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Skin Type IV (skin + type_iv)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	100%

Kinds of Skin Type IV

fitzpatrick skin type iv

Selected Abstracts

Minimally Ablative Erbium:YAG Laser Resurfacing of Facial Atrophic Acne Scars in Asian Skin: A Pilot Study

DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 5 2008
YONG-KWANG TAY MD
BACKGROUND Atrophic scars are dermal depressions caused by collagen damage most commonly occurring after inflammatory acne vulgaris. There are little published data regarding the effectiveness and safety of minimally invasive lasers in the treatment of atrophic acne scars in darker skin types. OBJECTIVE The purpose was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a low-fluence 2,940-nm erbium:YAG laser in the treatment of atrophic acne scars in Asian patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nine patients aged 19 to 45 years with mild to moderate atrophic facial scars and Skin Types IV and V were treated with topical anesthesia and one to two passes with an erbium:YAG laser two times at 1-month intervals. Treatment parameters were 6-mm spot size, fluence of 400 mJ, pulse duration of 300 ,s, and repetition rate of 2 Hz. RESULTS At 2 months after the last treatment, mild to moderate clinical improvement was noted in all patients compared to baseline. Treatment was well tolerated. Side effects consisted of posttreatment erythema, peeling, and crusting, which resolved within 1 to 2 weeks. There was no postinflammatory hyper- or hypopigmentation, blistering, or hypertrophic scarring. CONCLUSION Low-fluence erbium:YAG facial resurfacing was effective and safe in patients with mild to moderately severe atrophic acne scarring. [source]

Lactic Acid Chemical Peels as a New Therapeutic Modality in Melasma in Comparison to Jessner's Solution Chemical Peels

DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 12 2006
KHALIFA E. SHARQUIE MBCHB
BACKGROUND Many chemicals have been used in the skin peeling for melasma such as Jessner's solution and glycolic acid. Lactic acid is an ,-hydroxy acid that has not been used before in chemical peeling of melasma. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present work was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lactic acid in chemical peeling of melasma in comparison to Jessner's solution chemical peels. METHODS This study was conducted at the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Baghdad Hospital, in the period between April 2001 and August 2002. Thirty patients with melasma were included in this study. They were mostly of skin type IV according to Fitzpatrick's classification, 26 (86.67%) were women, and 4 (13.33%) were men, with an age range from 18 and 50 years (mean±SD, 33.53±6.96 years). Full clinical examination was done to all patients including Wood's light. The severity of melasma was assessed by MASI (Melasma Area Severity Index). Pure lactic acid full strength (92%, pH 3.5) was used as a new peeling agent on the left side of the face while Jessner's solution was applied to the right side of the face. The chemical peeling sessions were done every 3 weeks until the desired response was achieved. Follow-up was carried out for 6 months after the last session. RESULTS Six patients were defaulted from the study after the first session for unknown reasons. Twenty-four patients completed the study. Twenty (83.33%) were women and four were men (16.67%). Wood's light examination showed increased contrast in all patients of mostly epidermal melasma. The number of sessions ranged from 2 to 5. All patients showed marked improvement as calculated by MASI score before and after treatment, and the response was highly statistically significant. No side effect was recorded in all treated patients. CONCLUSION Lactic acid was found to be an effective and safe peeling agent in the treatment of melasma, and it was as effective as Jessner's solution. [source]

Xeroderma pigmentosum with limited involvement of the UV-exposed areas: a case report

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2003
Mostafa Mirshams-Shahshahani MD
A 21-year-old woman with skin type IV, who had developed photophobia and brown, spotty, hyperpigmented lesions on her face from early childhood, presented to our center for treatment of her facial lesions. Examination on admission revealed numerous, freckle-like, hyperpigmented macules and actinic keratoses over the central part of the face, with sparing of the forehead, chin, and peripheral area (Fig. 1). The area involved was approximated to be around 2% of the total body surface. The dorsal parts of the hands showed no lesions (Fig. 2), but guttate hypomelanotic lesions were apparent on both forearms. Figure 1. Limitation of xeroderma pigmentosum lesions to the center of the face Figure 2. Hands are devoid of any lesions Histologic examination of biopsies from four different facial lesions revealed them to be keratoacanthoma (1.5 × 2.5 cm ulcerative nodule on the right cheek), sclerosing basal cell epithelioma (nasal lesion), lentigo simplex, and hypertrophic actinic keratosis. Corneal clouding, conjunctival injection, loss of lashes, and atrophy of the lids were apparent on ophthalmologic examination. Other parts of the physical examination, including examination of the oral cavity, were nonsignificant. In addition, except for the presence of mild eczema in a sibling, the patient's family history regarding the presence of any similar problem and also any other important dermatologic or general disorder was negative. [source]

Facial resurfacing in patients with Fitzpatrick skin type IV,

LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE, Issue 2 2002
Suchai Sriprachya-anunt MD
Abstract Background and Objectives Though post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is probably the most common complication of laser resurfacing and appears to correlate directly with the intensity of the patient's natural pigmentation, there is very little data that specifically addresses the risks of dyspigmentation in more darkly pigmented patients (Fitzpatrick skin types IV and above). The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term dyspigmentation of patients with skin type IV having radial laser resurfacing. Study Design/Materials and Methods A retrospective review of the clinical efficacy, incidence of dyspigmentation and other adverse effects, as well as the pre/post-operative protocol of 22 patients with Fitzpatrick skin type IV who were a minimum of 1 year post-operative following facial laser resurfacing. Results The average patient achieved greater than 50% improvement, indicating adequate treatment being delivered. PIH occurred in 68% of patients, starting 1 month post-operative and lasting 3.8 months. There was no correlation to pre-treatment or type of laser used as far as incidence of PIH. True hypopigmentation was not seen in this group of 22 patients. Conclusions PIH is the most common complication of facial resurfacing in patients with skin type IV. It is not preventable by choice of laser or skin care regimen pre-operative, but appears to respond to appropriate treatment once it has developed. Lasers Surg. Med. 30:86,92, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Nonablative 1450-nm Diode Laser in the Treatment of Facial Atrophic Acne Scars in Type IV to V Asian Skin: A Prospective Clinical Study

DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 10 2004
Sze-Hon Chua MRCP (UK)
Background. There is presently little published data on the clinical effectiveness of nonablative lasers in the treatment of atrophic acne scars and the safety of their use in patients with darker skin types. Objective. This study aims to determine the clinical effectiveness and safety of the nonablative 1450 nm diode laser with cryogen cooling spray in the treatment of facial atrophic acne scars in Type IV-V Asian skin. Methods. This is a prospective non-comparative open study. 4 to 6 laser treatment sessions were performed on patients with atrophic acne scars. Final clinical assessment was performed 6 months after the last treatment. Results. 57 patients were evaluated. Patient's self-assessment of scar improvement as compared with doctor's assessment was as follows: patients who completed 4 treatments (15.7% vs 6.6%), patients who completed 5 treatments (20% vs 7.9%) and patients those who completed 6 treatments (17.3% vs 5.0%). Main side effects were mild to moderate pain during the procedure, transient erythema, and hyperpigmentation which occurred in 39% of treated patients. Conclusion. The nonablative 1450 nm diode laser may be effective in achieving mild to moderate gradual clinical improvement in the treatment of facial atrophic acne scars. The procedure is associated with minimal downtime and is safe for use in darker skin types IV and V. [source]

Skin lightening preparations and the hydroquinone controversy

DERMATOLOGIC THERAPY, Issue 5 2007
Zoe Diana Draelos
ABSTRACT:, Skin lightening preparations are widely used in dermatology by persons of all Fitzpatrick skin types. Fitzpatrick skin types I,III require local pigment lightening for the treatment of hormonally induced melasma and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation caused by acne and trauma. Fitzpatrick skin types IV and darker have an even greater need for skin lightening for social reasons, as well as pigmentary changes that occur around the eyes, in the intertriginous areas, following dermatitis, or with acne and trauma. The gold standard dermatologic agent for skin lightening was hydroquinone, until regulatory agencies in Japan, Europe, and most recently in the United States questioned the safety of this substance. This has encouraged research into alternative agents to inhibit skin pigmentation such as retinoids, mequinol, azelaic acid, arbutin, kojic acid, aleosin, licorice extract, ascorbic acid, soy proteins, and N-acetyl glucosamine. The efficacy and safety of each of these ingredients is examined as possible topical alternatives to hydroquinone. [source]