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Stable Employment (stable + employment)
Selected AbstractsBeyond ,Gender Differences': A Canadian Study of Women's and Men's Careers in EngineeringGENDER, WORK & ORGANISATION, Issue 1 2003Gillian Ranson This article explores the relationship between gender and career paths for a group of women and men who graduated as engineers during a period of labour market turbulence in western Canada during the 1980s. Using a model adapted from Brown (1982), the article uses ,career path' as a device to organize data drawn primarily from telephone and face-to-face interviews with 317 graduates. Three career paths provide the focus for the study: the ,organizational', characterized by stable employment with one employer; the ,occupational', characterized by mobility between employers; and the entrepreneurial, characterized by self-employment. The use of the career path framework moves the study beyond global comparisons (of the dichotomized ,gender differences' kind) between ,the women' and ,the men'. As well as allowing for comparison between the paths, it allows more refined and contextualized comparisons within each path. Such comparisons produce patterns of similarity and difference that sometimes transcend gender. [source] Adolescent Transitions to Young Adulthood: Antecedents, Correlates, and Consequences of Adolescent EmploymentJOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE, Issue 3 2001Tama Leventhal The antecedents, correlates, and consequences of adolescent employment were investigated in a sample of 251 low-income, African American youth that were followed since birth. The youth (age: M at preschool = 4.89, SD= .70; M at adolescence = 16.44, SD= .66; M at transition to adulthood = 19.36, SD= .76; and M at early adulthood = 27.67, SD= .75) were the firstborn children of African American teenage mothers who gave birth in Baltimore in the 1960s. Analyses examined the antecedents and correlates of age of entry into employment and stability of employment during adolescence. The associations of adolescent work experiences with subsequent adult education and employment outcomes also were considered. Findings indicate that among this sample of low-income, African American youth, those who repeated a grade in school during middle childhood were more likely to enter the workforce at later ages than their peers who did not repeat a grade. The small subset of adolescents who never worked (n= 12) appear to be markedly more disadvantaged than their peers who worked. At the transition to adulthood, adolescents who entered the workforce earlier were more likely to complete high school than their peers. In addition, stable employment during the adolescent years had more beneficial effects on young men's chances of attending college than young women's postsecondary education. This pattern of findings is consistent with ethnographic accounts of adolescent employment among poor, minority, urban youth. [source] The European NEAT Program: An Integrated Approach Using Acamprosate and Psychosocial Support for the Prevention of Relapse in Alcohol-Dependent Patients With a Statistical Modeling of Therapy Success PredictionALCOHOLISM, Issue 10 2002Isidore Pelc Background A multicenter, prospective study was conducted in five European countries to observe outcome in alcohol misusers treated for 24 weeks with acamprosate and various psychosocial support techniques, within the setting of standard patient care. Methods Patients diagnosed as alcohol dependent using DSM-III-R criteria were treated, for 24 weeks, with acamprosate and appropriate psychosocial support. Potential predictor variables were recorded at inclusion. Drinking behavior was monitored throughout; the proportion of cumulative abstinence days was the principal outcome measure. The influence of baseline clinical and demographic variables on outcome was assessed using multiple regression analysis. Adverse events were recorded systematically. Results A total of 1289 patients were recruited; 1230 took at least one dose of the drug and provided at least one set of follow-up data; 543 (42.1%)patients were observed for the full 24-week period. The overall proportion of cumulative abstinence days was 0.48. Multiple physical and psychiatric comorbidities and a history of drug addiction were negatively correlated with outcome, as were, to a lesser extent, multiple previous episodes of detoxification, unemployment, and living alone. Older age and stable employment were positively associated with outcome. The difference in the unadjusted proportion of cumulative abstinence days between countries was significant (p < 0.001) but less so when adjusted for the predictive factors identified in the multivariate model (p < 0.019). Overall, outcome was not influenced by the nature of the psychosocial support provided. Adverse events were generally mild, with gastrointestinal disorders, which occurred in 21.5% of patients, being the most frequent. Conclusions This open-label study confirms the efficacy and safety of acamprosate in the treatment of alcohol dependence in the setting of standard patient care. Treatment benefit was observed irrespective of the nature of the psychosocial support provided. Predictors of the response to treatment were identified; their heterogeneous distribution within the study population explained, at least in part, the differences in outcome between countries. [source] Self-provision in retirement: Quantitative evidence on older Australians' expectations and experiencesAUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL ON AGEING, Issue 1 2009Rachel Ong Objectives:,To explore factors that correlate with expectations and experiences of self-provision in retirement. Methods:,A regression modelling approach is adopted using a national survey that contains data on the retirement expectations and experiences of older Australians. Results:,Older Australians approaching retirement are more likely to expect to be self-funded in retirement if they possess high qualification levels, stable employment and have healthy levels of wealth holdings. Divorced or separated older women are more likely to expect to be welfare-reliant than other groups. The presence of children, disabilities and residence outside major cities do not affect prospective retirees' expectations of being primarily self-funded in retirement, but they do impact negatively on actual self-provision in retirement. Forced retirement will significantly decrease the probability of self-provision in retirement. Conclusions:,Policy reforms that focus on increasing employment opportunities for women after child-bearing and promoting retirement choice will reduce welfare reliance among older Australians. [source] Independence and self-provision in old age: how realistic are these goals?AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL ON AGEING, Issue 3 2004Rob Ranzijn Objectives:,The aim of the present paper was to examine the relationship between perceived choices in work and retirement in middle age and financial security and confidence about the future in old age. Methods:,A qualitative study of 30 middle-aged adults in Adelaide and Whyalla in South Australia, either presently employed, unemployed or retired, were interviewed about their work histories, the factors in their work changes, their perceived options concerning future work and retirement, and their anticipated financial security and sources of income in retirement. Results:,In general, participants with a history of continuous stable employment believed they were in a good financial situation and were confident about their future, but many of the participants had a history of precarious employment, no financial security, and expected to rely primarily on government support in their old age. Conclusion:,A substantial proportion of older adults may not be able to provide for themselves in later life without public policies which are more interventionist. [source] | ||||||||||