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Sodium P (sodium + p)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Polymers and Materials Science	50%
Chemistry	50%

Selected Abstracts

Electro-synthesized PEDOT/glutamate chemically modified electrode: a combination of electrical and biocompatible features

POLYMER INTERNATIONAL, Issue 5 2008
Jianfei Che
Abstract BACKGROUND: Neural prosthetic devices have been developed that can facilitate the stimulation and recording of electrical activity when implanted in the central nervous system. The key parts of the devices are metal (gold) electrodes; however, surface modification of the gold electrode is desired. Conducting polymers are promising candidates for this purpose. RESULTS: A conducting polymer, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), was electro-polymerized onto gold electrodes with a neural transmitter of glutamate (Glu) as dopant. A protocol of ion exchange was employed due to the difficulty of direct incorporation of Glu into PEDOT. Sodium p -toluenesulfonate (TSNa) was chosen as the first dopant and subsequent incorporation of Glu was accomplished via ion exchange. The electrochemical properties of the resultant PEDOT/Glu were studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The purpose of incorporating Glu was to improve the biocompatibility of the coated electrode. The PEDOT/Glu-coated electrode showed better cell attachment compared with a PEDOT/TSNa-coated electrode in in vitro cell culture of PC12. The stability of PEDOT was studied by immersing the coated electrode in a biologically relevant reducing agent of glutathione. CONCLUSION: The charge capacity of the coated electrode had an initial slight decrease and then remained unchanged. Good electro-activity was conserved, indicating the superior stability of PEDOT in the biological environment. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry [source]

Synthesis of 13C3 -hydroxyacetone

JOURNAL OF LABELLED COMPOUNDS AND RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS, Issue 9 2003
Christopher W. Dicus
Abstract 13C3 -Hydroxyacetone is prepared in three steps from 13C2 -2-bromoacetic acid. Bromide displacement by sodium p -methoxybenzyl alkoxide followed by treatment of the carboxylic acid with 13C-methyl lithium furnishes PMB-protected hydroxyacetone. Deprotection using DDQ delivers the title compound. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Polymerization of substituted phenylacetylenes with a novel, water-soluble Rh,vinyl complex in water

JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE (IN TWO SECTIONS), Issue 9 2004
Keiji Kanki
Abstract A novel, water-soluble Rh complex, (nbd)Rh[PPh2(m -NaOSO2C6H4)] [C(Ph)CPh2] (1) was synthesized by the reaction of [(nbd)RhCl]2, Ph2P(m -NaOSO2C6H4) and Ph2CC(Ph)Li, whose structure was determined by NMR and IR spectroscopies. The Rh catalyst 1 induced the polymerization of phenylacetylene (PA) in water to give two kinds of polymers; one was soluble in organic solvents such as tetrahydrofuran (THF) and CHCl3, and the other was insoluble in common organic solvents. The polymerization of sodium p -ethynylbenzoate (p -NaOCO-PA) homogeneously proceeded with 1 in water at 60 °C to give the polymer in high yield. Poly(p -NaOCO-PA) was treated with 1 N HCl and then reacted with (CH3)3SiCHN2 to obtain poly(p -MeOCO-PA). The methyl-esterified polymer was insoluble in THF and CHCl3, which suggests that the formed poly(p -MeOCO-PA) has cis,cisoidal structure. The polymer obtained from the polymerization of [p -CH3(OCH2CH2)2O2CC6H4]CCH with 1 in water was soluble in methanol, ethanol, and THF, and partly soluble in water. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 2100,2105, 2004 [source]

Selective Binding of Imidazolium Cations in Building Multi-Component Layers

CHEMISTRY - A EUROPEAN JOURNAL, Issue 23 2010
Irene Ling
Abstract Addition of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium (Cn -mim) cations 3,5 to a mixture of bis-phosphonium cation 2 and sodium p -sulfonatocalix[4]arene (1) in the presence of lanthanide ions results in the selective binding of an imidazolium cation into the cavity of the calixarene. The result is a multi-layered solid material with an inherently flexible interplay of the components. Incorporating ethyl-, n -butyl- or n -hexyl-mim cations into the multi-layers results in significant perturbation of the structure, the most striking effect is the tilting of the plane of the bowl-shaped calixarene relative to the plane of the multi-layer, with tilt angles of 7.2, 28.9 and 65.5°, respectively. The lanthanide ions facilitate complexation, but are not incorporated into the structures and, in all cases, the calixarene takes on a 5, charge, with one of the lower-rim phenolic groups deprotonated. ROESY NMR experiments and other 1H,NMR spectroscopy studies establish the formation of 1:1 supermolecules of Cn -mim and calixarene, regardless of the ratio of the two components, and indicate that the supermolecules undergo rapid exchange on the NMR spectroscopy timescale. [source]