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Social Involvement (social + involvement)
Selected AbstractsThe Cost-Effectiveness of Supported Employment for People with Severe Intellectual Disabilities and High Support Needs: a Pilot StudyJOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, Issue 1 2000Julia Shearn The costs and outcomes of supporting seven people with severe intellectual disabilities and high support needs in part-time employment were compared with those of a Special Needs Unit (SNU) of a day centre, both within-subject and against an equal-sized comparison group. The income of those employed was described. Direct observation of the employment activities and representative SNU activities were undertaken to assess participant engagement in activity and receipt of assistance, social contact in general and social contact from people other than paid staff. Costs of providing service support were calculated taking account of staff : service user ratios, staff identities and wage rates and service-administrative and management overheads. Employment was associated with greater receipt of assistance, higher task-related engagement in activity and more social contact from people other than paid staff. SNU activities were associated with greater receipt of social contact. Supporting people in employment was more expensive than in the SNU. Cost-effectiveness ratios of producing assistance and engagement in activities were equivalent across the comparative contexts. The SNU was more cost-effective in producing social involvement; employment in producing social contact from people other than paid staff. [source] Defining the nature of participation in rural Australian communities: A qualitative approachJOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 6 2002Sheridan J. Coakes Within the literature, theories and analyses of social involvement or participation have focussed primarily on the political and formal role of participation within the community or neighborhood. This study illustrates, through qualitative inquiry, that within small rural communities, individuals find it difficult to separate formal and informal participation, when both have an equally important role to play in community life. Fifty-five structured interviews were conducted with women across six rural shires in the southwest region of Western Australia. Qualitative analysis revealed that approximately 50% of women, when asked about their involvement in their community, referred initially to their informal participation within the community, rather than their participation in formal community groups or associations. These results are discussed in relation to life in small rural towns. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Student interest generated during an inquiry skills lessonJOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN SCIENCE TEACHING, Issue 2 2009David H. Palmer Abstract "Situational interest" is a short-term form of motivation which occurs when a specific situation stimulates the focused attention of students (e.g., a spectacular science demonstration could arouse transient interest amongst nearly all the students in a class, even those who are not normally interested in science). However, there have been very few studies of situational interest and its potential to motivate students in science classrooms. The purpose of this project was to investigate situational interest and its sources. Small groups of grade 9 students participated in a science lesson which focused on inquiry skills, and data were obtained on their interest levels and sources of interest. The results indicated that interest arousal was substantial but did fluctuate throughout the lesson, according to the types of activities in which students were involved. The main source of interest was novelty, although choice, physical activity, and social involvement were also implicated. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 46: 147,165, 2009 [source] Resilience in Homeless Youth: The Key Role of Self-EsteemAMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPSYCHIATRY, Issue 2 2008CPRP, Sean Kidd PhD This study examined the protective role of self-esteem, social involvement, and secure attachment among homeless youths. These protective factors were examined as they ameliorate risks among 208 homeless youths surveyed in New York City and Toronto. Both mental and physical health indicators were employed in this study, including loneliness, feeling trapped, suicidal ideation, subjective health status, and substance use. Self-esteem emerged as a key protective factor, predicting levels of loneliness, feeling trapped, and suicide ideation, and buffering against the deleterious effect of fearful attachment on loneliness. Findings highlight the role of the self-concept in risk and resilience among homeless youth. [source] The Environmental Health Engagement Profile: What People Think and Do About Environmental HealthPUBLIC HEALTH NURSING, Issue 5 2009Jane K. Dixon ABSTRACT Objectives: To develop and validate the Environmental Health Engagement Profile (EHEP),an instrument for assessing the way people engage with environmental health issues, including people's experience of environmental health hazards, the assumptions concerning the risks involved, and the actions taken either individually or collectively in their communities. Design and Sample: This instrument development study was conducted in an urban area with varying levels of health-related environmental concerns. First, qualitative interviews with 41 residents informed development of items. Next, the items were evaluated by 28 expert reviewers. Finally, validity was assessed from responses of 433 residents who completed the instrument and other measures by telephone interview. Measures: For assessing validity of EHEP, data were also collected concerning demographic characteristics, social involvements, goodness of life, and self-ratings of health. Results: Through factor analysis, 5 subscales were identified,named Pollution Sensitivity Scale (,=.91), Pollution-Causes-Illness Scale (,=.84), Pollution Acceptance Scale (,=.67), Community Environment Action Scale (,=.79), and Personal Environmental Action Scale (,=.63). Patterns of correlations of these scales with age, and measures of odor sensitivity, social involvement, and goodness of life provided evidence of construct validity. Conclusions: These results provide beginning evidence for the reliability and validity of the EHEP. Thus, public health nurses and others may use this instrument to assess people's concerns about environmental health, and resulting actions,and to support strategies for advising people and communities on protecting their health. [source] | ||||||||||