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Soluble Vascular Cell Adhesion (soluble + vascular_cell_adhesion)
Selected AbstractsSoluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 induces human eosinophil migrationALLERGY, Issue 5 2009S. Ueki Background:, Tissue eosinophilia is one of the hallmarks of allergic diseases and Th2-type immune responses including asthma. Adhesion molecules are known to play an important role in the accumulation of eosinophils in allergic inflammatory foci, and they contribute to eosinophil activation. Elevated levels of the soluble forms of adhesion molecules in the body fluid of asthmatic patients have been observed, although their pathophysiological significance remains to be fully elucidated. Methods:, Peripheral blood eosinophils were purified, and the effect of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) on eosinophil migration was investigated using in vitro systems. Results:, We found that sVCAM-1 (1 to 10 ,g/ml) induced eosinophil chemotaxis, rather than chemokinesis, in a concentration-dependent fashion. In addition, sVCAM-1 induced cell shape change and actin polymerization, which are necessary for cell movement. Manipulations with very late antigen (VLA)-4-neutralizing antibody and signal inhibitors indicated that the sVCAM-1-induced chemotaxis was mediated through ligand-dependent activation of tyrosine kinase Src, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) MAPK. Rapid phosphorylation of these signaling molecules was observed using a bead-based multiplex assay. Conclusion:, Our results raise the possibility of sVCAM-1 in the fluid phase as a significant contributor to the heightened eosinophilic inflammatory response. [source] Effect of raisin consumption on oxidative stress and inflammation in obesityDIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM, Issue 11 2008J. W. Rankin Aim:, Oxidative stress can initiate increased inflammation that elevates risk for cardiovascular disease. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of daily consumption of raisins on markers of oxidative stress, inflammation and endothelial activation in response to an acute high-fat meal in overweight individuals. Methods:, Seventeen overweight men and women consumed 90 g raisins or isocaloric placebo (264 kcal/day) for 14 days in a randomized, crossover design while following a low-flavonoid diet. The oxidative [urinary 8-iso-prostaglandin-F2, (8-epi PGF2,) and serum oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC)], inflammatory (serum C-reactive protein and interleukin-6), endothelial (serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, sVCAM-1) and metabolic [free fatty acids (FFAs), triacylglycerol, glucose and insulin] response to four high-fat (53%) meals was tested pre- and postintervention. Results:, Urinary 8-epi PGF2, decreased (,22%) and fasting ORAC increased (+3%) after both interventions combined. Fasting protein-free ORAC was modestly (+3.5%) higher during the raisin than the placebo intervention. Neither the meals nor the raisins consistently induced fasted markers of inflammation or endothelial dysfunction. Gender influenced postprandial metabolic responses in that males responded with higher serum FFAs, sVCAM-1 and glucose compared with females. Conclusions:, Serum antioxidant capacity was modestly increased by daily raisin consumption, but this did not alter fasted or postprandial inflammatory response in these relatively healthy but overweight individuals. Providing all food in regular pattern reduced measures of oxidative stress. [source] Changes in serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor , and adhesion molecules in normal pregnant women and those with pregnancy-induced hypertensionJOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY RESEARCH (ELECTRONIC), Issue 6 2003Keiichi Matsubara Abstract Aim:, To study whether serum tumor necrosis factor , gene (TNF,) and adhesion molecule levels are indicators of the onset of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), we compared levels of these molecules between normal pregnant women and PIH patients from the first to the third trimester. Methods:, We serially measured serum concentrations of TNF,, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) and soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) using enzyme immunoassay kits in 10 normal pregnant women and 10 pregnant women who developed PIH late in gestation. Results:, Serum TNF,, sICAM-1 and sE-selectin levels in PIH affected women were significantly higher from the first trimester compared with those in normal pregnancy. sVCAM-1 and sP-selectin levels were not significantly changed. Conclusion:, Serum TNF,, sE-selectin and sICAM-1 levels might be effective indicators of the onset of PIH. [source] Soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 induces human eosinophil migrationALLERGY, Issue 5 2009S. Ueki Background:, Tissue eosinophilia is one of the hallmarks of allergic diseases and Th2-type immune responses including asthma. Adhesion molecules are known to play an important role in the accumulation of eosinophils in allergic inflammatory foci, and they contribute to eosinophil activation. Elevated levels of the soluble forms of adhesion molecules in the body fluid of asthmatic patients have been observed, although their pathophysiological significance remains to be fully elucidated. Methods:, Peripheral blood eosinophils were purified, and the effect of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) on eosinophil migration was investigated using in vitro systems. Results:, We found that sVCAM-1 (1 to 10 ,g/ml) induced eosinophil chemotaxis, rather than chemokinesis, in a concentration-dependent fashion. In addition, sVCAM-1 induced cell shape change and actin polymerization, which are necessary for cell movement. Manipulations with very late antigen (VLA)-4-neutralizing antibody and signal inhibitors indicated that the sVCAM-1-induced chemotaxis was mediated through ligand-dependent activation of tyrosine kinase Src, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) MAPK. Rapid phosphorylation of these signaling molecules was observed using a bead-based multiplex assay. Conclusion:, Our results raise the possibility of sVCAM-1 in the fluid phase as a significant contributor to the heightened eosinophilic inflammatory response. [source] Leptin, soluble interleukin-6 receptor, C-reactive protein and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 levels in human coronary atherosclerotic plaqueCLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 3 2006M. Karaduman Summary The aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between tissue levels of leptin, soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R), high-sensitive-C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) in atherosclerotic plaques, and traditional risk factors. Coronary artery specimens were obtained from 35 consecutive patients (26 men and nine women) who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting procedure. The mean tissue levels of leptin, hs-CRP and sIL-6R were significantly higher in patients with diabetes mellitus than without diabetes mellitus. When patients were classified according to the smoking status, the mean tissue levels of leptin, hs-CRP and sIL-6R were significantly higher in current smokers than both former smokers and non-smokers. In addition, the mean tissue levels of leptin and sIL-6R were significantly higher in former smokers than non-smokers. There was a positive association between leptin and hs-CRP, sIL-6R and plasma glucose in all patients. Plasma HDL levels were associated negatively with atherosclerotic tissue levels of leptin. Tissue levels of sIL-6R were associated significantly in a positive manner with leptin, hs-CRP and plasma glucose, while tissue levels of hs-CRP were associated with both leptin and sIL-6R. In conclusion, it is attractive to speculate that hs-CRP, sIL-6R and leptin could act synergistically in course of local inflammatory activity and those molecules may not be just markers of inflammation and cardiovascular risk but are also likely to play a pathogenic role in atheromatous plaque. In addition, atherosclerotic tissue levels of CRP, sIL-6R and leptin were significantly higher in current smokers and patients with diabetes. [source] Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 serum level in patients with chest pain and normal coronary arteries (syndrome X)CLINICAL CARDIOLOGY, Issue 4 2001Dimitris Tousoulis M.D., Ph.D. Abstract Background: Plasma levels of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (IC AM-1) mediators of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelium may implicate in the pathogenesis of the syndrome of chest pain with normal coronary arteries. Hypothesis: We attempted to determine whether markers of endothelial activation are raised in patients with chest pain and normal coronary arteries. Methods: We measured plasma VCAM-1, ICAM-1 (ng/ml) in 36 patients (34 men, 2 women, aged 62 ± 9 years) with stable angina, coronary artery disease (CAD), and a positive response to exercise test; in 21 patients (6 men, 15 women, aged 56 ± 9 years) with chest pain and normal coronary arteriograms (syndrome X); and in 11 healthy control subjects (8 men, 3 women, aged 49 ± 14 years). Results: Plasma ICAM-1 levels were significantly higher both in patients with CAD (mean ± standard error of the mean) (328 ± 26, p<0.05), and in syndrome X (362 ± 22, p<0.01) than in controls (225 ± 29). VCAM-1 levels were also higher in syndrome X (656 ± 42 ng/ml) and in patients with CAD (626 ± 42 ng/ml) than in controls (551 ± 60, p=0.09). Conclusions: ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels are increased both in patients with CAD and with syndrome X compared with control individuals. These findings may suggest the presence of chronic inflammation with involvement of the endothelium in patients with anginal chest pain and normal coronary angiograms. [source] | ||||||||||