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Speaking
Terms modified by Speaking Selected AbstractsSpeaking of God after the Death of GodDIALOG, Issue 3 2005By Daniel J. Peterson Abstract:, This article affirms the ability to talk about God in the twenty-first century 40 years after God died (according to Death-of-God theologians) in the 1960s. It does so by an appeal to the proper combination of mystery and revelation ideally expressed in the paradox that God reveals Godself as hidden. The language of God's revealed hiddenness comprises a "middle way" which avoids the extremes of theological hubris on the one hand and atheism or unbelief on the other, making it possible to speak today of God in a faithful yet humble manner. [source] "Speaking Shadows": A History of the Voice in the Transition from Silent to Sound Film in the United StatesJOURNAL OF LINGUISTIC ANTHROPOLOGY, Issue 1 2009Jessica Taylor In this paper I examine the media discourse surrounding the voice in the silent to sound film transition in American cinema. When the technologies of synchronized sound became widespread in the late 1920s the question of how this new technology would be incorporated into the well-established film culture was of great interest, revealing some of the underlying ideologies of language at the time. These discussions worked to stabilize the new sound cinema around an ideology of the voice, closely tied to an ideology of American society, which became less audible as it became more certain, leaving behind its now naturalized structures of voiced race, class, gender and ethnicity.,[voice, technology, cinema, race, gender] [source] Speaking Up, Remaining Silent: The Dynamics of Voice and Silence in OrganizationsJOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES, Issue 6 2003Elizabeth Wolfe Morrison First page of article [source] Speaking with One VoiceJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF NURSE PRACTITIONERS, Issue 8 2005FAANP, Mona M. Counts PhD No abstract is available for this article. [source] Speaking into the air: A history of the idea of communicationJOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF THE BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES, Issue 4 2002Joan Hemels Professor of Communication Science No abstract is available for this article. [source] Speaking and Hearing Clearly: Talker and Listener Factors in Speaking Style ChangesLINGUISTICS & LANGUAGE COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 1 2009Rajka Smiljani This article provides an overview of the research concerning the nature of the distinct, listener-oriented speaking style called ,clear speech' and its effect on intelligibility for various listener populations. We review major findings that identify talker, listener and signal characteristics that contribute to the characteristically high intelligibility of clear speech. Understanding the interplay of these factors sheds light on the interaction between higher level cognitive and lower-level sensory and perceptual factors that affect language processing. Clear speech research is, thus, relevant for both its theoretical insights and practical applications. Throughout the review, we highlight open questions and promising future directions. [source] Speaking with the Ancestors: Mississippian Stone Statuary of the Tennessee-Cumberland Region by Kevin Smith and James MillerAMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Issue 1 2010Timothy R. Pauketat No abstract is available for this article. [source] Translating Native Latin American Verbal Art: Ethnopoetics and Ethnography of SpeakingAMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Issue 3 2002Michael A. Uzendoski Translating Native Latin American Verbal Art: Ethnopoetics and Ethnography of Speaking. Kay Sammons and Joel Sherzer. eds. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 2000. 309 pp. [source] Speaking through Silence: Narratives, Social Conventions, and Power in Java: Shifting Languages: Interaction and Identity in Javanese IndonesiaAMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Issue 1 2001Robert Hefner Speaking through Silence: Narratives, Social Conventions, and Power in Java. Laine Berman. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998. 256 pp. Shifting Languages: Interaction and Identity in Javanese Indonesia. J. Joseph Errington. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998.216 pp. [source] Speaking Up About the UnspeakableAMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPSYCHIATRY, Issue 2 2009Wanda K. Mohr PhD No abstract is available for this article. [source] Speaking of Books: Britain in RevolutionTHE JOURNAL OF THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY, Issue 1 2005Paul A. Rahe Austin Woolrych, Britain in Revolution, 1626-1660. New York: Oxford University Press. 2002. 814 pages. $35.00 (hardcover), $25.00 (paperback). [source] Speaking of Books: Veiled EmpireTHE JOURNAL OF THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY, Issue 4 2004Matthew J. Payne [source] Speaking of Books: The Oxford History of ByzantiumTHE JOURNAL OF THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY, Issue 1 2004Dean Miller [source] On Speaking Thus: the Semantics of Indirect DiscourseTHE PHILOSOPHICAL QUARTERLY, Issue 205 2001Jane Heal Indexical predication is possible as well as the more familiar indexical reference. ,My curtains are coloured thus' describes my curtains. The indexical predicate expression it contains (,coloured thus') stands to possible non-indexical replacements (,red') as a referring indexical (,he') does to possible non-indexical replacements (,Tom'), in that it calls upon the context of utterance to fix its semantic contribution to the whole. Indexical predication is the natural resource to call upon in talk about skilful human performances, where we exhibit considerable know-how but little explicit know-that. Speech is among such performances. Both direct and indirect speech reports may be illuminated by seeing them in the light of this thought. A corollary of the approach is that the prospects of providing a formal semantic treatment of indirect speech do not look good. [source] Speaking of Witchcraft (Witchcraft, Sorcery, Rumours, and Gossip, Pamela J. Stewart and AndrewStrathern)ANTHROPOLOGY & HUMANISM, Issue 2 2004William RodmanArticle first published online: 28 JUN 200 No abstract is available for this article. [source] Speaking versus typing: a case-study of the effects of using voice-recognition software on academic correspondenceBRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY, Issue 1 2003James Hartley This paper contributes to the discussion about the effects of new technology on writing by assessing whether or not an experienced writer's style of writing changes when a new technology is introduced. 14 typed word-processed letters from ES to JH were compared with 14 dictated word-processed letters from ES after he had changed to using a voice-recognition system (Dragon Naturally Speaking). The results showed that, although there were large differences between the methods and experience of writing with the two technologies, there were no significant differences between the average letter lengths, numbers of paragraphs written and number of sentences used in each group of letters. Nor were there any significant differences in terms of readability, or typographical and grammatical errors. However, the dictated letters did have significantly shorter sentences, significantly fewer particularly long sentences (ie, those containing more than 50 words), and used the first-person pronoun more frequently. The overall results thus indicate that using the voice-recognition software had only marginal effects upon the written products, despite the fact that it had a strong effect on ES's experience of the writing process. [source] Multicenter Study of Preferences for Health Education in the Emergency Department PopulationACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 6 2010M. Kit Delgado MD Abstract Objectives:, Emergency departments (EDs) are increasingly proposed as high-yield venues for providing preventive health education to a population at risk for unhealthy behaviors and unmet primary care needs. This study sought to determine the preferred health education topics and teaching modality among ED patients and visitors. Methods:, For two 24-hour periods, patients aged 18 years and older presenting to four Boston EDs were consecutively enrolled, and waiting room visitors were surveyed every 3 hours. The survey assessed interest in 28 health conditions and topics, which were further classified into nine composite health education categories. Also assessed was the participants' preferred teaching modality. Results:, Among 1,321 eligible subjects, 1,010 (76%) completed the survey, of whom 56% were patients and 44% were visitors. Among the health conditions, respondents were most interested in learning about stress and depression (32%). Among the health topics, respondents were most interested in exercise and nutrition (43%). With regard to learning modality, 34% of subjects chose brochures/book, 25% video, 24% speaking with an expert, 14% using a computer, and 3% another mode of learning (e.g., a class). Speaking with an expert was the overall preferred modality for those with less than high school education and Hispanics, as well as those interested in HIV screening, youth violence, and stroke. Video was the preferred modality for those interested in learning more about depression, alcohol, drugs, firearm safety, and smoke detectors. Conclusions:, Emergency department patients and visitors were most interested in health education on stress, depression, exercise, and nutrition, compared to topics more commonly targeted to the ED population such as substance abuse, sexual health (including HIV testing), and injury prevention. Despite many recent innovations in health education, most ED patients and visitors in our study preferred the traditional form of books and brochures. Future ED health education efforts may be optimized by taking into account the learning preferences of the target ED population. ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2010; 17:652,658 © 2010 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine [source] Speaking about the Unspeakable: Non-Verbal Methods and Experiences in Therapy with ChildrenCHILD AND ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH, Issue 3 2009Liz Searle No abstract is available for this article. [source] Effectiveness and fabrication of mouthguardsDENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY, Issue 6 2009Yoshinobu Maeda The purpose of this literature review was to clarify differences in opinions with supporting evidence on these issues and find the best guidelines for promoting usage and providing mouthguards with better protective capability and fewer side effects such as difficulty in breathing and speaking. [source] Neuromagnetic Source Localization of Epileptiform Activity in Patients with Graphogenic EpilepsyEPILEPSIA, Issue 11 2006Naoaki Tanaka Summary:,Purpose: To clarify the source localization of epileptiform activity by using magnetoencephalography (MEG) in patients with graphogenic epilepsy. Methods: MEG and simultaneous EEG were recorded with a 204-channel whole-head MEG system in two patients with graphogenic epilepsy. During the MEG recordings, the patients performed a set of tasks comprising mental arithmetic calculation, speaking, moving the right arm in a manner resembling writing, writing, and thinking of writing. Equivalent current dipoles (ECD) were calculated for epileptiform discharges on MEG by using a single-dipole model. The ECD were superimposed on the magnetic resonance images of the patients. Results: The task of writing provoked seizures, in which both patients jerked the right arms. Thinking of writing also induced these seizures. In both patients, EEG associated with the seizures showed bursts of spike-and-slow-wave complexes predominantly in the centroparietal region. MEG also showed epileptiform discharges corresponding to the EEG bursts. ECDs obtained from the discharges were clustered in the left centroparietal area. Conclusions: Thinking of writing was a trigger for the seizures, as well as the task of writing. The source of the epileptiform discharge associated with the seizures was localized in the unilateral centroparietal area. The findings suggest that the centroparietal region plays an important role in the pathophysiology underlying these two graphogenic epilepsy cases. [source] Nasal nitric oxide measurements before and after repeated humming maneuversEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION, Issue 12 2003M. Maniscalco Abstract Background, It has been recently shown that humming greatly increases nasal nitric oxide (NO). This is most likely owing to a rapid washout of sinus NO caused by the oscillating sound waves. During repeated humming manoeuvres nasal NO gradually decreases, likely because NO accumulated in the sinuses is washed out. Aim, We studied whether humming before measurements would affect nasally exhaled NO. Materials and methods, NO output was measured by the chemiluminescence technique in orally and nasally exhaled air in 38 subjects: 18 healthy subjects (HS), 15 subjects with allergic rhinitis (AR) and five subjects with allergic nasal polyposis (AP). Each subject performed a NO measurement during quiet nasal exhalation either preceded by a period of silence/free speaking or immediately after five consecutive humming manoeuvres (posthumming). Results, Mean nasal NO output (95% CI) after a period of silence/free speaking was 231 nL min,1 (178,284) in HS, 434 nL min,1 (347,522) in AR (P < 0·001) and 262 nL min,1 (163,361) in AP. Post-humming nasal NO output was 16% (5 to 50%) lower in HS and 14% (1 to 49%) lower in AR, while it remained unchanged in AP subjects. Intra-subject coefficient of variation of quiet nasal exhalation was 12% in HS, 13% in AR and 5% in AP. Post humming intraindividual coefficient of variation significantly decreased in both HS and AR, but it did not change in AP. Conclusions, Nasal NO levels measured immediately after repeated humming manoeuvres are consistently lower and more reproducible than nasal NO levels measured after a period of silence or free speaking. Repeated humming effectively empties the sinuses, thereby probably minimizing the normal contribution from the sinuses to nasal NO. This may be useful to better estimate NO output from the nasal cavity mucosa in health and disease. [source] THE OBJECT OF DESIRE SPEAKS: INGEBORG BACHMANN'S ,UNDINE GEHT' AND LUCE IRIGARAY 'S ,WOMAN'GERMAN LIFE AND LETTERS, Issue 2 2008Lorraine Markotic ABSTRACT This article presents a detailed examination of Ingeborg Bachmann's ,Undine geht'. It argues for the uniqueness of this work: the text's astonishing ability to depict an object who is also a subject, able to articulate her otherness. Undine is a speaking and desiring subject at the same time as she remains an object of projection. The article compares Bachmann's short story with Irigaray's extensive philosophical and feminist project, showing the many ways in which ,Undine geht' anticipates (and is ultimately more successful than) Irigaray's concept of ,woman' and her mimetic strategy. Bachmann's Undine subversively mimes what she represents; she both incarnates and eludes her representation as man's imaginary other. While ,Undine geht' appears to provide an alternative conception of female subjectivity or to articulate repressed female desire, it ultimately explores the radical complexity of these concepts. Bachmann's short story illustrates, moreover, the salience of Irigaray's attempt to examine the way in which language constructs and reproduces sexual difference. ,Undine geht' goes further, however, by also exploring the constitutive role of narrative and culture in subjectivity. The text is less an account of a female figure who finds her voice than of the difficulty and impediments to so doing. [source] Teaching repetition as a communicative and cognitive tool: evidence from a Spanish conversation classINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED LINGUISTICS, Issue 1 2004Regina F. Roebuck The development of conversational abilities in the second language depends upon the appropriation of both cognitive and communicative skills, in addition to overall linguistic improvement. In terms of needed skills, speaking is often considered at the expense of listening, which has long been thought of as a passive exercise. However, listening and speaking must be developed together as active discursive practice, that is, in the same way in which they are used in conversation. The focus of the present project is to investigate whether or not students can be taught to use a specific linguistic tool, a feature of private speech known as repetition, as a cognitive and communicative resource in order to facilitate their interactions with other learners. Analysis of students' production in several different classroom tasks suggests that learners are able to use repetition for a number of communicative and cognitive functions, in response to instruction and extended practice. [source] ,She's manipulative and he's right off': A critical analysis of psychiatric nurses' oral and written language in the acute inpatient settingINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH NURSING, Issue 2 2006Bridget Hamilton ABSTRACT:, Remarks such as ,she's manipulative' and ,he's right off' are familiar to psychiatric nurses. This paper critiques the language nurses use in acute inpatient psychiatry services, highlighting the diverse discourses implicated in nurses' writing and speaking about patients. Based on a review of the literature, this paper examines ethnographic studies and discourse analyses of psychiatric nurses' oral and written language. A prominent debate in the literature surrounds nurses' use of standardized language, which is the use of set terms for symptoms and nursing activities. This review of spoken descriptions of patients highlights nurses' use of informal and local descriptions, incorporating elements of moral judgement, common sense language and empathy. Research into written accounts in patient files and records show nurses' use of objectifying language, the dominance of medicine and the emergence of the language of bureaucracy in health services. Challenges to the language of psychiatry and psychiatric nursing arise from fields as diverse as bioscience, humanism and social theory. Authors who focus on the relationship between language, power and the discipline of nursing disagree in regard to their analysis of particular language as a constructive exercise of power by nurses. Thus, particular language is in some instances endorsed and in other instances censured, by nurses in research and practice. In this paper, a Foucauldian analysis provides further critique of taken-for-granted practices of speech and writing. Rather than censoring language, we recommend that nurses, researchers and educators attend to nurses' everyday language and explore what it produces for nurses, patients and society. [source] Europe in the Political ImaginationJCMS: JOURNAL OF COMMON MARKET STUDIES, Issue 4 2010JONATHAN WHITE Perceptions of the EU tend to be studied by examining responses to targeted opinion polls. This paper looks instead at how citizens draw Europe into a wider discussion of politics and political problems. Based on a series of group discussions with taxi-drivers in Britain, Germany and the Czech Republic, it examines the motifs speakers use to explain the origins of problems, the assumptions they make about their susceptibility to address, and how, when these patterned ways of speaking are applied to the EU, they serve to undermine its credibility as a positive source of political agency. [source] Prevalence of Tooth Loss and Dental Service Use in Older Mexican AmericansJOURNAL OF AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY, Issue 5 2001Whitney M. Randolph BS OBJECTIVES: To describe the prevalence of tooth loss, to examine risk factors for having fewer teeth or no teeth, and to describe the use of dental services in an older Mexican-American population. DESIGN: Data from the baseline phase of the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly survey conducted from 1993 to 1994, a cross-sectional survey of older Mexican Americans. SETTING: Five southwestern states: Texas, California, Arizona, New Mexico, and Colorado. PARTICIPANTS: 3,050 noninstitutionalized Mexican Americans age 65 to 99. RESULTS: Twenty-seven percent of the sample was completely edentulous and 22% reported visiting or speaking with a dental care professional in the preceding year. Logistic regression analyses showed that being older or being female was significantly associated with tooth loss, adjusting for education, income, smoking status, and diabetes mellitus. Current smokers (odds ratio (OR) = 1.69; 95% CI = 1.31,2.20) and diabetics (OR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.27,1.84) were more at risk for tooth loss, as were persons of lower socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of tooth loss and use of dental services in this population of older Mexican Americans is lower than what has been previously found among older people in the general population. [source] A self-applied, Internet-based intervention for fear of public speakingJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 8 2004Cristina Botella The aim of this article is to introduce, illustrate, and present effectiveness data on a new telepsychology program for the treatment of fear of public speaking. The Talk to Me program is an Internet-based self-applied intervention that has several components, including a diagnostic assessment, a structured treatment, and an outcome protocol that evaluates treatment efficacy in a continuous manner. We describe the characteristics of the program and present a case study. Results demonstrated a significant decrease in levels of fear and avoidance related to speaking in public. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol/In Session. [source] Allele Frequency Data for 19 Short Tandem Repeats (PowerPlex® 16 and FFFl) in a Belgian Population SampleJOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES, Issue 2 2006Ronny Decorte Ph.D POPULATION: Belgian Caucasians (Dutch speaking; n=198). [source] Conceptualizing Employee Silence and Employee Voice as Multidimensional Constructs*JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES, Issue 6 2003Linn Van Dyne ABSTRACT Employees often have ideas, information, and opinions for constructive ways to improve work and work organizations. Sometimes these employees exercise voice and express their ideas, information, and opinions; and other times they engage in silence and withhold their ideas, information, and opinions. On the surface, expressing and withholding behaviours might appear to be polar opposites because silence implies not speaking while voice implies speaking up on important issues and problems in organizations. Challenging this simplistic notion, this paper presents a conceptual framework suggesting that employee silence and voice are best conceptualized as separate, multidimensional constructs. Based on employee motives, we differentiate three types of silence (Acquiescent Silence, Defensive Silence, and ProSocial Silence) and three parallel types of voice (Acquiescent Voice, Defensive Voice, and ProSocial Voice) where withholding important information is not simply the absence of voice. Building on this conceptual framework, we further propose that silence and voice have differential consequences to employees in work organizations. Based on fundamental differences in the overt behavioural cues provided by silence and voice, we present a series of propositions predicting that silence is more ambiguous than voice, observers are more likely to misattribute employee motives for silence than for voice, and misattributions for motives behind silence will lead to more incongruent consequences (both positive and negative) for employees (than for voice). We conclude by discussing implications for future research and for managers. [source] Timing of potential and metabolic brain energyJOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY, Issue 5 2007Jakob Korf Abstract The temporal relationship between cerebral electro-physiological activities, higher brain functions and brain energy metabolism is reviewed. The duration of action potentials and transmission through glutamate and GABA are most often less than 5 ms. Subjects may perform complex psycho-physiological tasks within 50 to 200 ms, and perception of conscious experience requires 0.5 to 2 s. Activation of cerebral oxygen consumption starts after at least 100 ms and increases of local blood flow become maximal after about 1 s. Current imaging technologies are unable to detect rapid physiological brain functions. We introduce the concepts of potential and metabolic brain energy to distinguish trans-membrane gradients of ions or neurotransmitters and the capacity to generate energy from intra- or extra-cerebral substrates, respectively. Higher brain functions, such as memory retrieval, speaking, consciousness and self-consciousness are so fast that their execution depends primarily on fast neurotransmission (in the millisecond range) and action-potentials. In other words: brain functioning requires primarily maximal potential energy. Metabolic brain energy is necessary to restore and maintain the potential energy. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||