and 0.3% retinol in photoaging. Materials and Methods. A 16-week study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of a single cream containing prescription topical 4% hydroquinone for dyspigmentation and the cosmeceutical 0.3% retinol for fine wrinkles in an emollient vehicle for tactile roughness. This novel formulation was compared with 0.05% tretinoin emollient cream, the standard against which all other topical photoaging treatments are compared. Investigator assessments, subject assessments, and photography represented the evaluation end points. Results. The cosmeceutical emollient 4% hydroquinone/0.3% retinol cream more effectively diminished the collective signs of photodamage than 0.05% tretinoin emollient cream in terms of dyspigmentation, fine wrinkles, and tactile roughness in 16 weeks. Conclusion. Combination therapy of hydroquinone and retinol may improve photoaging-associated hyperpigmentation. THIS STUDY WAS CONDUCTED AS PART OF A RESEARCH GRANT FROM MEDICIS THE DERMATOLOGY COMPANY, PHOENIX, ARIZONA. DR. DRAELOS HAS NO FINANCIAL INTEREST IN ANY OF THE MEDICATIONS DISCUSSED IN THIS RESEARCH. [source] Disciplinary history, adult disciplinary attitudes, and risk for abusive parentingJOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 3 2001Mary E. Bower-Russa In an attempt to identify factors that could contribute to intergenerational physical abuse, the specific childhood disciplinary experiences of adolescents and young adults were assessed, and these childhood experiences were related to the subjects' assessment as to whether specific disciplinary tactics were abusive or appropriate in child rearing. Consistent with previous research, few maltreated persons viewed their own experiences as abusive. Moreover, personal experience with a disciplinary event was associated with a decreased tendency to view that particular form of discipline as inappropriate. Finally, a history of severe physical punishment, failure to acknowledge an abusive history when it had occurred, and adult attitudes regarding physical discipline were associated with selecting more punitive disciplinary strategies when individuals were faced with child misbehavior in an analog parenting task. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. [source] Clinical evidence of benefits of a dietary supplement containing probiotic and carotenoids on ultraviolet-induced skin damageBRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 3 2010D. Bouilly-Gauthier Summary Background,Lactobacillus johnsonii (La1) has been reported to protect skin immune system homeostasis following ultraviolet (UV) exposure. Objectives, To assess the effects of a dietary supplement (DS) combining La1 and nutritional doses of carotenoids on early UV-induced skin damage. Methods, Three clinical trials (CT1, CT2, CT3) were performed using different UV sources: nonextreme UV with a high UVA irradiance (UV-DL, CT1), extreme simulated solar radiation (UV-SSR, CT2) and natural sunlight (CT3). All three clinical trials were carried out in healthy women over 18 years of age with skin type II,IV. In CT1, early markers of UV-induced skin damage were assessed using histology and immunohistochemistry. In CT2, the minimal erythemal dose (MED) was determined by clinical evaluation and by chromametry. Chromametry was also used to evaluate skin colour. Dermatologists' and subjects' assessments were compiled in CT3. Results, A 10-week DS intake prevented the UV-DL-induced decrease in Langerhans cell density and the increase in factor XIIIa+ type I dermal dendrocytes while it reduced dermal inflammatory cells. Clinical and instrumental MED rose by 20% and 19%, respectively, and skin colour was intensified, as shown by the increase in the ,E* parameter. The efficacy of DS was confirmed by dermatologists and subjects under real conditions of use. Conclusions, Nutritional supplementation combining a specific probiotic (La1) and nutritional doses of carotenoids reduced early UV-induced skin damage caused by simulated or natural sun exposure in a large panel of subjects (n = 139). This latter result might suggest that DS intake could have a beneficial influence on the long-term effects of UV exposure and more specifically on skin photoageing. [source] | ||||||||||