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Skeletal Maturation (skeletal + maturation)
Selected AbstractsKeats and Kahn's Roentgen Atlas of Skeletal MaturationACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 12 2009William A. Bishop MD No abstract is available for this article. [source] Skeletal maturation in cerebral palsyDEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE & CHILD NEUROLOGY, Issue 4 2005Nick Bishop No abstract is available for this article. [source] Black bear femoral geometry and cortical porosity are not adversely affected by ageing despite annual periods of disuse (hibernation)JOURNAL OF ANATOMY, Issue 2 2007Meghan E. McGee Abstract Disuse (i.e. inactivity) causes bone loss, and a recovery period that is 2,3 times longer than the inactive period is usually required to recover lost bone. However, black bears experience annual disuse (hibernation) and remobilization periods that are approximately equal in length, yet bears maintain or increase cortical bone material properties and whole bone mechanical properties with age. In this study, we investigated the architectural properties of bear femurs to determine whether cortical structure is preserved with age in bears. We showed that cross-sectional geometric properties increase with age, but porosity and resorption cavity density do not change with age in skeletally immature male and female bears. These findings suggest that structural properties substantially contribute to increasing whole bone strength with age in bears, particularly during skeletal maturation. Porosity was not different between skeletally immature and mature bears, and showed minimal regional variations between anatomical quadrants and radial positions that were similar in pattern and magnitude between skeletally immature and mature bears. We also found gender dimorphisms in bear cortical bone properties: females have smaller, less porous bones than males. Our results provide further support for the idea that black bears possess a biological mechanism to prevent disuse osteoporosis. [source] Sonographic measurement of calcaneal volume for determination of skeletal age in childrenJOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND, Issue 9 2003Hanan Sherif MD Abstract Purpose The purposes of this study were first to prospectively evaluate the feasibility of using sonographic measurements of volume of the ossified part of the calcaneus to determine skeletal age in healthy children and second, to provide normal ranges of this volume by sex and age up to 6 years. Methods Four hundred normal girls and boys ranging in age from 1 day to 6 years were examined sonographically to determine the volume of the calcaneal ossification center. The children were randomly divided into 2 groups. The first group (300 children) was used to determine normal values for the mean calcaneal volume by age and sex. The second group (100 children) was used to validate those normal values. Results The sonographically determined volume of the calcaneal ossification center correlated well with the chronologic age of the children. The calcaneal ossification centers of boys were larger than those of girls within the same age groups from ages 2 to 10 months, but from 11 months to 6 years old, they were larger in the girls. The differences, however, were not statistically significant. The volume of the calcaneal ossification center increased the most between the first and second years of life, reaching 183% and 140% in girls and boys, respectively. Using the normal values obtained from the first group, we correctly predicted the chronologic age in 91% of children in the validation group. Among the remaining 9%, the error in prediction of chronologic age never exceeded 1 age interval. Conclusions The use of sonography provides a quantitative means of measuring calcaneal volume, and its use is feasible for determining skeletal age in children. The normal values we obtained may be used as a baseline for sonographic assessment of skeletal maturation and diagnosis of growth retardation. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 31:457,460, 2003 [source] A Bayesian Approach to Age Estimation in Modern Americans from the Clavicle,JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES, Issue 3 2010Natalie Langley-Shirley Ph.D. Abstract:, Clavicles from 1289 individuals from cohorts spanning the 20th century were scored with two scoring systems. Transition analysis and Bayesian statistics were used to obtain robust age ranges that are less sensitive to the effects of age mimicry and developmental outliers than age ranges obtained using a percentile approach. Observer error tests showed that a simple three-phase scoring system proved the least subjective, while retaining accuracy levels. Additionally, significant sexual dimorphism was detected in the onset of fusion, with women commencing fusion at least a year earlier than men (women transition to fusion at approximately 15 years of age and men at 16 years). Significant secular trends were apparent in the onset of skeletal maturation, with modern Americans transitioning to fusion approximately 4 years earlier than early 20th century Americans and 3.5 years earlier than Korean War era Americans. These results underscore the importance of using modern standards to estimate age in modern individuals. [source] Turner syndrome phalangeal screening based on a two-stage linear regression conceptPEDIATRICS INTERNATIONAL, Issue 4 2009Chui-Mei Tiu Abstract Background:, Turner syndrome (TS) is a congenital chromosomal abnormality, resulting in short stature, short fourth metacarpal, and retarded skeletal maturation in children. The existing methods of diagnosis, which include carpal angle, metacarpal sign, and body mass index (BMI), cannot accurately diagnose TS. The authors propose a novel procedure for examining the hand skeleton to distinguish between normal individuals and patients with TS. Methods:, This investigation was divided into two parts. In the first part, existing methods (evaluation of the metacarpal sign, measurement of the carpal angle, and determination of BMI) were used. Examination in the second part was based on the two-stage screening method (TSSM). In the first stage in TSSM, the ratio of the lengths of the distal,middle phalanges of the fifth digit was determined in normal subjects with average range of satisfactory body height and TS patients. A suitable cut-off was found on linear regression and used to divide the plot into TS patients and normal subjects. In the second stage, the normal section was transferred to another group based on bone and chronological ages. A greater number of patients were diagnosed with TS using this method. Finally, four cut-off parameters were determined on linear regression analysis. Results with optimal sensitivity and specificity were automatically obtained. Results:, The combination of TSSM with optimal programming (sensitivity = 0.81 and specificity = 0.91) was satisfactory for diagnosing TS patients. Conclusion:, TSSM can suitably evaluate growth of the hand skeleton to distinguish between normal individuals and patients with TS. [source] ADHD symptoms and maturity , a follow-up study in school childrenACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 10 2010P Gustafsson Abstract Aim:, To test the hypothesis that there is a subgroup of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who show a decline in ADHD-symptoms that is associated with signs of biological maturation, a phenomenon referred to as a ,maturation catch-up'. Methods:, The parents of 147 children who were given an examination in grades one and two 1999,2000 that included assessment of ADHD-symptoms and estimation of skeletal bone-age by use of hand radiographs (which was repeated in the eighth grade), were contacted 2008,2009 and were asked to answer questions concerning ADHD-symptoms and behavioural maturity in their children. The response frequency was 67%. A complete dataset was achieved in 57 children. A reduction of Conners scores for ADHD-symptoms of eight or more between the evaluations was defined as a marked reduction in symptoms. Results:, When the children with a marked symptom reduction (n = 6) were compared with children without such a reduction (n = 51), we found a significant difference in skeletal maturation (p < 0.05). Conclusion:, This study gives support to the theory that there is a group of children with ADHD-symptoms who have a biological maturational-lag who will show a decrease in their ADHD-symptoms as they show a maturation catch-up with increasing age. [source] | ||||||||||