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Small Artery Elasticity (small_artery + elasticity)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Subclinical vascular alterations in young adults with type 1 diabetes detected by arterial tonometry

DIABETES/METABOLISM: RESEARCH AND REVIEWS, Issue 8 2009
I. Barchetta
Abstract Background Diabetes mellitus is characterized by a very high prevalence of atherosclerotic disease. Aims of this study were to determine arterial compliance parameters in type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients as an expression of early pre-clinical endothelial dysfunction and to evaluate the impact of glucose exposure parameters such as the duration of diabetes and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) on the risk of developing alterations in vascular compliance. Methods 23 patients with uncomplicated type 1 diabetes (mean age: 32.78 ± 9.06 years, mean disease duration: 10.78 ± 7.51 years, mean HbA1c levels: 7.7 ± 1.9) and 26 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects (mean age: 32.3 ± 8.51 years) were recruited. In these subjects, we evaluated arterial compliance by calibrated tonometry (HDI/PulsewaveÔ CR-2000). Parameters included the following: large artery elasticity (C1), small artery elasticity (C2), systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and total vascular impedance (TVI). Results Patients with longer duration of T1D (>10 years) showed significant alterations in C2 (4.97 ± 2.7 mL/mmHg × 100) and in SVR (1464.67 ± 169.16 dina × s × cm,5) when compared with both healthy individuals (C2: 8.28 ± 2.67 mL/mmHg × 100, p = 0.001; SVR: 1180.58 ± 151.55 dina × s × cm,5, p = 0.01) and patients with recent-onset disease (,10 years) (C2: 10.02 ± 3.6 mL/mmHg × 100, p < 0.001; SVR: 1124.18 ± 178.5 dina × s × cm,5, p < 0.000). Both disease duration and HbA1c independently predicted impaired arterial compliance. Conclusions Young adult T1D patients with no signs of disease complication have detectable vessel wall abnormalities, particularly of small arteries, suggestive of hyperglycaemia-related early endothelial dysfunction. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Identifying Early Cardiovascular Disease to Target Candidates for Treatment

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPERTENSION, Issue 3 2008
Daniel A. Duprez MD
Most attempts to identify individuals at risk for cardiovascular morbid events have involved screening for risk factors. These traditional risk factors do not identify the underlying atherosclerotic disease nor assess the severity of disease in individual patients. The goal for identifying a marker or markers for early cardiovascular disease that could serve as a surrogate for disease progression and ultimate morbid events is to improve the precision for early detection and treatment. The authors utilize a variety of techniques, which consist of 7 vascular tests (large and small artery elasticity, resting blood pressure and exercise blood pressure response, optic fundus photography, carotid intimal-media thickness, and microalbuminuria) and 3 cardiac tests (electrocardiography, [N-terminal pro-] B-type natriuretic peptide, and left ventricular ultrasonography). Each test is individually scored, and the total disease score is the sum of all the test scores. A study is ongoing to compare the new disease score vs the classical Framingham risk estimate in the prediction of cardiovascular events. [source]

Relationship Between Glycosylated Hemoglobin and Arterial Elasticity

PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY, Issue 3 2006
L. Michael Prisant MD
Arterial elasticity is decreased in diabetes, but it is unclear whether there is a relationship between glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and arterial elasticity. To evaluate this question, 111 subjects with diabetes mellitus had HbA1c and arterial elasticity determined in an academic outpatient setting. Three measurements of arterial elasticity indices were obtained supine using the HDI/PulseWave CR-2000 Research Cardiovascular Profiling System (Hypertension Diagnostics Inc., Eagan, MN). The study population was 49% black and 51% women. Population characteristics included age, 49.2 years; duration of diabetes, 12.1 years; HbA1c, 8.9%; large artery elasticity, 11.8 mL/mm Hg × 10; and small artery elasticity, 4.7 mL/mm Hg × 100. Age correlated with diminished large artery elasticity. Women had a lower large artery elasticity than men (10.6 vs. 13.3 mL/mm Hg × 10; p=0.0002). Decreasing small artery elasticity was associated with increasing age (p=0.0001), HbA1c (p=0.0184), and African-American ethnicity (p=0.0306). Women had less small artery elasticity than men (3.8 vs. mL/mm Hg × 100; p=0.0001). Black diabetic patients had a reduced arterial elasticity compared with whites. Increasing HbA1c is associated with decreasing small artery elasticity, but not large artery elasticity. In diabetic patients, small artery elasticity is reduced to a greater extent in women than men and in blacks than whites. [source]