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Standardized Instruments (standardized + instruments)
Selected AbstractsEffects of clinical factors on psychosocial variables in renal transplant recipientsJOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING, Issue 12 2009Hongxia Liu Abstract Title.,Effects of clinical factors on psychosocial variables in renal transplant recipients. Aim., This paper is a report of a study investigating the effects of clinical factors (side effects of immunosuppressive medications, transplant-related hospitalizations, donor type, duration of dialysis before transplantation and time post-transplant) on cognitive appraisal of health, perceived self-efficacy, perceived social support, coping and health-related quality of life after renal transplantation. Background., Some clinical factors such as hospitalizations, side effects of medications, donor type and dialysis, which influence the health-related quality of life of renal transplant recipients, have been investigated. However, the effects of these clinical factors on psychosocial variables after renal transplantation have not been well documented. Method., Using a descriptive cross-sectional design, a convenience sample of 160 renal transplant recipients was recruited (N = 55 < 1 year post-transplant; N = 105 1,3 years post-transplant) from May, 2005 to January, 2006. Standardized instruments were used to measure the key constructs. Multivariate analysis of variance was used to examine the effects of clinical factors on the psychosocial outcome measures. Results., Participants reporting more (>17) immunosuppressive medication-associated side effects appraised their health more negatively, used more disengagement coping, had lower degrees of perceived self-efficacy, and reported lower physical and mental health-related quality of life than those with fewer symptoms (,17). Participants less than 1 year post-transplant used more engagement coping, reported higher degrees of perceived self-efficacy and perceived social support than participants in the later period post-transplant. Conclusion., Interventions aimed at alleviating bothersome medication side effects are needed to help these patients cope with transplantation and improve their health-related quality of life. [source] Burnout and job satisfaction comparing healthcare staff of a dermatological hospital and a general hospitalJOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY & VENEREOLOGY, Issue 2 2005C Renzi Abstract Background Psychological distress among healthcare professionals can have negative effects on the well-being of the professionals and also on the quality of care they provide to patients. Objectives To evaluate burnout and job satisfaction of dermatologists and nurses working with dermatological patients compared with physicians and nurses of other specialties. Methods, A self-completed anonymous questionnaire was distributed to the personnel of two hospitals in Rome, Italy: a dermatological hospital (IDI) and a general hospital (GH), belonging to the same non-profit organization. Standardized instruments were used to assess burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory) and job satisfaction. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the association between burnout and working in dermatology vs. other specialties, job satisfaction, years of employment and respondents' sex and age. Results We distributed 929 questionnaires to clinical and non-clinical staff of IDI and 494 questionnaires to the GH staff (response rates: 53% at IDI and 50% at the GH). Among respondents there were 67 physicians and 59 nurses at IDI and 70 physicians and 148 nurses at the GH. Subsequent analyses refer only to this clinical subsample. Factor analysis showed that among physicians and nurses the two main factors explaining job satisfaction were respondents',satisfaction with the management of their unit' and ,opportunities for personal growth'. Among nurses the likelihood of burnout decreased significantly with higher levels of job satisfaction [odds ratio (OR) = 0.78; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.7,0.9] and working in dermatology compared with other specialties (OR = 0.46; 95% CI 0.2,0.9). Among physicians a lower likelihood of burnout was associated with job satisfaction (OR = 0.66; 95% CI 0.5,0.8) and older age (OR = 0.28; 95% CI 0.1,0.8). Conclusions Among both physicians and nurses, job satisfaction was associated with a lower likelihood of burnout, independently of clinical specialty and other factors. Burnout was similar for dermatologists and other specialists. Nurses of the GH compared with those working in dermatology had a higher probability of burnout and were significantly less satisfied with the management of their units and with opportunities for personal growth. [source] Using the SWAP-200 in a personality-disordered forensic population: is it valid, reliable and useful?CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR AND MENTAL HEALTH, Issue 1 2005Luisa E. Marin-Avellan Background Treatment and risk management of forensic patients relies heavily on diagnosing psychopathology, yet the reliability of clinical diagnoses of personality disorder has been found to be only fair to low. Structured instruments for the global assessment of personality disorder are infrequently used in clinical assessments possibly due to their limited validity and clinical utility. Aims/methods The Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure-200 (SWAP-200) was developed in an effort to address these limitations. Although good reliability and validity in relation to clinicians' diagnosis of personality disorder has been reported, to date the validity of this instrument has not been assessed in relation to other standardized instruments or in a personality-disordered, forensic population. This study aims to establish the reliability and validity of the SWAP-200 against other diagnostic instruments and measures of interpersonal functioning in a personality disordered forensic population. Results This paper reports the results of 30 subjects from a high secure hospital in the UK who were assessed with the SWAP-200, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorders (SCID-II), the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) and the Chart of Interpersonal Reactions in Closed Living Environments (CIRCLE). Preliminary results suggest that the SWAP-200 is a reliable instrument for the diagnosis of personality disorder in forensic patients. Conclusions Although the small sample size allows only preliminary conclusions about the validity of this instrument, early results show a reduction of the diagnosis of comorbidity compared with the SCID-II, together with an increased number of expected associations between independent measures of interpersonal functioning and categories of personality disorder. Copyright © 2005 Whurr Publishers Ltd. [source] Illicit substance use and its correlates in first episode psychosisACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 5 2010R. Mazzoncini Mazzoncini R, Donoghue K, Hart J, Morgan C, Doody GA, Dazzan P, Jones PB, Morgan K, Murray RM, Fearon P. Illicit substance use and its correlates in first episode psychosis. Objective:, To determine if substance use (particularly cannabis) is more frequent among first episode psychosis patients and associated with a more problematic clinical presentation. Method:, All first episode psychosis (FEP) patients presenting to secondary services were recruited from London and Nottingham, over 2 years, in the Aetiology and Ethnicity of Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses study broad framework. Clinical and sociodemographic variables were assessed using a set of standardized instruments. A schedule was created to retrospectively collate substance use data from patients, relatives and clinicians. Results:, Five hundred and eleven FEP were identified. They used three to five times more substances than general population. Substance use was associated with poorer social adjustment and a more acute mode of onset. Cannabis use did not affect social adjustment, but was associated with a more acute mode of onset. Conclusion:, Cannabis has a different impact on FEP than other substances. Large epidemiological studies are needed to disentangle cannabis effect. [source] Patient expectation and satisfaction with nursing care in Turkey: a literature reviewINTERNATIONAL NURSING REVIEW, Issue 3 2007S. A. Özsoy phd Background:, Patient satisfaction is used as an important indicator of care quality and is frequently included in healthcare planning and evaluation. This study presents a review of research on patient expectation and satisfaction with nursing care in Turkey. Aim:, To review the national literature on patient expectations and satisfaction with nursing care. Methods:, The researchers reviewed 3089 articles of which 27 were discussed in detail. Of these 3089 articles, 1812 were from all issues of 14 Turkish nursing journals which have been published in the last 50 years, and 1277 articles were from 24 nursing congress and symposium books. Results:, The results of this study are divided into two categories: expectations concerning ,nursing care', and ,satisfaction with nursing care'. The findings show that there exist conceptual and philosophic deficiencies in the approaches to patient satisfaction and that there is a need to use standardized instruments to study and assess patient satisfaction in the future. Conclusion:, Over the last 20 years, studies of patient expectation and satisfaction with nursing care have been gaining high importance, but it is also noticed that in a national and philosophical approach the studies are not based on clearly defined concepts. Moreover, it has been concluded that there is a need for valid and reliable tools in the evaluation of satisfaction. [source] Community Violence and Urban Families: Experiences, Effects, and Directions for InterventionAMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPSYCHIATRY, Issue 3 2005Karyn Horowitz MD The purpose of this study was to understand the impact of community-level stressors (particularly violence), coping strategies, and resources to prevent exposure to violence or to mitigate its effects in an inner-city community. Parents and children participated in focus groups, and children also completed standardized instruments. In the focus groups, parents and children identified several areas of concern related to "helpers," schools, community safety, and emotional distress. They identified protective resources including intensive monitoring and social supports. Fifty percent of the children met criteria for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), and another 21% met criteria for partial PTSD. The mental health issues in children living with ongoing community violence necessitate that researchers use a qualitative approach to inform future interventions. [source] Measurement of antepartum depressive symptoms during high-risk pregnancyRESEARCH IN NURSING & HEALTH, Issue 1 2005Judith A. Maloni Abstract This methodological study was designed to replicate three previous studies of depressive symptoms, compare assessment of antepartum depressive symptoms among high-risk pregnant women using three standardized instruments, and evaluate the psychometric properties of the instruments. The sample consisted of 89 high-risk pregnant women treated with bed rest, of whom 37 remained hospitalized at 4 weeks. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Multiple Affect Adjective Checklist Revised (MAACL-R) Dysphoria construct, the Profile of Mood States (POMS) Depression scale, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) across antepartum hospitalization. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and convergent validity were high. Depressive symptoms were high on admission as measured by all three instruments and significantly decreased across time when measured by the MAACL-R and POMS. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 28:16,26, 2005 [source] | ||||||||||