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Sheet-like Structure (sheet-like + structure)
Selected AbstractsTenderization of Heated Sliced Beef by Succinylated Glycerol Monostearate, a Novel Meat TenderizerJOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 4 2001K. Mori ABSTRACT Succinylated glycerol monostearate (SGMS) was most effective in reducing shear-force value when used as a surfactant to tenderize meat using sheep casings as a model of intramuscular connective tissue. Roasted beef slices that had been treated with 2% granular SGMS showed a marked decrease in toughness due to the penetration of SGMS along the perimysium during heating. Collagen fibrils in the perimysium were transformed into a sheet-like structure that seemed very likely to be a complex of SGMS and thermally denatured collagen. These structural changes could account for the tenderness of the roasted beef slices. [source] 4-Oxocyclohexanecarboxylic acid: hydrogen bonding in the monohydrate of a ,-keto acidACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C, Issue 2 2004Alan Barcon The title monohydrate, C7H10O3·H2O, aggregates as a complex hydrogen-bonding network, in which the water molecule accepts a hydrogen bond from the carboxyl group of one molecule and donates hydrogen bonds to ketone and carboxyl Czdbnd;O functions in two additional molecules, yielding a sheet-like structure of parallel ribbons. The keto acid adopts a chiral conformation through rotation of the carboxyl group by 62.50,(15)° relative to the plane defined by its point of attachment and the ketone C and O atoms. Two C,H,O close contacts exist in the structure. [source] catena -Poly[[dicyanamido(1,10-phenanthroline)copper(II)]-,-dicyanamido]ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C, Issue 7 2000Zhe-Ming Wang The title compound, [Cu(C2N3)2(C12H8N2)]n, has a sheet-like structure, built by [Cu(phen)(dca)2]n (phen is 1,10-phenanthroline and dca is dicyanamide) chains which are interconnected by secondary long Cu,N bonds between the chains. The Cu2+ ion is in a distorted tetragonal bipyramidal (5,+,1) coordination environment. The sheets stack into the three-dimensional crystal structure through aromatic interactions between the coordinated phen ligands of adjacent sheets. [source] Vacuolar membrane dynamics revealed by GFP-AtVam3 fusion proteinGENES TO CELLS, Issue 7 2002Tomohiro Uemura Background: The plant vacuole is a multifunctional organelle that has various physiological functions. The vacuole dynamically changes its function and shape, dependent on developmental and physiological conditions. Our current understanding of the dynamic processes of vacuolar morphogenesis has suffered from the lack of a marker for observing these processes in living cells. Results: We have developed transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana expressing a vacuolar syntaxin-related molecule (AtVam3/SYP22) fused with green fluorescent protein (GFP). Observations using confocal laser scanning microscopy demonstrated that the plant vacuole contained a dynamic membrane system that underwent a complex architectural remodelling. Three-dimensional reconstitution and time-lapse analysis of GFP-fluorescence images revealed that cylindrical and sheet-like structures were present in the vacuolar lumen and were moving dynamically. The movement, but not the structure itself, was abolished by cytochalasin D, an inhibitor of actin polymerization. This moving structure, which sometimes penetrated through the vacuolar lumen, possessed a dynamic membrane architecture similar to the previously recognized ,transvacuolar strand.' Conclusion: We propose two possible models for the formation of the vacuolar lumenal structure. Membrane structures including protruding tubules and reticular networks have recently been recognized in many other organelles, and may be actively involved in intra- and/or inter-organelle signalling. [source] Structural Studies of Bleached Melanin by Synchrotron Small-angle X-ray Scattering,PHOTOCHEMISTRY & PHOTOBIOLOGY, Issue 2 2003Kenneth C. Littrell ABSTRACT Small-angle X-ray scattering was used to measure the effects of chemical bleaching on the size and morphology of tyrosine-derived synthetic melanin dispersed in aqueous media. The average size as measured by the radius of gyration of the melanin particles in solution, at neutral to mildly basic pH, decreases from 16.5 to 12.5 Å with increased bleaching. The melanin particles exhibit scattering characteristic of sheet-like structures with a thickness of approximately 11 Å at all but the highest levels of bleaching. The scattering data are well described by the form factor for scattering from a pancake-like circular cylinder. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that unbleached melanin, at neutral to mildly basic pH, is a planar aggregate of 6- to 10-nm-sized melanin protomolecules, hydrogen bonded through their quinone and phenolic perimeters. The observed decrease in melanin particle size with increased bleaching is interpreted as evidence for deaggregation, most probably the result of oxidative disruption of hydrogen bonds and an increase in the number of charged, carboxylic acid groups, whereby the melanin aggregates disassociate into units composed of decreasing numbers of protomolecules. [source] | |||||||||||||