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Stem Cell Transplant Recipients (stem + cell_transplant_recipient)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences90%
Distribution within Medical Sciences
Hematology40%
Transplantation30%

Kinds of Stem Cell Transplant Recipients

  • allogeneic stem cell transplant recipient
    		•

    Selected Abstracts

    Successful Immunotherapy of HCMV Disease Using Virus-Specific T Cells Expanded from an Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant Recipient

    AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 1 2010
    G. R. Hill
    Opportunistic infection remains the principal cause of mortality in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients with active extensive chronic graft-versus-host disease. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) represents an important cause of disease in this setting and the toxicity of protracted and recurrent antiviral treatment together with eventual drug resistance represents a significant limitation to therapy. Although the expansion and adoptive transfer of HCMV-specific T cells from the healthy original donor can be an effective strategy to control viral replication, this is not possible when donors are seronegative or are subsequently inaccessible. Here we demonstrate for the first time, the successful expansion of HCMV-specific T cells from a seropositive transplant recipient of a seronegative graft with active HCMV disease and the long-term reconstitution of protective antiviral immunity following their adoptive transfer back into the patient. [source]

    Keratinocyte Dysplasia in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients in the Day 28 to 84 Post Transplant Period.

    JOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS PATHOLOGY, Issue 1 2005
    Ning Li MD
    Severe keratinocyte dysplasia (SKD) has been reported in the early post-transplant period of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCST) patients, with a frequency as high as 47.4%. In the period less than 3 weeks post-transplant it was associated with cyclophosphamide conditioning. The purpose of our study was to determine the prevalence of SKD in a later post-transplant period, from 28 days to 84 days, and study the possible causes. The 2003 slide file (227 slides) of Seattle Cancer Care Alliance was examined for skin biopsies from patients who had undergone HCST. Twenty-two cases (9.7%) showed SKD. A control group of 22 biopsies matched for days post-transplant and age were selected from the remaining 205 biopsies. SKD was associated with a busulfan conditioning regimen, 72.7% in the SKD group and 36.3% in the control group (p = 0.016). SKD was not associated with cyclophosphamide (p = 0.174), fludarabin (p = 0.263) or total body irradiation (p = 0.50). Although active GVHD (grade 2 or 3) was more commonly seen in SKD group (45.5%) than the control group (22.2%), it did not show significant difference (p = 0.052). Our study showed that SKD developed in 9.7% of the skin biopsies from days 28 to 84 post-transplant, and was associated with busulfan conditioning regimen. [source]

    Effect of oral itraconazole on the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in a hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient with CYP3A5*3/*3

    AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY, Issue 8 2010
    Miho Nara
    No abstract is available for this article. [source]

    Disseminated Scopulariopsis brevicaulis infection in an allogeneic stem cell recipient: case report and review of the literature

    CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION, Issue 5 2010
    A. Salmon
    Clin Microbiol Infect 2010; 16: 508,512 Abstract A fatal case of disseminated Scopulariopsis brevicaulis infection in an allogeneic stem cell transplant recipient is described. The patient was initially thought to have pulmonary aspergillosis, on the basis of clinical signs and antigenaemia, but Aspergillus was not isolated by culture. Scopulariopsis brevicaulis was subsequently isolated from skin and then from sputum and stool. Further investigation revealed that the infection had spread from a primary pulmonary site to the skin. A review of the literature underscores the difficulty of diagnosing infections caused by such emerging fungal pathogens and the poor outcome of immunocompromised patients with non- Aspergillus mould infections. [source]

    Kinetics of cytomegalovirus (CMV) pp65 and IE-1-specific IFN, CD8+ and CD4+ T cells during episodes of viral DNAemia in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients: Potential implications for the management of active CMV infection

    JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY, Issue 7 2010
    Nuria Tormo
    Abstract The dynamics of CMV pp65 and IE-1-specific IFN,-producing CD8+ (IFN, CD8+) and CD4+ (IFN, CD4+) T cells and CMV DNAemia were assessed in 19 pre-emptively treated episodes of active CMV infection. Peripheral counts of IFN, CD8+ and IFN, CD4+ T cells inversely correlated with CMV DNAemia levels (P,=,<0.001 and P,=,0.003, respectively). A threshold value of 1.3,cells/µl predicting CMV DNAemia clearance was established for IFN, CD8+ T cells (PPV, 100%; NPV, 93%) and for IFN, CD4+ T cells (PPV, 100%; NPV, 75%). Undetectable T-cell responses were usually observed at the time of initiation of pre-emptive therapy. Either a rapid (within 7 days) or a delayed (median 31 days) expansion of both T-cell populations concomitant with CMV DNAemia clearance was observed in 5 and 8 episodes, respectively. An inconsistent or a lack of expansion of both T-cell subsets was related to a persistent CMV DNAemia. Robust and maintained CMV-specific T-cell responses after CMV DNAemia clearance and cessation of antiviral therapy were associated with a null incidence of relapsing infections at least during the following month. Data obtained in the present study may be helpful in the design of therapeutic strategies for the management of active CMV infections in the allo-SCT recipient. J. Med. Virol. 82: 1208,1215, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

    Pulmonary complications following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Diagnostic approaches

    AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY, Issue 2 2005
    Kasem Sirithanakul
    Abstract Pulmonary complications are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Pulmonary infiltrates in such patients pose a major challenge for clinicians because of the wide differential diagnosis of infectious and noninfectious conditions. It is rare for the diagnosis to be made by chest radiograph, and commonly these patients will need further invasive and noninvasive studies to confirm the etiology of the pulmonary infiltrates. This review describes the role of the different diagnostic tools available to reach a diagnosis in a timely manner in this patient population. Am. J. Hematol. 80:137,146, 2005. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

    Successful Immunotherapy of HCMV Disease Using Virus-Specific T Cells Expanded from an Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant Recipient

    AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 1 2010
    G. R. Hill
    Opportunistic infection remains the principal cause of mortality in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients with active extensive chronic graft-versus-host disease. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) represents an important cause of disease in this setting and the toxicity of protracted and recurrent antiviral treatment together with eventual drug resistance represents a significant limitation to therapy. Although the expansion and adoptive transfer of HCMV-specific T cells from the healthy original donor can be an effective strategy to control viral replication, this is not possible when donors are seronegative or are subsequently inaccessible. Here we demonstrate for the first time, the successful expansion of HCMV-specific T cells from a seropositive transplant recipient of a seronegative graft with active HCMV disease and the long-term reconstitution of protective antiviral immunity following their adoptive transfer back into the patient. [source]

    A prospective study of diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infection after bone marrow transplantation,

    APMIS, Issue 5 2008
    BENJAMIN EDVINSSON
    Active infection with Toxoplasma gondii in immunocompromised transplant recipients can lead to toxoplasmosis, which may have a rapid disease course and in some cases be fatal. It is of paramount importance to diagnose toxoplasmosis at an early stage, and to initiate specific treatment to improve the outcome. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is today the primary diagnostic tool to diagnose toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients. Timely diagnosis may, however, be difficult if toxoplasmosis is at first asymptomatic. To investigate the magnitude of toxoplasmosis after bone marrow transplantation (BMT), we conducted a screening study by PCR where 21 autologous and 12 allogeneic BMT recipients were included. Peripheral blood samples were taken one week prior to BMT; thereafter, blood samples were drawn weekly for the first 6 months, and monthly up to one year after BMT. The samples were analyzed by conventional PCR and real-time PCR. T. gondii DNA was detected in peripheral blood from one patient 5 days post allogeneic BMT. There were no clinical signs of toxoplasmosis. Medical records were reviewed and showed a previously undiagnosed eye infection in another allogeneic BMT recipient. These two patients were seropositive for T. gondii. We concluded that monitoring for T. gondii DNA in peripheral blood samples using PCR might be a valuable method for identifying toxoplasma-seropositive stem cell transplant recipients. [source]

    Treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infection in haemopoietic stem cell transplant recipients with aerosolized ribavirin and the humanized monoclonal antibody palivizumab: a single centre experience

    BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, Issue 5 2009
    Dimitris A. Tsitsikas
    No abstract is available for this article. [source]

    A UGT2B17-positive donor is a risk factor for higher transplant-related mortality and lower survival after bone marrow transplantation

    BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, Issue 2 2005
    Seitaro Terakura
    Summary We recently identified a human minor histocompatibility (H) antigen, encoded by UDP glycosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B17 (UGT2B17), whose immunogenicity results from differential expression in donor and recipient cells as a consequence of a homozygous deletion of the UGT2B17 gene. UGT2B17 is highly expressed in the liver and colon, which are major targets for graft- versus -host disease (GVHD). To assess the significance of homozygous UGT2B17 gene deletion in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), we analysed DNA from 435 stem cell transplant recipients with a haematological malignancy and their human leucocyte antigen-identical unrelated bone marrow donors using sequence-specific primer polymerase chain reaction. Homozygous deletion of the UGT2B17 gene was observed in 85% of normal donors and in 82% of patients. The analysis showed no significant association between UGT2B17 mismatch in the GVHD direction and the incidence of acute GVHD, chronic GVHD, relapse, or survival. However, the use of a UGT2B17-positive donor was an independent risk factor for higher transplant-related mortality and lower survival after transplantation. UGT2B17 is a metabolic enzyme for hormones, drugs, and potentially toxic exogenous compounds and is expressed in subsets of haematopoietic cells. Thus, the enzyme function of UGT2B17 in donor cells may affect the outcome of allogeneic HSCT. [source]

    Impact of rituximab-associated B-cell defects on West Nile virus meningoencephalitis in solid organ transplant recipients

    CLINICAL TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 2 2010
    Marilyn E. Levi
    Levi ME, Quan D, Ho JT, Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, Tyler KL, Grazia TJ. Impact of rituximab-associated B-cell defects on West Nile virus meningoencephalitis in solid organ transplant recipients. Clin Transplant 2009 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0012.2009.01044.x © 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Abstract:, Evidence suggests that West Nile virus (WNV) neuroinvasive disease occurs more frequently in both solid organ and human stem cell transplant recipients. The effect of concomitant anti-B-cell therapy with rituximab, a CD20+ monoclonal antibody, on WNV infection in this population, however, has not been reported. We describe a case of a patient with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency who underwent single lung transplantation in 2005 and was maintained on tacrolimus, cytoxan and prednisone. More recently, she had received two courses of rituximab for recurrent A2,A3 grade rejection with concomitant capillaritis and presented six months later with rapid, fulminant WNV meningoencephalitis. Her diagnosis was made by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) PCR but serum and CSF WNV IgM and IgG remained negative. She received WNV-specific hyperimmune globulin (Omr-Ig-Am®) through a compassionate protocol. She experienced a rapidly progressive and devastating neurological course despite treatment and died three wk after onset of her symptoms. Autopsy revealed extensive meningoencephalomyelitis. [source]