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Social Protection (social + protection)
Terms modified by Social Protection Selected AbstractsSOCIAL PROTECTION VIA RICE: THE OPK RICE SUBSIDY PROGRAM IN INDONESIATHE DEVELOPING ECONOMIES, Issue 3 2001Steven R. TABOR First page of article [source] Helping South Asia Cope Better with Natural Disasters: The Role of Social ProtectionDEVELOPMENT POLICY REVIEW, Issue 6 2007Rasmus Heltberg Social protection (income) support to households in the wake of major natural disasters is assuming a growing role for the World Bank, and major cash transfers in Turkey, Sri Lanka, the Maldives and Pakistan are reviewed in this article. Such support is usually best provided directly as cash to affected households; it complements other relief and reconstruction efforts, is demanded by client countries and has a positive impact on short-term food security and long-term recovery. It could be geared for greater impact and more efficient delivery in future by the use of a best-practice toolkit and a right-on-time technical assistance facility, and its integration in emergency preparedness and capacity-building for implementing agencies. [source] Social Protection: Defining the Field of Action and PolicyDEVELOPMENT POLICY REVIEW, Issue 5 2002Andy Norton This article reviews recent developments in the concept of social protection, beginning with an attempt to establish a working definition of the term. This is set in the context of globalisation and new thinking on connections between the management of vulnerability, risk and poverty on the one hand and long,term economic and social development on the other. The article identifies aspects of the debate which require further development, by exploring the relationship between social protection, equality, social cohesion and rights. It also reviews contemporary definitions of social protection in the policies of donors and international organisations, and summarises lessons to be learnt from experience to date with civil society practices and state policies in the developing world. [source] The Europeanisation of Social Protection , Edited by Jon Kvist and Juho SaariGOVERNANCE, Issue 3 2009LEANDRO N. CARRERA No abstract is available for this article. [source] Introduction: Overcoming Barriers to the Extension of Social Protection: Lessons from the Asia RegionIDS BULLETIN, Issue 4 2010Naila Kabeer The contributions to this IDS Bulletin report on some of the findings from research undertaken under the Social Protection in Asia programme. This is a three-year policy-oriented research and network building programme, funded by the Ford Foundation and IDRC, with project partners in China, Vietnam, Indonesia, India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. The research focuses on examining interventions aimed at extending social protection to those sections of the population, the majority in many Asian countries, who are excluded from formal social security systems. It has sought to identify and address barriers to the establishment of more comprehensive social protection systems that could address such difficult-to-reach groups. This issue of the IDS Bulletin brings together some initial reflections on the findings from this research. These relate to advocacy efforts to draw attention to those groups that have been largely invisible in the social protection agenda; to the importance of civil society and grassroots mobilisation in creating access to state provision and to lessons from social protection efforts to go to scale. These reflections are intended to feed into current debates about the design of appropriate social protection schemes that effectively meet identified needs. [source] Taking the Long View: What Does a Child Focus Add to Social Protection?IDS BULLETIN, Issue 1 2009Rachel Sabates-Wheeler Recognising that many indicators of vulnerability among children, such as malnutrition or poor educational performance, might reflect intergenerational problems has profound implications for the design and implementation of social protection programmes. Treating the symptoms of these problems is of course essential: a malnourished child needs immediate nutritional support and a child who is failing at school needs special attention. But the argument of this paper is that ,taking the long view' is imperative if the reasons why children are malnourished, or failing, are to be correctly identified and adequately addressed. Importantly, the analysis implies directing interventions not exclusively at the children who are at risk, but at others in society who are responsible for the care of children. [source] Economic Growth, Social Protection and ,Real' Labour Markets: Linking Theory and PolicyIDS BULLETIN, Issue 2 2008James Heintz First page of article [source] Revisiting Labour Markets: Implications for Macroeconomics and Social ProtectionIDS BULLETIN, Issue 2 2008James Heintz First page of article [source] Editorial Introduction: Debating Social ProtectionIDS BULLETIN, Issue 3 2007Stephen Devereux First page of article [source] Social Protection for Poverty Reduction: A Reply to KabeerIDS BULLETIN, Issue 3 2007Timo Voipio No abstract is available for this article. [source] Social Protection and the Labour Market in Latin America: What can be Learned from Household Surveys?INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL SECURITY REVIEW, Issue 2-3 2005Leonardo Gasparini Most social protection is provided through contribution-based programmes, which means that protection is usually linked to employment conditions in the formal economy. This article describes the levels, trends and structure of social protection for workers in Latin America, highlighting the relationship between protection and employment conditions. The study is based on a selection of household surveys carried out in various countries in the region: Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua and Peru. It emphasizes the usefulness of household surveys as sources of information for representative studies on social protection and employment, in spite of the problems of coverage and comparability that they raise. [source] The Role of Insurance in Social Protection in Latin AmericaINTERNATIONAL SOCIAL SECURITY REVIEW, Issue 2-3 2005Daniel Titelman Social protection schemes in Latin America face serious short falls in the financial resources available to meet their needs. New types of insurance envisaged in reforms should help to contain costs and increase coverage. However, in strengthening schemes' coverage it is highly probable that considerable demand for additional financial resources will arise to address the need to introduce the principle of solidarity into the system. This article examines reforms in the financing of social security for healthcare and pensions, highlighting the implications of various public-private combinations for financial management and coverage. [source] The Politics of Retrenchment: The Quandaries of Social Protection Under Military Rule in Chile, 1973,1990LATIN AMERICAN POLITICS AND SOCIETY, Issue 4 2001Rossana Castiglioni ABSTRACT Chile's military government replaced the country's universalistic social policy system with a set of market-oriented social policies. Taking evidence from three areas (pensions, education, and health care), this study seeks to explain why the military advanced a policy of deep retrenchment and why reform of health care was less thorough than it was in pensions and education. The radical transformation of policy relates to the breadth of power concentration enjoyed by General Pinochet and his economic team, the policymakers' ideological positions, and the role of veto players. The more limited reform of health care is linked to the actions of a powerful veto player, the professional association of physicians. [source] Social Protection in Vietnam and Obstacles to ProgressivityASIAN SOCIAL WORK AND POLICY REVIEW, Issue 1 2008Martin Evans The present paper analyzes the incidence and progressivity of Vietnamese state income transfers using survey data from the Vietnamese Household Living Standards Survey 2004. Data quality and sample selection issues are highlighted, especially in the coverage of rural-urban migrants. Simple income-based profiles of incidence are matched to several influences that confound and complicate the measurement of progressivity. The issue of the informal economy is highlighted through analysis of both the extent of private inter-household transfers and remittances and their relationship with state transfers, and in the informal charges that accompany uptake of state services and other petty corruption. Second, the issue of user-charges for health and education services is considered, as a considerable portion of state transfers are related to the take up of schooling and health care. Third, the issue of behavioral effects is also considered, concentrating on private inter-household transfers. The paper concludes by drawing together the evidence and the obstacles to measurement and progressivity to argue a range of data collection, methodological and policy recommendations. [source] Migration and Social Protection in China (Series on Contemporary China , Vol.ASIAN-PACIFIC ECONOMIC LITERATURE, Issue 2 2009By Ingrid Nielsen, Russell Smyth No abstract is available for this article. [source] ,Adaptive Social Protection': Synergies for Poverty ReductionIDS BULLETIN, Issue 4 2008Mark Davies First page of article [source] Helping South Asia Cope Better with Natural Disasters: The Role of Social ProtectionDEVELOPMENT POLICY REVIEW, Issue 6 2007Rasmus Heltberg Social protection (income) support to households in the wake of major natural disasters is assuming a growing role for the World Bank, and major cash transfers in Turkey, Sri Lanka, the Maldives and Pakistan are reviewed in this article. Such support is usually best provided directly as cash to affected households; it complements other relief and reconstruction efforts, is demanded by client countries and has a positive impact on short-term food security and long-term recovery. It could be geared for greater impact and more efficient delivery in future by the use of a best-practice toolkit and a right-on-time technical assistance facility, and its integration in emergency preparedness and capacity-building for implementing agencies. [source] Workers, worries and welfare states: Social protection and job insecurity in 15 OECD countriesEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF POLITICAL RESEARCH, Issue 2 2007CHRISTOPHER J. ANDERSON Based on data on people's attitudes toward their job as well as levels of and kinds of social protection collected in 15 OECD countries, it shows that there are distinct manifestations of job insecurity that are affected differently by distinct aspects of social protection programs. While the analysis shows that social protection measures reduce employment insecurity, it also reveals that overall levels welfare state generosity do not have any systematic effect on whether workers feel secure. The article's findings suggest the need to decompose the different components of employment insecurity as well as disaggregate national systems of social protection when examining the impact of welfare states on job insecurity. [source] Social protection in Chile: Reforms to improve equityINTERNATIONAL LABOUR REVIEW, Issue 4 2008Carmelo MESA-LAGO Abstract. At the beginning of the 1980s, Chile pioneered the implementation in Latin America of structural reforms that fully or partially privatized pensions, health-care and social assistance systems. Implemented without prior social dialogue, these reforms , which subsequently influenced similar reforms in other countries of the region and elsewhere , led to reduced social solidarity and equity and intensified poverty and inequality. Over the past 18 years, however, democratic governments have corrected many design faults in the original reforms. The author examines the progress achieved and areas of persistent social inequality in terms of coverage, gender balance and funding, and identifies future challenges. [source] Social protection and poverty in Azerbaijan, a low-income country in transition: Implications of a household surveyINTERNATIONAL SOCIAL SECURITY REVIEW, Issue 4 2007Nazim Habibov Using a nationally representative survey, this study examines the performance of social protection in Azerbaijan from the perspective of poverty reduction. Empirical evidence presented suggests that social protection programmes have an important impact on poverty alleviation. However, poverty is still widespread. The findings demonstrate that the current system of social protection has several important limitations. First, a significant proportion of the poor population is not covered by the social protection system. Second, the poor typically receive a smaller share of total benefits than the non-poor. Finally, most social transfers are too small to lift households out of poverty. The current system of social protection in Azerbaijan requires further strengthening. In particular, the government should develop and implement new social assistance programmes specifically directed towards poverty reduction. [source] Social protection in Europe: A European trade union perspectiveINTERNATIONAL SOCIAL SECURITY REVIEW, Issue 1 2003Martin Hutsebaut Governments and social partners in the European Union (EU) look for ways and means to adapt welfare systems to new needs, to keep expenditure under control, and to find alternative and supplementary financial resources in order to cope with future financial commitments. The EU is actively involved in the search for solutions to these common problems. It becomes more and more evident that only an active economic, budgetary, taxation and social policy mix can provide a solid base for safeguarding social systems. The author presents the most recent figures relating to actual and future social protection expenditure in the EU, disaggregated according to function and showing significant differences between gross and net figures. Attention is also paid to coverage and replacement rates of social benefits and to the availability of social infrastructures. The article then shows the shifts in implicit tax rates on labour in comparison with the rate on other factors. The conclusion outlines a European trade union view on the future of social protection in Europe and suggests possible issues for social benchmarking. [source] The ,Neoliberal Turn' and the New Social Policy in Latin America: How Neoliberal, How New?DEVELOPMENT AND CHANGE, Issue 5 2008Maxine Molyneux ABSTRACT The term neoliberal is widely used as shorthand to describe the policy environment of the last three decades. Yet the experience of the Latin American region suggests that it is too broad a descriptor for what is in fact a sequenced, fragmented and politically indeterminate process. This article examines the evolution of social protection in the region, and argues for a more grounded, historical approach to neoliberalism, and for some analytic refinement to capture the different ,moments' in its policy evolution, its variant regional modalities, and its co-existence with earlier policies and institutional forms. It suggests that totalizing conceptions of neoliberalism as imposing an inexorable market logic with predetermined social and political outcomes fail to capture the variant modalities, adaptations and indeed resistance to the global diffusion of the structural reforms. This article outlines the systems of social welfare prevailing in Latin America prior to the reforms, and then examines the principle elements of what has been termed the ,New Social Policy' in Latin America, engaging three issues: the periodization of neoliberalism; the role of the state; and the place of politics in the neoliberal reform agenda. [source] Social Protection: Defining the Field of Action and PolicyDEVELOPMENT POLICY REVIEW, Issue 5 2002Andy Norton This article reviews recent developments in the concept of social protection, beginning with an attempt to establish a working definition of the term. This is set in the context of globalisation and new thinking on connections between the management of vulnerability, risk and poverty on the one hand and long,term economic and social development on the other. The article identifies aspects of the debate which require further development, by exploring the relationship between social protection, equality, social cohesion and rights. It also reviews contemporary definitions of social protection in the policies of donors and international organisations, and summarises lessons to be learnt from experience to date with civil society practices and state policies in the developing world. [source] Safety Nets and Opportunity Ladders: Addressing Vulnerability and Enhancing Productivity in South AsiaDEVELOPMENT POLICY REVIEW, Issue 5 2002Naila Kabeer As patterns of poverty and vulnerability in South Asia change, households have to balance immediate needs and long,term goals. For the poor, these choices, and the costs of precautionary measures, are particularly acute and call for suitable government policies. While policy,makers face a number of trade,offs between promotion, prevention and protection goals, careful design can maximise the potential to reconcile these objectives. A review of experience suggests a number of lessons regarding the relative benefits of targeted and universal programmes; the need to differentiate microfinance products for different groups amongst the poor; ways of basing the self,targeting of public works on rights rather than stigma; and the influence of political processes (such as decentralisation) for the overall effectiveness of social protection. [source] Workers, worries and welfare states: Social protection and job insecurity in 15 OECD countriesEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF POLITICAL RESEARCH, Issue 2 2007CHRISTOPHER J. ANDERSON Based on data on people's attitudes toward their job as well as levels of and kinds of social protection collected in 15 OECD countries, it shows that there are distinct manifestations of job insecurity that are affected differently by distinct aspects of social protection programs. While the analysis shows that social protection measures reduce employment insecurity, it also reveals that overall levels welfare state generosity do not have any systematic effect on whether workers feel secure. The article's findings suggest the need to decompose the different components of employment insecurity as well as disaggregate national systems of social protection when examining the impact of welfare states on job insecurity. [source] Introduction: Overcoming Barriers to the Extension of Social Protection: Lessons from the Asia RegionIDS BULLETIN, Issue 4 2010Naila Kabeer The contributions to this IDS Bulletin report on some of the findings from research undertaken under the Social Protection in Asia programme. This is a three-year policy-oriented research and network building programme, funded by the Ford Foundation and IDRC, with project partners in China, Vietnam, Indonesia, India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. The research focuses on examining interventions aimed at extending social protection to those sections of the population, the majority in many Asian countries, who are excluded from formal social security systems. It has sought to identify and address barriers to the establishment of more comprehensive social protection systems that could address such difficult-to-reach groups. This issue of the IDS Bulletin brings together some initial reflections on the findings from this research. These relate to advocacy efforts to draw attention to those groups that have been largely invisible in the social protection agenda; to the importance of civil society and grassroots mobilisation in creating access to state provision and to lessons from social protection efforts to go to scale. These reflections are intended to feed into current debates about the design of appropriate social protection schemes that effectively meet identified needs. [source] Decentralization and health care in the former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT, Issue 1 2006Sonia Menon Abstract Since its independence in 1991, the Republic of Macedonia became a highly centralized state, with most relevant decisions taken at the central level in Skopje, resembling the highly centralized system, which once characterized Former Yugoslavia. As agreed in the Framework Agreement, which ended six months of internal conflict, the Macedonian Government will decentralize public services delivery, including social protection, health, education, and infrastructure over the course of the next few years. Within health care, it is argued that by placing policy-making authority and operating control closer to the client, decentralization will reduce some of the inequities in service provision and inefficiencies present within the current centrally controlled system. In principle, local voters will have more information on the price and quality of services, thereby increasing competition in the sector and strengthening the private sector. The emphasis on market incentives resulting in greater efficiency and better management of health care institutions is viewed as one of the benefits of privatization. Critics of decentralization and the subsequent privatization of public services fear it may result in an erosion of quality and consistency across regions, leaving some regions, cities, villages and potentially vulnerable groups worse off than others. The paper argues that if the institutional weaknesses in Macedonia have not been addressed, decentralisation could result in further excluding the rural population from health care provision. Similarly, the need for a clear delineation of responsibilities and functions among different levels and institutions is outlined. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] The reform of the developmental welfare state in East AsiaINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL WELFARE, Issue 2009Huck-ju Kwon This article examines social policy reforms in East Asia and whether the welfare states in the region became more inclusive in terms of social protection while maintaining their developmental credentials. It draws on findings from the United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD) project on social policy in East Asia, covering China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China, Japan, Malaysia, the Republic of Korea, Singapore, Taiwan Province of China, and Thailand. It shows that East Asian economies responded differently to the crisis in terms of welfare reform. While Singapore and Hong Kong maintained the basic structure of the selective developmental welfare state, Korea, Taiwan, and, to a lesser extent, Thailand implemented social policy reforms toward a more inclusive one. Despite such different responses, policy changes are explained by the proposition of the developmental welfare state: the instrumentality of social policy for economic development and realization of policy changes through democratization (or the lack of it). [source] New avenues to be opened for social protection in the Arab world: the case of Egypt,INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL WELFARE, Issue 1 2004Markus Loewe This article looks at social protection in the Arab world. Giving the example of Egypt, it asks why poverty is so widespread and why , despite the country's numerous social protection systems , social risks are a major contributing factor to it. It concludes that reforms are due. The existing systems are well funded but inefficient and more to the benefit of the better-off than the poor. A reform approach is proposed which builds on both conventional and more innovative strategies: campaigns should be launched to raise public awareness of social risks; social assistance spending should be increased; and the operating public pension schemes should be reformed. At the same time, new avenues have to be opened to meet the specific needs of informal sector workers who have extreme difficulty in being covered by social insurance or social assistance. To this purpose, micro-insurance is a promising approach for the Arab-world region. [source] Balancing work and welfare: activation and flexicurity policies in The Netherlands, 1980,2000INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL WELFARE, Issue 1 2004Wim Van Oorschot As a result of the flexibilisation of labour and the trend towards the ,activating welfare state', social policies show an increasing interconnection of work and welfare issues. The Netherlands is no exception. It is generally believed that the Dutch welfare state is successfully activating its unemployed labour potential (often referred to as the ,Dutch Miracle'), and that flexible and part-time work is protected by adequate ,flexicurity'. This article critically reviews Dutch activation and flexicurity policies. It concludes that there is still more unemployment than the miracle-story suggests; that important target groups of activation policies have not profited from ,the miracle'; that part-time workers have sufficient social protection but that social security for flex-workers still needs major improvements, despite favourable adjustments of labour law. [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||