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Spatial Perception (spatial + perception)
Selected AbstractsRapid Geometric Modeling for Unstructured Construction WorkspacesCOMPUTER-AIDED CIVIL AND INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING, Issue 4 2003Yong-Kwon Cho Most automated and semi-automated construction tasks require real-time information about the local workspace in the form of 3D geometric models. This article describes and demonstrates a new rapid, local area, geometric data extraction and 3D visualization method for unstructured construction workspaces that combines human perception, simple sensors, and descriptive CAD models. The rapid approach will be useful in construction to optimize automated equipment tasks and to significantly improve safety and a remote operator's spatial perception of the workspace. [source] EFNS guidelines on cognitive rehabilitation: report of an EFNS task forceEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 9 2005Members of the Task Force on Cognitive Rehabilitation Disorders of language, spatial perception, attention, memory, calculation and praxis are a frequent consequence of acquired brain damage [in particular, stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI)] and a major determinant of disability. The rehabilitation of aphasia and, more recently, of other cognitive disorders is an important area of neurological rehabilitation. We report here a review of the available evidence about effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation. Given the limited number and generally low quality of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in this area of therapeutic intervention, the Task Force considered, besides the available Cochrane reviews, evidence of lower classes which was critically analysed until a consensus was reached. In particular, we considered evidence from small group or single cases studies including an appropriate statistical evaluation of effect sizes. The general conclusion is that there is evidence to award a grade A, B or C recommendation to some forms of cognitive rehabilitation in patients with neuropsychological deficits in the post-acute stage after a focal brain lesion (stroke, TBI). These include aphasia therapy, rehabilitation of unilateral spatial neglect (ULN), attentional training in the post-acute stage after TBI, the use of electronic memory aids in memory disorders, and the treatment of apraxia with compensatory strategies. There is clearly a need for adequately designed studies in this area, which should take into account specific problems such as patient heterogeneity and treatment standardization. [source] Four-Month-Olds' Discrimination of Optic Flow Patterns Depicting Different Directions of Observer MotionINFANCY, Issue 2 2003Rick O. Gilmore One of the most powerful sources of information about spatial relationships available to mobile organisms is the pattern of visual motion called optic flow. Despite its importance for spatial perception and for guiding locomotion, very little is known about how the ability to perceive one's direction of motion, or heading, from optic flow develops early in life. In this article, we report the results of 3 experiments that tested the abilities of 4-month-old infants to discriminate optic flow patterns simulating different directions of self-motion. The combined results from 2 different experimental paradigms suggest that 4-month-olds discriminate optic flow patterns that simulate only large (> 32°) changes in the direction of the observer's motion through space. This suggests that prior to the onset of locomotion, there are limitations on infants' abilities to process patterns of optic flow related to self-motion. [source] SPACES OF DIZZINESS AND DREAD: NAVIGATING ACROPHOBIAGEOGRAFISKA ANNALER SERIES B: HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, Issue 4 2007Gavin J. Andrews ABSTRACT As part of emerging disciplinary interests in well-being and emotions, geographers have recently begun to pay attention to common but often neglected psychological conditions that have the potential to impact considerably upon individuals and their daily lives. Specifically extending the scope of geographical inquiry on phobias, this paper considers acrophobia (known as being scared of heights). Through interviews with ten sufferers, the spatial character and intensity of the condition is articulated. The findings tell us that underpinning acrophobia is mathematical height: the vertical elevation from the lowest possible resting point of the body to the point at which the symptoms of acrophobia occur. This point is however - even for each individual - highly variable, context dependant and, in terms of explanatory potential, does not convey personal experiences. Instead, the idea of ,encounter spaces' provides far greater elaboration. Created by sufferers ,dysfunctional' spatial perceptions, these are the occupied spaces of mixed emotional and physical responses (such as fear and rapid breathing) and reactionary practices that are tactical yet somewhat involuntary in nature (such as gripping tighter or getting lower). Depending on the particular circumstances, sufferers might choose to, feel forced to, or might inadvertently enter encounter spaces. Their impacts also extend beyond immediate effects to sufferers' longer term lives and well-being. This might be negatively impacted, for example, through cumulative encounters, worrying about potential encounters or missing out on life events. At this level, reactionary practices - again which are tactical yet somewhat involuntary - are often employed in order to avoid height. Ultimately, the overall impact of acrophobia on an individual depends on a number of factors including the severity of their condition, the attitudes of the people they associate with, their job, lifestyle and the environments which they have to, or would like to, frequent. Consequently, while some sufferers cope with ease, others constantly navigate the altitude of their lives. [source] | ||||||||||