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Stabilization Phase (stabilization + phase)
Selected AbstractsIntermittent dosing of fluticasone propionate cream for reducing the risk of relapse in atopic dermatitis patientsBRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 3 2002J. Hanifin Summary Background One of the most troublesome features of atopic dermatitis (AD) is its chronic relapsing nature, and there is a lack of published evidence on the best treatment strategy for long-term management of the disease. Objectives To compare an intermittent dosing regimen of fluticasone propionate (FP) cream 0·05% (twice per week) with its vehicle base in reducing the risk of relapse when added to regular daily emollient in adult and paediatric subjects with stabilized AD. Methods Subjects (aged 3 months to 65 years) with moderate or severe AD were enrolled into an open-label Stabilization Phase of up to 4 weeks on daily emollients plus FP twice daily. Those subjects who achieved ,treatment success' (Global Assessment Score ,,2, erythema, pruritus, and papulation/induration/oedema scores ,,1) entered the double-blind Maintenance Phase. They continued with regular emollients and were randomized at a 2 : 1 ratio to either intermittent FP or vehicle, once daily 4 days per week for 4 weeks followed by once daily 2 days per week for 16 weeks. Subjects who relapsed on intermittent FP were discontinued from the study. Those who did not relapse continued for an additional 24 weeks on intermittent dosing for safety monitoring. Results A total of 372 (247 paediatric, 125 adult) subjects were enrolled into the Stabilization Phase. Of these, 348 (231 children, 117 adults) were randomized into the Maintenance Phase. Analysis of the primary efficacy parameter showed that subjects receiving intermittent FP cream (twice per week), in addition to regular daily emollients in the Maintenance Phase, were 7·7 times less likely to have an AD relapse than subjects receiving intermittent vehicle cream/emollients [Mantel,Haenszel (MH) estimate of the odds ratio, 95% confidence interval (CI) 4·6, 12·8; P < 0·001]. Paediatric subjects were 8·1 times less likely to have an AD relapse (95% CI 4·3, 15·2; P < 0·001) and adult subjects were 7·0 times less likely to have an AD relapse (95% CI 3·0, 16·7; P < 0·001). For subjects receiving intermittent FP cream/emollient, the median time to relapse could not be estimated as the majority remained controlled at 20 weeks. For those receiving intermittent vehicle/emollient, the median time to relapse was 4·7 weeks. For paediatric and adult groups, this was 5·1 and 4·1 weeks, respectively. Median exposure to FP for all subjects was 337 days. There was only one study drug-related adverse event (acne) and there were no reports of skin thinning or atrophy associated with the use of FP cream in paediatric or adult subjects. Conclusions In paediatric and adult subjects, once stabilized with regular FP treatment, the risk of relapse of AD can be significantly reduced by extended intermittent dosing with FP cream in addition to regular emollient therapy. [source] Buprenorphine tapering schedule and illicit opioid useADDICTION, Issue 2 2009Walter Ling ABSTRACT Aims To compare the effects of a short or long taper schedule after buprenorphine stabilization on participant outcomes as measured by opioid-free urine tests at the end of each taper period. Design This multi-site study sponsored by Clinical Trials Network (CTN, a branch of the US National Institute on Drug Abuse) was conducted from 2003 to 2005 to compare two taper conditions (7 days and 28 days). Data were collected at weekly clinic visits to the end of the taper periods, and at 1-month and 3-month post-taper follow-up visits. Setting Eleven out-patient treatment programs in 10 US cities. Intervention Non-blinded dosing with Suboxone® during the 1-month stabilization phase included 3 weeks of flexible dosing as determined appropriate by the study physicians. A fixed dose was required for the final week before beginning the taper phase. Measurements The percentage of participants in each taper group providing urine samples free of illicit opioids at the end of the taper and at follow-up. Findings At the end of the taper, 44% of the 7-day taper group (n = 255) provided opioid-free urine specimens compared to 30% of the 28-day taper group (n = 261; P = 0.0007). There were no differences at the 1-month and 3-month follow-ups (7-day = 18% and 12%; 28-day = 18% and 13%, 1 month and 3 months, respectively). Conclusion For individuals terminating buprenorphine pharmacotherapy for opioid dependence, there appears to be no advantage in prolonging the duration of taper. [source] Preliminary evidence of efficacy for EMDR resource development and installation in the stabilization phase of treatment of complex posttraumatic stress disorderJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 12 2002Deborah L. Korn This article reviews the complexity of adaptation and symptomatology in adult survivors of childhood neglect and abuse who meet criteria for the proposed diagnosis of Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (Complex PTSD), also known as Disorders of Extreme Stress, Not Otherwise Specified (DESNOS). A specific EMDR protocol, Resource Development and Installation (RDI), is proposed as an effective intervention in the initial stabilization phase of treatment with Complex PTSD/DESNOS. Descriptive psychometric and behavioral outcome measures from two single case studies are presented which appear to support the use of RDI. Suggestions are offered for future treatment outcome research with this challenging population. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 58: 1465,1487, 2002. [source] Growth, feed utilization and growth heterogeneity in juvenile turbot Scophthalmus maximus (Rafinesque) under different photoperiod regimesAQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 3 2002M Ö Stefánsson Abstract Juvenile turbot (45 g, SE = 1.3) were reared under three photoperiods, 08L:16D, 12L:12D and 20L:04D at slightly elevated ambient temperature for Ireland. Over the 297-day experimental period, the overall growth rate of the 12L:12D (0.82% d,1) treatment was higher than for both 08L:16D (0.80% d,1) and 20L:04D (0.77% d,1). Overall relative feed intake (FI = % consumption*day,1) was higher for the 20L:04D (FI = 0.81% d,1, SE = 0.06) treatment than for the 08L:16D (0.63% d,1, 0.04) and 12L:12D (0.64% d,1 0.04) treatments, whereas feed conversion efficiency (FCE = weight gain* consumption,1) was lower in the 20L:04D (FCE = 0.67, SE = 0.08) group when compared with the 08L:16D (0.88, 0.06) and 12L:12D (0.88, 0.06) treatments. Present results show that the long-term extended fixed photoperiod may act as an irritant, inducing stress, suppressing growth and reducing feed utilization. It is hypothesized that the progression of size-dependent hierarchies over time can be divided into two distinct phases herein referred to as ,hierarchy resolution' and ,hierarchy stabilization' phases (or phases 1 and 2) characterized by increasing and decreasing growth heterogeneity respectively. Growth heterogeneity is measured as coefficient of variation of weight and rank correlation of initial weight of a phase and corresponding growth rate. [source] | ||||||||||