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Bacterial Keratitis (bacterial + keratitis)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Bacterial keratitis: the clinical problem

ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2009
U PLEYER
[source]

Mycotic keratitis: an overview of diagnosis and therapy

MYCOSES, Issue 3 2008
P. K. Shukla
Summary The increased incidence of fungal infections in the recent past has been attributed to the increase in the number of human immunodeficiency virus-positive and AIDS patients. Early diagnosis of mycoses in patients is crucial for prompt antifungal therapy. The yield of clinical examination in the diagnosis of keratomycosis is 63,83% and KOH mount is 91%. This still highlights the limitation of routine clinical examination and smear examination, which is not performing 100% efficiently. It is for these 37%, 17% and 9% of cases, every day advanced technologies are called for. Those who deal with patient care are aware of certainties and uncertainties of results of clinical examination. The best reported figures at specialized centres might not translate into clinical practice. Another factor to be kept in mind is that many patients who come after secondary and tertiary referrals are already treated with antibiotics, antivirals, steroids and sometimes even antifungals that distort the clinical picture completely. Further, one has to consider as well the cases caused by yeast-like fungi, which resemble bacterial keratitis. Confirmation of diagnosis, not only in case of mycotic keratitis but also for other diseases, to initiate prompt and accurate therapy would avoid unnecessary and indiscriminate use of steroids/antibacterials/antivirals and antifungals. [source]

Animal models for the treatment of bacterial keratitis

ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2009
RP KOWALSKI
Rabbit models of bacterial keratitis have been used to evaluate the efficacy of anti-infectives in the clinical treatment of bacterial keratitis. These models can determine: 1) ocular toxicity and tolerance of anti-infectives to ocular tissue, 2) penetration of anti-infectives into the cornea, and 3) anti-bacterial efficacy of the anti-infectives to corneal bacterial pathogens. The current presentation will cover the structure and limitations of rabbit bacterial keratitis modeling using published data. Topics will include statistical design, the choice of bacterial pathogens, and positive aspects for possible systemic anti-infective development. [source]

Resisting susceptibility: bacterial keratitis and generations of antibiotics

CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY, Issue 1 2006
Charles NJ McGhee PhD FRCOphth
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Bacteria commonly isolated from keratitis specimens retain antibiotic susceptibility to fluoroquinolones and gentamicin plus cephalothin

CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY, Issue 1 2006
Cameron N Ly MB BS
Abstract Purpose:, Patients presenting with presumed infective keratitis were studied to determine predisposing factors, the current susceptibilities of the bacterial isolates to a range of relevant antibiotics, the success rate of topical antibiotic treatment of keratitis and predictors of failure of topical therapy. Methods:, Corneal scrapings taken from patients who presented between January 2002 and December 2003 to the Sydney Eye Hospital Emergency Department with keratitis were cultured. The minimum inhibitory concentration of selected antibiotics was determined for each bacterial isolate using an agar dilution technique. Results:, One hundred and twelve consecutive patients presented with corneal ulcers. Forty-seven of the 112 (42%) patients had a growth from the corneal scraping. Potential predisposing factors were identified in 64% of patients, most frequently contact lens wear (36% of patients). Coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most common species isolated. Other common organisms isolated include Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Corynebacterium spp., Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus spp. Conclusions:, Most microorganisms isolated from patients with bacterial keratitis showed susceptibility to ciprofloxacin and aminoglycosides. Cephalothin plus aminoglycoside constituted an effective initial broad-spectrum antibiotic combination. The success rate of topical antibiotic treatment of corneal abscess is 89%. Predictors of failure include older age group, medium or large ulcer, culture-negative keratitis, hypopyon and poor visual acuity. [source]