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Severe Strain (severe + strain)
Selected AbstractsFactors that distinguish serious versus less severe Strain and sprain injuries: An analysis of electric utility workersAMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE, Issue 3 2009Michael A. Kelsh PhD Abstract Background Occupational sprain and strain injuries are one of the most common types of nonfatal occupational injuries and a significant source of lost workdays. This study examines factors associated with severe work-related sprain/strain injuries to the back, shoulder, and knees. Methods A synthetic case,control study was performed (controls were selected from the same pool of utility workers as cases). Cases included all electric utility workers who had experienced a severe work-related sprain/strain injury to the back, knee, or shoulder. Primary controls were selected from all workers who had sustained a minor injury. Secondary controls were selected from employees with a minor sprain/strain injury to the back, knee, or shoulder. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results Workers 41 years and older were more likely to have experienced severe shoulder sprain/strain injuries [Age 41,50: OR,=,3.62, 95% CI: 1.71,7.65; age 51 and older: OR,=,4.49, 95% CI: 1.89,10.67] and severe back sprain/strain injuries [Age 41,50: OR,=,1.70, 95% CI: 1.06,2.33; age 51 and older: OR,=,1.5, 95% CI: 0.90,2.52]. Line workers and maintenance workers had an increased risk of serious sprain/strain injuries. Gender and day of week were not significantly associated with sprain/strain injuries. Discussion Though this study is limited by available data, future studies may benefit from this preliminary examination of occupational and demographic characteristics associated with serious sprain/strain injuries among electric utility workers. Am. J. Ind. Med. 52:210,220, 2009. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Electromyographic analysis of a modified maneuver for quadriceps femoris muscle setting with co-contraction of the hamstringsJOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH, Issue 3 2003Masaaki Nakajima Abstract A ,quadriceps femoris muscle setting" is isometric quadriceps femoris exercise which can be widely used in early knee rehabilitation. However this exercise cannot obtain enough co-contraction of the hamstrings. Isolated quadriceps femoris contraction in knee extension imposes severe strain to anterior cruciate ligament. We succeeded in developing a simple training maneuver that is effective in obtaining co-contraction of the hamstrings,a modified maneuver for the quadriceps femoris muscle setting with the contralateral lower limb raised (MQS). In this study, we analyzed the effect of this maneuver by EMG quantification. Twenty-eight healthy young adult men performed sequential trials consisting of normal quadriceps femoris muscle setting (NQS) and MQS. Electromyographic activity was recorded from surface electrodes on the gluteus maximus, vastus medialis, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, semitendinosus and biceps femoris (long head), and normalized to values derived from maximal isometric trials. The % maximal voluntary isometric contraction (%MVIC) of the vastus medialis, vastus lateralis and rectus femoris did not vary in the each maneuver. However, the %MVIC of the hamstrings varied significantly in the MQS. This study suggests that effective co-contraction of the hamstrings can be obtained in MQS by adjusting the load to the raised lower limb. © 2002 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. [source] New severe strains of Melon necrotic spot virus: symptomatology and sequencingPLANT PATHOLOGY, Issue 5 2005C. Kubo New strains of Melon necrotic spot virus (MNSV), designated MNSV-YS and MNSV-KS, caused much more severe growth retardation on melon plants than MNSV-NH, which was previously reported as the most severe strain of MNSV in Japan. MNSV-YS spread much more quickly than MNSV-NH in infected plants, and induced more severe growth retardation, even though the appearance of necrotic lesions on inoculated cotyledons was much slower. MNSV-KS had properties intermediate between those of the other two strains. The results suggest that faster-spreading strains can multiply more rapidly as a result of lower levels of activity in inducing necrotic lesions in melon plants. The complete sequences of MNSV-YS and MNSV-KS were determined, and an RT,PCR,RFLP method based on these sequences was successfully developed to detect and discriminate between the three strains. [source] | ||||||||||