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Stable Gel (stable + gel)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	50%
Chemistry	50%

Selected Abstracts

Clinical efficacy comparison of anti-wrinkle cosmetics containing herbal flavonoids

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE, Issue 2 2010
P. Chuarienthong
Synopsis Herbal anti-wrinkle cosmetics were formulated from ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba), a mixture of tea and rooibos (Camellia sinensis and Aspalathus linearis) and soybean (Glycine soja). These extracts were incorporated into the preliminary developed stable gel base with good preference. The gingko formulation was found to be more stable than the formula containing a mixture of tea and rooibos and the soybean formula. Clinical efficacies of the ginkgo formula and the formula containing a mixture of tea and rooibos were compared following 28 days of application. The ginkgo preparation increased skin moisturization (27.88%) and smoothness (4.32%) and reduced roughness (0.4%) and wrinkles (4.63%), whereas the formula containing tea and rooibos showed the best efficacy on wrinkle reduction (9.9%). In comparison to the tea and rooibos formula, gingko significantly improved skin moisturization (P = 0.05). Résumé Comparaison de l'efficacité clinique de cosmétiques antiride contenant des flavonoïdes d'origine végétale Des cosmétiques antiride d'origine végétale ont été formulés à partir de ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba), d'un mélange de thé et de rooibos (Camélia sinensis et Aspalathus linearis) et de soja (Glycine soja). Ces extraits ont été incorporés dans une base de gel stable préalablement développée. La formulation de gingko s'est révélée plus stable que les formules contenant le mélange de thé et rooibos et le soja. Les efficacités cliniques de la formule ginkgo et de la formule contenant le mélange de thé et rooibos ont été comparées après 28 jours d'application. La préparation ginkgo a augmenté l'hydratation cutanée (27.88%) et la douceur de la peau (4.32%), la rugosité a été réduite (0.4%) ainsi que les rides (4.63%). La formule contenant le mélange thé et rooibos a montré la meilleure efficacité sur la réduction de ride (9.9%). En comparaison la formule ginkgo a augmenté de façon significative (P = 0.05) l'hydratation cutanée face à la formule contenant le mélange thé et rooibos. [source]

RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF CHEMICALLY MODIFIED RICE STARCH MODEL SOLUTIONS

JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESS ENGINEERING, Issue 2 2006
C.S. RAINA
ABSTRACT Native rice starches have poor resistance to shear, and fair stability to retrogradation with soft texture, which can be altered through chemical modifications. Starch from broken pieces of rice of three rice cultivars (PUSA-44, PR-106 and PR-114) was chemically modified by etherification and esterification reactions by different combinations of modification reagents to investigate the effect of modification on the rheological properties of rice starches. The modification resulted in shear stable gel with apparent pseudoplastic characteristics. The viscosity of starches increased upon acetylation and dual modification as a result of increase in solubility. However, cross-linking had shown the reverse effect. The flow behavior index (n) and consistency coefficient (k) were significantly (P , 0.05) improved upon modification in acetylated and dual-modified starches. The effect of modification on the rheological properties was observed in similar pattern in all the three rice cultivars but varied significantly in variety PUSA-44 may be because of its relatively higher amylose content. [source]

Performance of new gellan gum hydrogels combined with human articular chondrocytes for cartilage regeneration when subcutaneously implanted in nude mice

JOURNAL OF TISSUE ENGINEERING AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE, Issue 7 2009
J. T. Oliveira
Abstract Gellan gum is a polysaccharide that has been recently proposed by our group for cartilage tissue-engineering applications. It is commonly used in the food and pharmaceutical industry and has the ability to form stable gels without the use of harsh reagents. Gellan gum can function as a minimally invasive injectable system, gelling inside the body in situ under physiological conditions and efficiently adapting to the defect site. In this work, gellan gum hydrogels were combined with human articular chondrocytes (hACs) and were subcutaneously implanted in nude mice for 4 weeks. The implants were collected for histological (haematoxylin and eosin and Alcian blue staining), biochemical [dimethylmethylene blue (GAG) assay], molecular (real-time PCR analyses for collagen types I, II and X, aggrecan) and immunological analyses (immunolocalization of collagen types I and II). The results showed a homogeneous cell distribution and the typical round-shaped morphology of the chondrocytes within the matrix upon implantation. Proteoglycans synthesis was detected by Alcian blue staining and a statistically significant increase of proteoglycans content was measured with the GAG assay quantified from 1 to 4 weeks of implantation. Real-time PCR analyses showed a statistically significant upregulation of collagen type II and aggrecan levels in the same periods. The immunological assays suggest deposition of collagen type II along with some collagen type I. The overall data shows that gellan gum hydrogels adequately support the growth and ECM deposition of human articular chondrocytes when implanted subcutaneously in nude mice. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Self-Association of Bis-Dendritic Organogelators: The Effect of Dendritic Architecture on Multivalent Cooperative Interactions

CHEMISTRY - A EUROPEAN JOURNAL, Issue 8 2010
Myungeun Seo Dr.
Abstract A series of bis-dendritic gelators consisting of a benzamide dendron and an alkyl dendron were synthesized to investigate the dendritic effect on self-assembly. The gelators with a first-generation benzamide (benzamide- G1) dendron or a first-generation alkyl (alkyl- G1) dendron formed stable gels in most aromatic solvents, and their self-assembled fibrillar networks were imaged by electron microscopy. The unbranched molecule (G0 - G0) or the molecule possessing a second-generation benzamide (benzamide- G2) dendron did not form gels. Differential scanning calorimetry, powder X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform IR studies revealed that introduction of a dendritic branch strongly affected the molecular packing as well as the strength of intermolecular interactions. Furthermore, concentration-dependent diffusion coefficient measurements and the evaluation of association constants by 1H NMR spectroscopy indicated that bis-dendritic gelators with a benzamide- G1 dendron possessed high association constants and formed large aggregates, whereas molecules with a single benzamide formed dimers in chloroform. The formation of self-assembled fibrillar networks was driven by the multivalent and cooperative hydrogen bonding observed in the benzamide- G1 dendrons. ,,, stacking of aromatic groups and van der Waals interactions between alkyl chains also played roles in the self-assembly process, thus indicating that a spatial balance between two dendrons is important. [source]