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Sharp Fall (sharp + fall)
Selected AbstractsAn Assessment of the Disorderly Adjustment Hypothesis for Industrial Economies,INTERNATIONAL FINANCE, Issue 1 2006Hilary Croke Much has been written about prospects for US current account adjustment, including the possibility of what is sometimes referred to as a ,disorderly correction': a sharp fall in the exchange rate that boosts interest rates, depresses stock prices and weakens economic activity. This paper assesses some of the empirical evidence bearing on the plausibility of the disorderly adjustment scenario, drawing on the experience of previous current account adjustments in industrial economies. We examined the paths of key economic performance indicators before, during and after the onset of adjustment, building on the analysis of Freund (2000). We found little evidence among past adjustment episodes of the features highlighted by the disorderly adjustment hypothesis. Although some episodes in our sample experienced significant shortfalls in GDP growth after the onset of adjustment, these shortfalls were not associated with significant and sustained depreciations of real exchange rates, increases in real interest rates or declines in real stock prices. By contrast, it was among the episodes where GDP growth picked up during adjustment that the most substantial depreciations of real exchange rates occurred. These findings do not preclude the possibility that future current account adjustments could be disruptive, but they weaken the historical basis for predicting such an outcome. [source] Thermal behaviors of polystyrene plasticized with compressed carbon dioxide in a sealed systemPOLYMER ENGINEERING & SCIENCE, Issue 9 2009Long Yu The thermal behavior of polystyrene (PS) plasticized with compressed carbon dioxide (CO2) was studied using differential scanning calorimetry with a high-pressure stainless steel pan in a sealed system. The technique proved to be a simple and convenient way to study the thermal behavior of a polymer plasticized with compressed CO2 at pressures up to 100 atm, which covers both the gas and supercritical states. A sharp fall in the decrease rate of the glass transition temperature (Tg) under conditions near the critical point of compressed CO2 was firstly observed, which corresponded with the solubility of CO2 in PS. Since the system is scaled, which results in a stable pressure at a certain temperature, it is more suitable to study the effect of annealing. An endotherm was detected after the PS was annealed at a temperature below its Tg under compressed CO2. The enthalpy of this endotherm increased linearly with increasing logarithm of annealing time under a certain pressure. The endotherm was affected by two thermodynamic equilibrations at a temperature below its Tg: (i) enthalpy relaxation of the PS; and (ii) the absorption/desorption of CO2. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers [source] The Pattern and Determinants of Intra-Industry Trade in Australian ManufacturingTHE AUSTRALIAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, Issue 3 2000Kishor Sharma This paper presents the pattern and determinants of intra-industry trade (IIT) in Australian manufacturing since the late 1970s. The results point to a sharp rise in IIT from the mid 1980s which appears to be linked with an outward-oriented policy. Industry-level analysis indicates that industries which experienced a sharp fall in protection are the industries with the higher levels of IIT. These include textiles, garments, rubber products, and machinery and equipment. An increasing trend in IIT suggests that the short-term adjustment costs associated with trade liberalisation are likely to be lower, and that liberalisation can proceed without huge short-term adjustment costs. Using a logit model the determinants of IIT are investigated. Results indicate that IIT is positively related to product differentiation and scale economies, and negatively related to the levels of protection and foreign ownership in the pre-liberalisation period. In the post-liberalisation period, however, scale economies explain the inter-industry variations in IIT. R&D intensity and close economic integration appear to have no impact on IIT regardless of the nature of the policy regime. [source] Trends in Child Poverty in Australia, 1982 to 1995,96THE ECONOMIC RECORD, Issue 234 2000ANN HARDING This study suggests that child poverty in Australia fell by about one-third between 1982 and 1995,96, largely as a result of the very substantial increases in government cash payments to lower income families with children. However, while there were sharp falls in poverty among dependent children, poverty rates among 15 to 18 year-olds who had left the parental home or who were still living at home but not in full-time study increased very sharply. In addition, the after-housing poverty picture did not look so optimistic, apparently due to a compositional shift in the types of families in after-housing poverty. [source] | ||||||||||