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Sport
Terms modified by Sport Selected Abstracts[Commentary] ALCOHOL AND SPONSORSHIP IN SPORT: SOME MUCH-NEEDED EVIDENCE IN AN IDEOLOGICAL DISCUSSIONADDICTION, Issue 12 2008J. REHM No abstract is available for this article. [source] Front and Back Covers, Volume 23, Number 6.ANTHROPOLOGY TODAY, Issue 6 2007December 200 Front cover caption, volume 23 issue 6 Front cover: HAZARDOUS SPORT The front cover shows a cliff-jump into the sea at the Devil's Frying-Pan, a cove near the southernmost tip of Cornwall's Lizard peninsula, a favourite cliff-jumping spot in the area. Back cover caption, volume 23 issue 6 Front cover: HAZARDOUS SPORT The back cover shows a 43 -meter high bungee jump from Kawarau Bridge, near Queenstown, New Zealand. Proclaimed as ,the world's first commercial bungy jump site' this image was taken from one of the marketing brochures of an international commercial bungee jump company. [source] Politics and Film: A letter to the Secretary of State, Department for Culture, Media and SportCRITICAL QUARTERLY, Issue 1-2 2008COLIN MacCABE No abstract is available for this article. [source] The Economics of Sport: An International Perspective.ECONOMICA, Issue 294 2007By ROBERT SANDY, MARK S. ROSENTRAUB, PETER J. SLOANE No abstract is available for this article. [source] Sport, Localism and Social Capital in Rural Western AustraliaGEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, Issue 4 2006KIM M. ATHERLEY Abstract Whilst there has been some research conducted on the role of sport in Australian rural communities, to date there has been little detailed discussion by social scientists and geographers on the association between sport and social capital. This paper identifies elements of social capital, at a community and regional social scale, which have been expressed through the activities and adaptive strategies of twenty-five sporting clubs from the wheatbelt region of Western Australia. Most of the adaptive strategies are a direct result of the clubs being exposed to the processes of rural restructuring and include amalgamation and the spatial reorganisation of sporting competition locations. The importance of localism in rural communities is also examined through the issues of trust and distrust within a regional hierarchy context. The paper illustrates how sport is not only an important part of rural life but also an activity which plays an integral role in the formation of bonding and bridging social capital. [source] The Athletic Crusade: Sport and American Cultural Imperialism By Gerald R. GemsHISTORY, Issue 312 2008FRANK COGLIANO No abstract is available for this article. [source] Globalizing Sport: National Rivalry and International Community in the 1930s By Barbara J. KeysHISTORY, Issue 310 2008PETER J. BECK No abstract is available for this article. [source] Reassessing employer expectations of graduates in UK travel servicesINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOURISM RESEARCH, Issue 5 2008Bridget Major Abstract This article sets out to ascertain travel and tourism industries employers' views on degrees. Research of this kind and on this scale has not previously been carried out and a large scale survey of industry views was conducted with key issues identified and discussed. These cover topics such as the employment of graduates within the UK travel services industry, views on their contribution and appropriateness, the types of skills that such degrees provide, salary scales and graduate training schemes. Current government policy on widening participation in higher education (HE) and its impact on industry skills is also evaluated. The issue of the provision of tourism curricula and their content has at the beginning of 2007 once again been pushed centre stage. This is as a result of the increasing scrutiny of the Sector Skills organisation People 1st and the launch of the government's new vocational diplomas in 2008. The findings in this article are pertinent for government bodies and educators alike and have previously been shared with the Sector Skills organisation and Department of Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) in addressing HE in tourism. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Trade and associated groups in the English tourism policy arenaINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOURISM RESEARCH, Issue 6 2001Duncan Tyler Abstract The role and influence of trade and associated groups in England's tourism policy environment is of increasing importance given recent changes in the consultative processes undertaken by the Department of Culture Media and Sport (the government department sponsoring the tourism industry in Parliament). Yet researchers working within the realm of tourism studies have paid little attention to their characteristics, objectives and tactics. This article, therefore, sets out to address these issues by drawing on the results of phase one of a two-phase research project into the influence of trade and associated groups on policy development. The article reports the findings of a survey into the objectives and tactics used by the groups in policy communications and links this to structural changes in the landscape of the tourism policy. In doing this it suggests how certain relationships have developed between government and groups, how groups collaborate on policy issues and how this may have influenced the direction of tourism policy in the England. Using the results of this research and an analysis of government policy related announcements over the past two years we hypothesise on how successful the groups have been to data, and proposes areas for future research. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Medicine and science in the fight against doping in sportJOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, Issue 2 2008D. H. Catlin Abstract. The fight against doping in sports commenced as a result of the death of a Danish cyclist during the Rome Olympic Games in 1960. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) established a Medical Commission (IOC-MC) which had the task of designing a strategy to combat the misuse of drugs in Olympic Sport. Some International Sport Federations (IF) and National Sports Federations followed suit, but progress was modest until the world's best male sprinter was found doped with anabolic steroids at the Olympic Games in Seoul in 1988. Further progress was made following the cessation of the cold war in 1989 and in 1999 public authorities around the world joined the Olympic Movement in a unique partnership by creating WADA , the ,World Anti-Doping Agency'. The troubled history of the anti-doping fight from the 1960s until today is reviewed. In particular, the development of detection methods for an ever increasing number of drugs that can be used to dope is described, as are the measures that have been taken to protect the health of the athletes, including those who may need banned substances for medical reasons. [source] Differences in polymeric proteins among grains in spring wheat spikesJOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE, Issue 4 2006A Andersson Abstract A uniform amount and size distribution of polymeric proteins within grains in a spike might determine the stability of wheat quality. Two cultivars were grown to maturity in solution culture in a climate chamber. Nitrogen (N) in the form of nitrate was added daily and replaced with 15N before harvest. Plants were harvested during grain development. Protein composition and relationships of labelled N in grains from different spikelets within the spike were determined. Higher percentages of large unextractable polymeric proteins (%-LUPP) and total unextractable polymeric proteins (%-TUPP) were found in the lower- and uppermost spikelets in the spike compared with the middle ones for cv. WL, but not for cv. Sport. Both cultivars showed variations in the percentage of large unextractable monomeric proteins (%-LUMP) and total SDS-extractable protein (Tote) in the spikelets within the spike. The amount of total SDS-unextractable protein (Totu) did not vary for either of the cultivars. The spikelets within the spike showing high and low %-LUMP and Tote at maturity showed a similar behaviour shortly after flowering in cv. WL, but not in cv. Sport. The N concentration of SDS and sonicated extracts varied along the spikelets of the spike for both cultivars. The atom-% excess 15N decreased in cv. Sport SDS-extractable and -unextractable proteins and cv. WL albumins + globulins, gliadins and glutenins from grains at different spikelet positions along the spike. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry [source] Understanding Recreation and Sport as a Rehabilitative Tool Within Juvenile Justice ProgramsJUVENILE AND FAMILY COURT JOURNAL, Issue 2 2002D J WILLIAMS M.S.W. ABSTRACT This article discusses relevant literature on the potential benefits of sport, recreation, and leisure, and how these benefits relate to rehabilitation of juveniles. Many professionals involved in juvenile rehabilitation believe sport and recreation are beneficial adjuncts to treatment programming; however, it can be difficult to structure sport and recreation in ways that directly correspond to treatment goals. The purpose of this article is to provide insights for professionals working with juveniles on how sport and recreation programming can be an effective means of helping to achieve rehabilitation goals. Attention is given to approaches, particularly the Teaching Games for Understanding model (Bunker & Thorpe, 1982), which can be used to effectively link recreation and sport to the rehabilitation process. [source] Rally racing: knowledge and learning requirements for a winning teamKNOWLEDGE AND PROCESS MANAGEMENT: THE JOURNAL OF CORPORATE TRANSFORMATION, Issue 2 2001Rafael Andreu In this paper we discuss how a winning rally racing team was developed from scratch in Seat Sport, the racing division within Seat, one of Volkswagen's divisions, which decided to enter the World Rally Cup in 1995. The discussion focuses on how different types of knowledge were literally ,grown up' from practically nothing to a winning team. We start by describing the knowledge requirements stemming from the goal of developing a World Rally Cup winning team. Defining them in the form of success factors, we classify them from different standpoints (explicit versus implicit, individual versus collective, mental models, coordination schemes, etc.). Next, we show how these different knowledge requirements were acquired and developed at Seat Sport. Finally, we derive the actual learning processes that were present at Seat Sport and relate them to the different kinds of needs and requirements. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Sport and National Identity in the Post-War World by Adrian Smith and Dilwyn Porter (eds.)NATIONS AND NATIONALISM, Issue 1 2007GRANT JARVIE [source] Jeder Schuss ein Treffer: Physik und Treffsicherheit beim SportPHYSIK IN UNSERER ZEIT (PHIUZ), Issue 1 2007Leopold Mathelitsch Prof. Dr. Abstract Bei Sportarten, in denen es auf Treffsicherheit ankommt, zählen nicht Kraft oder Schnelligkeit, sondern präzise Bewegungen. Beim Basketball erhöht eine geringe Fluggeschwindigkeit gepaart mit einem steileren Flugwinkel die Trefferchance. Bei Schießsportarten kommt es auch darauf an, wie groß der Schütze die Zielscheibe tatsächlich sieht. Dartprofis neigen sich vor, um die Schussdistanz erlaubt zu reduzieren. Beim Bowling kann der Ball nur dann alle Pins auf einen Schlag abräumen, wenn er auf einer perfekt gekrümmten Bahn läuft. Das ermöglicht ein Gleitfilm aus Öl auf der Bahn, dessen Dicke zum Ziel hin abnimmt. [source] Economics of Sport: IntroductionTHE ECONOMIC JOURNAL, Issue 469 2001Stefan Szymanski No abstract is available for this article. [source] Brand NFL: Making and Selling America's Favorite Sport by Michael OriardTHE JOURNAL OF AMERICAN CULTURE, Issue 2 2008Roger Anderson No abstract is available for this article. [source] Brand NFL: Making and Selling America's Favorite SportTHE JOURNAL OF POPULAR CULTURE, Issue 5 2008Travis Vogan No abstract is available for this article. [source] The United Kingdom's Immunity from Seizure LegislationTHE MODERN LAW REVIEW, Issue 5 2009Anna O'Connell The UK's Department for Culture Media and Sport (DCMS) has introduced legislation to provide immunity from seizure for cultural objects on temporary loan from other countries to approved museums and galleries in the UK. The legislation is aimed at facilitating the cross-border lending of objects and bringing the UK into line with other countries such as the United States, France and Germany, that already afford such legal immunity. In the absence of immunity legislation in the UK, many museums and private lenders had been reluctant to loan their objects because of the risk that they might be seized by creditors seeking to settle financial disputes or by claimants contesting ownership of the works. This article examines whether the new law will be effective to provide museums and lenders with the protection they have been hoping for and asks whether it goes too far in depriving claimants of legal rights and remedies. [source] Commentary: Spectator Sport: Observing a Pediatric ResuscitationACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 9 2007Kenneth V. Iserson MD No abstract is available for this article. [source] Titanic Town: Sport, Space and the Re-imag(in)ing of BelfastCITY & SOCIETY, Issue 2 2006ALAN BAIRNER This article discusses the extent to which Belfast's sporting spaces are implicated in a process whereby the city has been transformed since the cessation of widespread political violence. The discussion takes readers to the city's traditional sporting venues, comments on the relationship between sporting spaces and urban regeneration and assesses the extent to which, if at all, Belfast can become a "winning city" by virtue of its new and proposed sports facilities. Particular attention is paid to the concept of public space with reference to the Odyssey Arena and the planned national stadium. It is argued that for a variety of reasons, it is unlikely that Belfast can be transformed into a mecca for sports enthusiasts. The evidence upon which this conclusion is based is largely drawn from the author's personal ethnographic reading of the city and its people. [Northern Ireland, Belfast, sports, ethnic conflict, public space] [source] Comparison of forces transmitted through different EVA mouthguardsDENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2006Craig F. Duhaime Abstract,,, Athletic mouthguards have been recommended for decades with varying levels of athlete acceptance. Issues related to compliance center around the ability to breath and speak while wearing the mouthguards. Fabrication techniques have changed over time to a two-layer ethylene vinyl acetate mouthguard fabricated on a high-pressure machine. The reported ideal thickness of these mouthguards has been somewhat variable depending on the sport and anticipated level of risk. Recent research however, has identified 4 mm as the optimal thickness of EVA. In this study an acrylic dental cast was fabricated and mounted to a drop impact fixture. Mouthguards of varying ply, thickness and palatal coverage were fabricated and tested in the fixture. Strain gauges and load cells were used to evaluate the effect of ply, thickness, and palatal coverage on the ability of these mouthguards to minimize transmitted forces. The purpose of this study was to identify those variables of mouthguard construction that will minimize the overall transmitted force of impact to the anterior dentition. [source] Oro-facial injuries in Central American and Caribbean sports games: a 20-year experienceDENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY, Issue 3 2005Enrique Amy Abstract,,, Dental services in sports competitions in the Games sponsored by the International Olympic Committee are mandatory. In every Central American, Pan American and Olympic Summer Games, as well as Winter Games, the Organizing Committee has to take all the necessary measures to assure dental services to all competitors. In all Olympic villages, as part of the medical services, a dental clinic is set up to treat any dental emergency that may arise during the Games. Almost every participating country in the Games has its own medical team and some may include a dentist. The major responsibilities of the team dentist as a member of the national sports delegation include: (i) education of the sports delegation about different oral and dental diseases and the illustration of possible problems that athletes or other personnel may encounter during the Games, (ii) adequate training and management of orofacial trauma during the competition, (iii) knowledge about the rules and regulations of the specific sport that the dentist is working, (iv) understanding of the anti-doping control regulations and procedures, (v) necessary skills to fabricate a custom-made and properly fitted mouthguard to all participants in contact or collision sports of the delegation. This study illustrates the dental services and occurrence of orofacial injury at the Central American and Caribbean Sports Games of the Puerto Rican Delegation for the past 20 years. A total of 2107 participants made up the six different delegations at these Games. Of these 279 or 13.2% were seen for different dental conditions. The incidence of acute or emergency orofacial conditions was 18 cases or 6% of the total participants. The most frequent injury was lip contusion with four cases and the sport that experienced more injuries was basketball with three cases. [source] Use of mouthguards by basketball players in Victoria, AustraliaDENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2003Helen Cornwell Abstract ,,,Basketball is a popular sport in Australia. Although orofacial injuries are common, mouthguard (MG) wear in basketball appears to be low. The purposes of this study were: to measure mouthguard wear by basketball players before and after a promotional intervention; to assess players' knowledge of the value of mouthguards for prevention of injury; and to describe their experience of orofacial injury. Two questionnaires (baseline and follow-up) were administered to a convenience sample of 496 basketball players in Victoria, Australia. Players recruited were youths (12,15-year olds, n = 208) and adults (18 years and over, n = 288), from all basketball levels (social to elite). Completion of the baseline questionnaire was followed immediately by an intervention comprising written and verbal information, a mouthguard blank and instructions on mouthguard construction. The follow-up questionnaire was mailed to all respondents 10,12 weeks later; 135 youths (65%) and 157 adults (54%) completed this. Mouthguard wear at baseline was low but was more frequent at games (62%) than at training (25%). Despite 90% of players acknowledging the protective value of a mouthguard, wear by youths did not increase following the intervention, and wear by adults increased by only 14% for training and 10% at games. Previous orofacial injury was recorded at baseline by 23% of players, but few had requested compensation from Basketball Australia (youths, 17%; adults, 30%). Two predictor variables were statistically identified as related to mouthguard wear: previous orofacial injury and age group. Mouthguard wear was significantly more frequent amongst players with previous injury; such players were 2.76 times more likely to be wearers than those without previous injury. Youths were 2.31 times more likely to wear mouthguards than adults. Only 34 players (12% of respondents at follow-up) had a mouthguard constructed from the blank provided. Although youth and adult groups differed, the overall extent of mouthguard use was disappointingly low. Despite wide recognition of mouthguard value, the intervention had little effect on promoting their use. [source] The role of banned substance residue analysis in the control of dietary supplement contaminationDRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS, Issue 9 2010Dr Catherine MG Judkins Abstract The potential for contaminated dietary supplements to result in a failed doping test remains a concern for athletes, trainers, and sporting authorities despite improvements to regulatory guidelines. Previous surveys of readily available supplements confirm that many are contaminated with steroids and stimulants prohibited for use in elite sport. Suggested responses to this issue include the complete avoidance of all supplements. Many athletes, however, use nutritional supplements to achieve effective training and also to ensure that daily nutritional requirements are met (e.g. recommended levels of vitamins and minerals). This ensures that the use of supplements is and will remain the norm for a range of sports. As a result, an alternative approach of rigorous testing of materials destined for use by elite athletes has been introduced in several countries. While the testing of final product for banned substances may help mitigate the problem, it will not help to remove the underlying issue of contamination. In this article we describe an alternative approach that uses appropriate quality assurance procedures backed up by testing to remove sources of contamination. The decrease in the incidence of contamination amongst supplement companies adopting such a system is explained, and contrasted with the relatively high incidences of contamination found in products that are not part of a quality system. These findings are of key importance to both supplement manufacturers and those involved in advising athletes about supplement use. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] A rapid screening LC-MS/MS method based on conventional HPLC pumps for the analysis of low molecular weight xenobiotics: application to doping control analysisDRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS, Issue 7 2010Monica Mazzarino Abstract This study presents a fast multi-analyte screening method specifically developed for the detection of xenobiotics in urine. The proposed method allows the screening of several classes of substance in a single chromatographic method with a run-time of 11 min, inclusive of post-run and reconditioning times. Chromatographic separation is achieved in 7.2 min using a reversed-phase 2.7 µm fused-core particle column, generating a back-pressure not exceeding 400 bar and therefore enabling the use of traditional high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) instruments. The effectiveness of this approach was evaluated, by liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in positive electrospray ionization, using 20 blank urine samples spiked with 45 compounds prohibited in sport: 11 diuretics, 16 glucocorticoids, 9 stimulants, 5 anti-oestrogens, as well as formoterol, carboxy-finasteride (previously prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) in 2008), gestrinone and tetrahydrogestrinone. Qualitative validation shows the proposed method to be specific with no significant interference. All of the analytes considered in this study were clearly distinguishable in urine, with limits of detection ranging from 5 ng/mL to 350 ng/mL, significantly below the Minimum Required Performance Levels (MRPL) set by WADA for the accredited sports anti-doping laboratories. All compounds of interest were separated, including synthetic and endogenous glucocorticoids with similar retention times and fragmentation patterns. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Determination of 13C/12C ratios of urinary excreted boldenone and its main metabolite 5,-androst-1-en-17,-ol-3-oneDRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS, Issue 5 2010Thomas Piper Abstract Boldenone (androsta,1,4,dien,17,,ol,3,one, Bo) is an anabolic steroid known to have been used in cattle breeding or equine sport as a doping agent for many years. Although not clinically approved for human application, Bo or its main metabolite 5,-androst-1-en-17,-ol-3-one (BM1) were detected in several doping control samples. For more than 15 years the possibility of endogenous Bo production in human beings has been discussed. This is a challenging issue for doping control laboratories as Bo belongs to the list of prohibited substances of the World Anti-Doping Agency and therefore the chance for false positive testing is significant. By GC/C/IRMS (gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry) it should be possible to analyze the 13C/12C ratio of either Bo or BM1 and to distinguish whether their source is endogenous or exogenous. Therefore a method was developed to determine the 13C/12C ratios of Bo, BM1, pregnanediol, androsterone, etiocholanolone, and testosterone from a single urine specimen. The validity of the method was ensured by repeated processing of urine fortified with 2,50 ng/mL Bo and BM1. The specificity of the method was ensured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry determinations. Out of 23 samples investigated throughout the last four years, 11 showed 13C/12C ratios of Bo or BM1 inconsistent with an exogenous origin. Two of these samples were collected from the same athlete within a one-month interval, strongly indicating the chance of endogenous Bo production by this athlete. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Application of FAIMS to anabolic androgenic steroids in sport drug testingDRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS, Issue 11-12 2009Sven Guddat Abstract Mass spectrometric identification of anabolic androgenic steroids challenges standard doping-control methods. To reveal a doping offence the presence of prohibited anabolic androgenic steroids at trace levels in the picogram-per-millilitre range must be confirmed as reliable. Human urine samples containing epitrenbolone, metandienone metabolite (17, -hydroxymethyl-17,-methyl-18-norandrost-1,4,13-trien-3-one), stanozolol, 16,-hydroxystanozolol and 4,-hydroxystanozolol were analysed using LC-FAIMS-MS/MS. These substances are prohibited in sport according to World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) regulations. Glucuronides were hydrolysed and prepared by liquid-liquid extraction. Excellent recovery and precision were obtained for all compounds. Linear calibration results for epitrenbolone and metandienone metabolite were obtained and concentration information could be determined in the ranges of reliable response between 750,1200 and 100,600 pg/mL, respectively. Limits of detection were estimated at 25 pg/mL (stanozolol), 50 pg/mL (metandienone metabolite, 16,-hydroxystanozolol), 100 pg/mL (4,-hydroxystanozolol) and 500 pg/mL (epitrenbolone). The assay was applied to doping-control samples. For all analytes, LC-FAIMS-MS/MS resulted in excellent interference removal, which effectively extends the post-dose detection time. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Growth hormone: barriers to the implementation of human growth hormone testing in sportDRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS, Issue 9-10 2009Gary Green Pacific Palisades Medical Group No abstract is available for this article. [source] Counterfeiting in performance- and image-enhancing drugsDRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS, Issue 3 2009Michael R. Graham Abstract The current drastic escalation in obesity may be contributing to the exponential rise in drugs used for image enhancement. Drugs such as anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are perceived as a viable method of achieving a perfect physique. They are also the most widely abused drugs in sport. The Internet has encouraged the abuse of expensive drugs, particularly human growth hormone (hGH), resulting in increased importation for personal use. The substantial increase in this market has opened up avenues for counterfeiting, estimated as a multi-million pound business. The acute adverse effects from contaminated vials may result in a variety of pathologies including communicable diseases. In 2007, in the UK, a series of intramuscular abscesses, requiring surgical treatment, led us to study samples obtained from the underground market. The analysis of 38 parenteral samples and 19 oral samples of tablets was performed by a World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) accredited laboratory, in an attempt to establish the extent of available counterfeit products. Fifty-three per cent (20) of the injectable AAS esters and 21% (4) of the oral tablets were counterfeit. Culture and sensitivity revealed the presence of skin commensal organisms, which may have contributed to the development of the abscesses. Users of AAS and hGH for sport, including bodybuilding, are currently risking their health because of counterfeit and poorly controlled products. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||