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Suicidal Attempt (suicidal + attempt)
Selected AbstractsSuicidal attempts and aggressive behaviours after temporal lobectomy in epilepsyEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 3 2007T. Hillemacher No abstract is available for this article. [source] CADASIL: underdiagnosed in psychiatric patients?ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 5 2005T. Leyhe Objective:, Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is exclusively related to symptoms of the central nervous system. Retrospectively in up to 15% the initial presentation is psychiatric disturbances. In these cases the diagnosis often is delayed or missed. Method:, Two cases of CADASIL diagnosed in a psychiatric hospital are presented. Results:, Both patients were admitted to the gerontopsychiatric department (one because of a suicidal attempt and a depressive episode, the other because of cognitive decline and progressive personal neglect). Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed severe leukoencephalopathy in the absence of cardiovascular risk factors. In both cases, diagnosis of CADASIL was made by the identification of specific granular osmiophilic material in skin biopsies. Conclusion:, Brain MRI should be performed in all cases of late onset of severe psychiatric symptoms. CADASIL should be considered as a possible differential diagnosis whenever a marked leukoencephalopathy is detectable. Diagnosis can be verified by taking a skin biopsy or by specific genetic testing. [source] Long-term safety and efficacy of long-acting risperidone in elderly psychotic patientsHUMAN PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY: CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL, Issue 8 2007Werner Kissling Abstract This subgroup analysis of the 6-month, open-label Switch to Risperidone Microspheres (StoRMi) trial evaluated long-term safety and efficacy of a direct conversion to risperidone long-acting injectable (RLAI) in 52 elderly patients (,65 years) with psychosis stabilized on oral or depot antipsychotic. Study outcomes included adverse events, movement disorder severity, psychiatric symptoms, functional ability, quality of life and patient satisfaction. Change in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale at endpoint was the primary efficacy measure. The most common dosage of RLAI used at endpoint was 25,mg every 14 days (60%). The trial was completed by 81% of patients, with six patients discontinuing treatment due to an adverse event. Tolerability was good and most side effects were mild to moderate. Serious adverse events occurred in 11 patients. Two of these (suicidal attempt, n,=,1; exacerbation of disease, n,=,1) were considered possibly related to RLAI. Conversion to RLAI resulted in significant improvements in movement disorder severity, psychiatric symptoms, functional status and patient satisfaction. Mean PANSS total decreased by 15.8 at endpoint, with 23 patients (46.9%) experiencing a ,20% improvement. This post-hoc analysis supports that RLAI is well tolerated and safe in elderly patients with psychotic illnesses switched from stable antipsychotic regimens, and suggests possible efficacy, although inferences are limited. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Prevalence and Patterns of Alcohol Consumption and Health-Risk Behaviors Among High School Students in ThailandALCOHOLISM, Issue 12 2009Sawitri Assanangkornchai Background:, Underage drinking is a significant social and public health problem in Thailand. We report the prevalence and patterns of alcohol consumption and associated health-risk behaviors using data from a 2007,2008 national school survey. Method: A cross-sectional survey using a self-administered questionnaire was conducted among 50,033 high school and vocational college students from 201 schools in 40 provinces between December 2007 and February 2008. Results: The prevalence rates of past-year drinking, past-30-day binge drinking, and drinking until intoxication were 25.5, 9.5, and 17.3% in boys and 14.5, 3.7, and 7.2% in girls, respectively. Higher school levels, lower grades, living with someone other than their own parents, and having family members with substance or alcohol problems were significantly associated with all kinds of drinking. Binge drinkers were significantly more likely to have drinking consequences, e.g., driving after drinking, nausea and vomiting, and having a hangover than were nonbinge drinkers. The rates of other behavior and emotional problems were 2.5 to 6.7 times as likely in drinkers as nondrinkers, including smoking (35.1% vs. 4.9%), prescription drug misuse (17.7% vs. 6.7%), illicit substance use (17.8% vs. 2.4%), carrying a weapon (6.5% vs. 1.8%), feeling depressed (23.2% vs. 10.9%), suicidal attempt (10.5% vs. 3.8%), and sexual intercourse (30.5% vs. 5.7%). Conclusion: Alcohol consumption is a serious problem among adolescents in Thailand and is strongly associated with various health-risk behaviors. Effective age- and gender-specific interventions should be implemented to discourage underage drinking and associated adverse health and social consequences. [source] Methotrexate in psoriasis: 26 years' experience with low-dose long-term treatmentJOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY & VENEREOLOGY, Issue 5 2000U-F. Haustein Abstract Objective,To evaluate the efficacy, safety and side-effects of methotrexate (MTX) in psoriasis. Design,A 26-year retrospective study. Setting,Department of Dermatology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany. Patients,One hundred and fifty-seven patients with extensive plaque psoriasis, erythrodermic, pustular and arthropathic forms, were treated with low-dose methotrexate (15,20 mg maximum weekly dosage [Weinstein schedule]), the majority for long-term periods. The mean cumulative dose was 3394 mg, the mean duration 237 weeks. Results,The effect of MTX treatment was good in 76%, moderate in 18% and poor in 6% of subjects; 61% experienced side-effects, most frequently due to liver function abnormalities, bone marrow suppression, nausea, gastric complaints and hair loss. In 20% of cases the subjects were forced to discontinue therapy; 9% refused therapy due to physical and psychological discomfort, 2% wanted to become pregnant, 16% were lost to follow-up, 6% died from multimorbidity and old age. Three subjects (2%) developed cancer of the lung, breast or cervix uteri, possibly in relation to long-term MTX treatment. Altogether there were no deaths or life-threatening side-effects attributable to MTX treatment, and no cases of progressive liver cirrhosis apart from two extensive skin necroses due to overdosage (misunderstanding, suicidal attempt) that were treated successfully with citrovorum factor. Conclusion,Low-dose MTX (<15,20 mg/week) is an effective therapy for extensive and severe forms of psoriasis if patients are selected carefully and monitored regularly, particularly with respect to liver and bone marrow toxicity. This helps to reduce severe side-effects even during long-term treatment. Drug interactions must be avoided. MTX therapy according to the guidelines is relatively safe and still has a place in the systemic treatment of psoriasis with 40 years of experience and an acceptable safety record. [source] Clinical correlates of clozapine prescription for schizophrenia in ChinaHUMAN PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY: CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL, Issue 1 2007Yu-tao Xiang Abstract Aims Few studies have investigated the prescription patterns of clozapine in outpatients with schizophrenia in China. It is an important issue due to clozapine's high efficacy and potentially fatal side effect profile. This study examined the use of clozapine and its correlates in China. Methods Three hundred ninety-eight clinically stable outpatients with schizophrenia were randomly selected and interviewed in Hong Kong (HK) and Beijing (BJ). Assessment instruments included the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Simpson and Angus Scale of Extrapyramidal Symptoms, Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale and the Hong Kong and Mainland China World Health Organization Quality of Life Schedule-Brief version. Assessments were performed by the same investigator in both sites. Results Clozapine was prescribed to 15.6% of (n,=,62) patients. There was a wide inter-site variation between HK and BJ. Use of clozapine was associated with age, age at onset, extrapyramidal side effects (EPS), having health insurance, use of depot and typical antipsychotic and anticholinergic drugs and benzodiazepines as well as history of suicidal attempts. On multiple logistic regression analysis, the number of hospitalizations, site (HK vs. BJ), use of typical antipsychotics, polypharmacy and co-prescription with anticholinergics were significantly associated with the prescription of clozapine. No significant differences were found between the clozapine and non-clozapine groups with regard to any of the quality of life domains. Conclusion A combination of economical and clinical factors, health policies and the characteristics of the treatment settings plays important roles in determining clozapine use. Clozapine appears to have little significant influence on quality of life in clinical stable Chinese patients with schizophrenia. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] High suicidal ideation in persons testing for Huntington's diseaseACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 3 2000T-B. Robins Wahlin This study examined the first participants who registered for the Huntington's disease predictive testing program 1990,1995 in Stockholm, Sweden. A psychosocial investigation was performed to evaluate potential effects of the presymptomatic testing. The results showed no significant differences between 13 genecarriers and 21 noncarriers in pretest attitudes, expectations, general well-being, life satisfaction and lifestyle, the need for support, estimated sense of well-being or degree of health. However, both groups showed high suicidal ideation and self-injurious behavior. Noncarriers had a very high frequency of attempted suicide, and both groups had similarly pronounced psychiatric dysfunction. Their relatives also had high frequencies of psychiatric diseases, suicide or suicidal attempts. Most of the participants had a desire to meet a psychologist or a social worker. The need for counseling, using a well designed protocol, and the importance of focusing on suicide risk of participants in predictive testing programs is emphasized. [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||