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Sodium Chlorite (sodium + chlorite)
Selected AbstractsACIDIFIED SODIUM CHLORITE, TRISODIUM PHOSPHATE AND POPULATIONS OF SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ON CHICKEN-BREAST SKINJOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION, Issue 2 2006HAYDAR ÖZDEM ABSTRACT The present study was designed to determine the individual and combined effects of acidified sodium chlorite (ASC) and trisodium phosphate (TSP) antimicrobial treatments. Chicken-skin samples inoculated with Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus were separately dipped into sterile tap water, 10% TSP, 0.1% ASC, 0.1% ASC followed by 10% TSP and 10% TSP followed by 0.1% ASC for 15 s at 25C ± 1. On day 0, reductions were 1.4,1.6 log for S. Typhimurium and 1.1,2.1 log for S. aureus, while they were 1.8,2.9 and 0.7,1.7 log, respectively, on day 5 of storage. Results indicated that treatment with ASC solution alone was more effective than treatment with ASC and TSP solutions combined in reducing S. aureus populations on chicken skin during the entire storage period. Similarly, treatment with TSP solution alone was more effective than treatment with ASC and TSP solutions combined in reducing S. typhimurium populations on chicken skin on days 1, 3 and 5 of storage. [source] Acidified Sodium Chlorite as an Alternative to Chlorine for Elimination of Salmonella on Alfalfa SeedsJOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 4 2009C.-H. Liao ABSTRACT:, The health and environmental hazard associated with the use of chlorine for food processing has been documented previously. This study was conducted to determine if acidified sodium chlorite (ASC) could be used to replace calcium hypochlorite (Ca[OCl]2) for disinfection of alfalfa seeds. Contaminated seeds containing approximately 1.5 × 107 CFU/g of Salmonella were treated with ASC or Ca(OCl)2 at different concentrations and for different periods of time. Results showed that the efficacy of ASC and Ca(OCl)2 for elimination of Salmonella on contaminated seeds could be improved greatly by extending the treatment time from the traditional 15 to 45 min. Treatment of seeds with 800 ppm of ASC for 45 min reduced the number of Salmonella by 3.9 log units, approximately 1.2 log units higher than that treated with 20000 ppm of Ca(OCl)2. Treatment of seeds with a lower concentration (100 to 400 ppm) of ASC for 45 min reduced the number of Salmonella by 1.3 to 2.2 log units. Soaking alfalfa seeds in 800 ppm of ASC for 45 min did not affect seed germination. However, soaking seeds in 20000 ppm of Ca(OCl)2 for 45 min reduced seed germination by 20%. Unlike Ca(OCl)2, antimicrobial efficiency of ASC was not affected by pre-exposure to alfalfa seeds. Data presented also showed that Salmonella on newly inoculated seeds that had been stored at 4 °C for less than 7 d were more sensitive to sanitizer treatment than those on seeds that had been stored for 4 wk or longer. [source] Determination of refractory organic matter in marine sediments by chemical oxidation, analytical pyrolysis and solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE, Issue 3 2008J. M. De La Rosa Summary Seeking to quantify the amount of refractory organic matter (ROM), which includes black carbon-like material (BC), in marine sediments, we have applied a two-step procedure that consists of a chemical oxidation with sodium chlorite of the demineralized sediments followed by integration of the aromatic C region in the remaining residues by solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The efficacy for lignin removal was tested by analytical pyrolysis in the presence of tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide (TMAH). Riverine, estuarine and offshore marine sediment samples were collected from the southwest Atlantic coast of Spain, a site of geological and environmental interest. Measured contents of BC-like material ranged between 3.0 and 45.7% of the total organic carbon. Greater relative BC contents were found in riverine sediments close to urban areas, which show an elevated input of anthropogenic organic material. The contents of BC-like material in offshore marine sediments (5.5,6.1%) were similar to those previously reported for these kinds of samples. However, NMR and pyrolysis-GC/MS of the isolated ROM reveals that abundant refractory aliphatic organic material remains in most of the marine samples after chlorite oxidation. We suggest that this pool of aliphatic carbon may play an important role as a stable carbon pool within the global C cycle. [source] ACIDIFIED SODIUM CHLORITE, TRISODIUM PHOSPHATE AND POPULATIONS OF SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ON CHICKEN-BREAST SKINJOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION, Issue 2 2006HAYDAR ÖZDEM ABSTRACT The present study was designed to determine the individual and combined effects of acidified sodium chlorite (ASC) and trisodium phosphate (TSP) antimicrobial treatments. Chicken-skin samples inoculated with Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus were separately dipped into sterile tap water, 10% TSP, 0.1% ASC, 0.1% ASC followed by 10% TSP and 10% TSP followed by 0.1% ASC for 15 s at 25C ± 1. On day 0, reductions were 1.4,1.6 log for S. Typhimurium and 1.1,2.1 log for S. aureus, while they were 1.8,2.9 and 0.7,1.7 log, respectively, on day 5 of storage. Results indicated that treatment with ASC solution alone was more effective than treatment with ASC and TSP solutions combined in reducing S. aureus populations on chicken skin during the entire storage period. Similarly, treatment with TSP solution alone was more effective than treatment with ASC and TSP solutions combined in reducing S. typhimurium populations on chicken skin on days 1, 3 and 5 of storage. [source] Acidified Sodium Chlorite as an Alternative to Chlorine for Elimination of Salmonella on Alfalfa SeedsJOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 4 2009C.-H. Liao ABSTRACT:, The health and environmental hazard associated with the use of chlorine for food processing has been documented previously. This study was conducted to determine if acidified sodium chlorite (ASC) could be used to replace calcium hypochlorite (Ca[OCl]2) for disinfection of alfalfa seeds. Contaminated seeds containing approximately 1.5 × 107 CFU/g of Salmonella were treated with ASC or Ca(OCl)2 at different concentrations and for different periods of time. Results showed that the efficacy of ASC and Ca(OCl)2 for elimination of Salmonella on contaminated seeds could be improved greatly by extending the treatment time from the traditional 15 to 45 min. Treatment of seeds with 800 ppm of ASC for 45 min reduced the number of Salmonella by 3.9 log units, approximately 1.2 log units higher than that treated with 20000 ppm of Ca(OCl)2. Treatment of seeds with a lower concentration (100 to 400 ppm) of ASC for 45 min reduced the number of Salmonella by 1.3 to 2.2 log units. Soaking alfalfa seeds in 800 ppm of ASC for 45 min did not affect seed germination. However, soaking seeds in 20000 ppm of Ca(OCl)2 for 45 min reduced seed germination by 20%. Unlike Ca(OCl)2, antimicrobial efficiency of ASC was not affected by pre-exposure to alfalfa seeds. Data presented also showed that Salmonella on newly inoculated seeds that had been stored at 4 °C for less than 7 d were more sensitive to sanitizer treatment than those on seeds that had been stored for 4 wk or longer. [source] Sanitation Procedure Affects Biochemical and Nutritional Changes of Shredded CarrotsJOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 2 2007Saúl Ruiz-Cruz ABSTRACT:, Fresh-cut vegetables are considered convenient but with less nutritional quality compared to raw natural produce. Carrots are highly appreciated because of their carotene and antioxidant nutrients, but processing requires an appropriate sanitation procedure that ensures microbiological safety to consumers. The effect of the sanitation processing on the nutritional composition of shredded carrots was studied. Treatments tested were tap water, 200 ppm sodium hypochlorite (Cl), 40 ppm peroxyacetic acid (PA), and 100, 250, and 500 ppm acidified sodium chlorite (ASC). Measured parameters were oxygen radical absorbing capacity (ORAC), total phenolics and carotenoids, sugars, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and peroxidase (POD) activity. Shredded carrots sanitized with ASC retained higher levels of sugars, carotene, and antioxidant capacity. ASC also delayed the PAL and POD activity. These results show the importance of evaluating nutritional parameters during processing stages, since minimal processing does not necessarily imply loss of nutritional value. Furthermore, the availability of fresh-cut produce may increase the intake of nutrients, with a positive effect on health. [source] | ||||||||||